中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)題(5)
湖北省宜昌市第五中學(xué) 葛 林
1. beside
[誤]The students stood besides the teacher.
[正]The students stood beside the teacher.
[誤]I study English beside Chinese.
[正]I study English besides Chinese.
[析]beside意為“在……旁邊”，而besides是“除……以外(還如何)”。
beside, by near
beside意為“在……旁”，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指“倚、靠”、“沿著”之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用來(lái)表示兩地間距離不遠(yuǎn)，如：There is a post office near our school.
2. better
[誤]You had better to do it at home.
[正]You had better do it at home.
[誤]You hadn't better wake me up at six.
[正]You had better not wake me up at six.
[析]had better在肯定句中為“應(yīng)該作某事”，其后加不帶to的不定式，而在否定句中應(yīng)用had better + not + 動(dòng)詞原形。在簡(jiǎn)答語(yǔ)中had常省略為'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：Let's go first. No, we'd better not.
3. between
[誤]Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[正]Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[析]兩者之間多用between，三者或三者以上之間則用among.
[誤]You must choose between this club or that club.
[正]You must choose between this club and that club.
[析]在兩個(gè)之間作出選擇要用between ... and ...，而不能用between ... or ...
4. big
[誤]There was a big rain last night.
[正]There was a heavy rain last night.
[析]大雨在英語(yǔ)中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
5. bit
[誤]He is a bit fool.
[正]He is a bit of a fool.
[析]a bit可以作程度副詞，與a little相同，但它用于名詞前應(yīng)用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應(yīng)用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其簡(jiǎn)答的否定句應(yīng)為Not a bit,(一點(diǎn)兒也不。)又如：
--- Do you mind if I open the door?
--- Not a bit.
6. black
[誤]The children became black after swimming in the sea.
[正]The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
[析]因太陽(yáng)照曬而皮膚變黑，不應(yīng)用black而應(yīng)用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
7. hair
[誤]The girl has black eyes and black hair.
[正]The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
[析]英語(yǔ)中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。
[誤]The Europeans like red tea.
[正]The Europeans like black tea.
[析]紅茶在英文中應(yīng)為black tea. 這種慣用法還有：black and blue(鼻青臉腫，青一塊紫一塊);black and white(黑白電視片)。go black意為“在失去知覺(jué)時(shí)眼前一片黑暗”;look black意為“情況不妙，前景暗淡”。如：After the fight he was black and blue. On TV, I like colour for something and black and white for others.
8. body
[誤]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
[正]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
[析]中文常講對(duì)你身體有利，而英文中則講對(duì)你健康有利。
9. borrow
[誤]May I lend some books from the library?
[正]May I borrow some books from the library?
[誤]How long can I borrow it?
[正]How long can I keep it?
[析]英語(yǔ)中有三個(gè)詞都可譯為“借”，但意義各不相同如：“借入”是borrow，其常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)是borrow something from somebody，這是個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞，不可與表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. “借出”用lend，即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動(dòng)詞，也不能與延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。keep則是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可以和表示長(zhǎng)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可與how long等疑問(wèn)詞連用，如：You can keep it for three days.
10. born (bear的過(guò)去分詞)
[誤]I born in Shanghai.
[正]I was born in Shanghai.
[誤]He was born from Greek parents.
[正]He was born of Greek parents.
[析]“出身于……樣的家庭”不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family.
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