2013中考英語(yǔ)備考:近義詞匯總3

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    暑假過后,新初三生們迎來了初中最重要的一年——初三。為方便2013年中考考生及家長(zhǎng)查詢相關(guān)信息,出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)中考頻道特別搜集匯總了中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)以供參考:
    §11  affair/matter/business
    Ⅰ. affair “事、事情、事務(wù)”它的涵義最廣,可指已經(jīng)發(fā)生或必須做的任何事情, 也可泛指事務(wù)(通常用算數(shù),指重大或頭緒較多的事務(wù))。如:
    ① The railway accident was a terrible affair. 那次火車事故是件可怕的事。
    ② That’s my affair, not yours. 那是我的事, 不是你的。
    ③ We should concern ourselves with state affairs. 我們要關(guān)心國(guó)家大事。
    Ⅱ. matter“事、事情” 是普通用語(yǔ),常指我們所寫到或談到的事情,要考慮和處理的事情。如:
    ① This is a matter I know little about. 這件事我不大知道。
    ② I’ll ask some one about the matter.關(guān)于這件事我將去問問人。
    ③ There are several matters to be considered. 有幾件事情要考慮。
    [注]:在口語(yǔ)中,be the matter 相當(dāng)于 be wrong, 表發(fā)生了失常的事或出了毛病等意思。如:
    ① What’s the matter? 怎么啦?
    ② What’s the matter with you? 你怎么啦?
    Ⅲ. business“生意、商業(yè)”產(chǎn)普通用語(yǔ)。它表“事情、事務(wù)”時(shí),往往指一種任務(wù)、責(zé)任或必須去做的事。此外, 它有時(shí)還含有輕蔑的意味。如:
    ① We don’t do much business with them. 我們跟他們沒有多少生意來往。
    ② It is a teacher’s business to help his pupils. 幫助學(xué)生是教師的責(zé)任。
    ③ He made it his business to fetch water for a granny. 他把為一位老大娘挑水當(dāng)作自己的事。
    ④ It’s not your business.這不是你的事。
    [注]:這三個(gè)詞有時(shí)可通用,但不能任意替換。如:
    Mind your own business.少管閑事。這里的 business 可用affairs 替換,但不能用 matters.
    §12  afraid/ fear/ frightened
    Ⅰ. afraid “害怕”是形容詞,只能作表語(yǔ),而不能作定語(yǔ),后接of 短語(yǔ)或不定式,構(gòu)成 be afraid of sb. 和 be afraid to do sth
    ① She is afraid of a snake. 她害怕蛇。
    ② The little girl is afraid to go out at night.
    afraid +that clause “恐怕”, 是婉轉(zhuǎn)拒絕別人的一種表達(dá)方式。 如:
    ① I’m afraid (that) I can’t go to the party. My brother is sick. 恐怕我不能去參加聚會(huì)了。我弟弟病了。
    Ⅱ. fear “害怕”是動(dòng)詞,與be afraid 往往通用,但不如它常用(特別是在口語(yǔ)中)。如:
    ① We fear no difficulty.我們不怕困難。
    ② He feared to speak his mind.他不敢說出自己的想法。
    ③ Fearing that he would catch cold, I went out to see him.因?yàn)榕滤麜?huì)受涼,我走去看他。
    Ⅲ. frightened adj “受驚嚇的、害怕的”可做表語(yǔ),也可作定語(yǔ)。如:
    ① She is too frightened to move.她太害怕了不能動(dòng)彈。
    ② A frightened girl is crying. 一個(gè)受驚的女孩正在哭。
    §13 feel like / would like
    Ⅰ.feel like 與would like 意思很相近,但feel like 后面常跟名詞;動(dòng)名詞。構(gòu)成:feel like (doing) sth. 而 would like 一般接名詞;動(dòng)詞不定式。構(gòu)成:would like (to do) sth.的句式。如:
    ① I feel like (having) a drink. = I would like (to have) a drink. 我想喝一杯。
    ② Do you feel like talking a walk. = Would you like to take a walk? 你要不要散步?
    ③ I don’t feel like eating. 我不想吃東西。
    Ⅱ.feel like 還表示:“覺得好像,摸起來像”。如:
    ① It feels like silk. 它摸起來像綢緞。
    §14. after/behind “在……之后”
    Ⅰ. after “在……(時(shí)間)之后”;
    “在……(地點(diǎn))之后”,指次序。如:
    ① He came after ten o’clock. 他十點(diǎn)以后來的。
    ② Two days after his arrival, I called on him. 在他到達(dá)兩天以后,我拜訪了他。
    ③ ‘Against’ comes after ‘a(chǎn)gain’ in this cictionary.在這本字典中 ‘a(chǎn)gainst’ 排在 ‘a(chǎn)gain’ 之后。
    Ⅱ. behind 表地點(diǎn)時(shí)意為:在……后面、著重指位置的前后。偶爾也指時(shí)間,表按照一定的時(shí)刻而遲了的意思。
    ① The garden is behind the house.
    ② He stood behind me.
    ③ The train was behind time. 火車誤點(diǎn)了。
    ④ You are two hours behind. 你遲了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。
    §15. ago/before
    Ⅰ. ago adv. “……以前”指從此刻起,若干時(shí)間以前,通常與過去連用。如:
    ① It happened two days ago.這件事發(fā)生在兩天以前。
    ② I met him a few minutes ago.我在幾分鐘以前碰到他。
    Ⅱ. before adv, prep & conj “……以前”指從那時(shí)起若干時(shí)間以前。通常與完成時(shí)、過去時(shí)等連用。還可用作前置詞或連接詞表時(shí)間,而ago 則不能這樣用。
    ① He said that he had seen her two days before.他說他兩天前見到過她。(表從她說話那時(shí)起兩天前)
    ② I had been fine the day before.(那天)前一天的天氣很好。
    ③ I’ve seen that film before.
    ④ I never met him before.
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