大家知道，動(dòng)詞是高考英語中最重要的語法考點(diǎn)，根據(jù)近幾年的高考試題分析，在15道單項(xiàng)填空中，動(dòng)詞少則有5道(占單選總量的33.3%)，多則有8道(占單選題總量的53.3%)。其中涉及時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞辨析、短語動(dòng)詞等。本文擬就對這一考點(diǎn)精編經(jīng)典試題30道，供同學(xué)們考前復(fù)習(xí)之用。
1. When you’re learning to drive, _____ a good teacher makes a big difference.
A. have B. having C. and have D. and having
2. Anyone ______ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.
A. seen carry B. seen carrying C. saw to carry D. saw carrying
3. Any student _____ will be disqualified from the exam.
A. catching cheating B. catching to cheat
C. caught cheating D. caught to cheat
4. To test eggs, _____ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. to be putting
5. She read the letter through before sending it, ______ for spelling mistakes.
A. checked B. to be checking C. checking D. having checked
6. _____ this report _____ in such a short time was quite a difficult exercise.
A. Getting, done B. Get, done C. To get, to do D. Getting, to do
7. Certainly I posted your letter—I remember ______ it.
A. posting B. to post C. to be posting D. have posted
8. I asked the boss for a month’s holiday and, _____ it or not, he agreed.
A. believe B. to believe C. believing D. believed
9. ______ wine, first you must press the grapes.
A. Making B. To make C. To be making D. Make
10. Before you decide to leave your job, _____ the effect it will have on your family.
A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered
11. “I thought you wouldn’t mind.” “Well, as a matter of fact I don’t, but you _____ me first.”
A. should ask B. should have asked C. must ask D. must have asked
12. That car nearly hit me; I ______.
A. might be killed B. might have been killed
C. may be killed D. may been killed
13. You _____ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.
A. needn’t B. mightn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
14. You _____ him the news; he knew it already.
A. needn’t tell B. needn’t have told
C. mightn’t tell D. mightn’t have told
15. “What’s her name?” “Sorry, I _____.”
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
16. Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother.
A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost
17. It’s good that we _____ to the park because it’s started to rain.
A. don’t go B. hadn’t gone C. didn’t go D. wasn’t going
18. I _____ for five minutes; why don’t they come?
A. am calling B. called C. was calling D. have been calling
19. You _____ your turn so you’ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. had missed
20. I left my pen on the desk and now it’s gone; who _____ it?
A. took B. has taken C. will take D. had taken
21. They haven’t arrived yet but we _____ them at any moment.
A. are expected B. have expected C. are expecting D. will expect
22. You’ll never guess who I met today—my old teacher! We _____ for 20 years.
A. don’t meet B. haven’t met C. hadn’t met D. couldn’t meet
23. I think you must be mistaken about seeing him at the theatre; I’m sure he _____ abroad all week.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
24. I tried to phone her, but even as I _____ she was leaving the building.
A. phoned B. would phone C. had phoned D. was phoning
25. We _____ to move but are still considering where to go to.
A. are deciding B. decided C. have decided D. had decided
26. A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying C. has said D. is said
27. We’re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.
A. spare B. be spared C. share D. be shared
28. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who _____ halfway.
A. gave off B. gave up C. gave away D. gave out
29. If the new arrangement doesn’t _____, we’ll go back to the old one.
A. work over B. work out C. work up D. work down
30. My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.
A. done B. seen C. finished D. realized
【答案與解析】
1. B when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，填空句為主句，動(dòng)名詞短語 having a good teacher 為主句主語。
2. B anyone seen carrying bags…為 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中過去分詞短語 seen carrying bags…用作定語修飾代詞 anyone。
3. C caught cheating 為 who is caught cheating 之省略。同時(shí)注意句型：catch sb doing sth (逮住某人做某事)。
4. A 句首的 to test eggs 為目的狀語，填空句為祈使句謂語，故用動(dòng)詞原形。
5. C 現(xiàn)在分詞短語在此表示伴隨。
6. A 注意句子的謂語是 was，getting this report done in such a short time 是動(dòng)名詞短語，用作句子主語。
7. A remember doing sth=記住曾經(jīng)做過的事，remember to do sth=記住要做的事。
8. A believe it or not 是習(xí)語，用作插入語，其中的 believe 只用原形。
9. B to make wine 為目的狀語。
10. A before 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，填空句為主句，而此主句為一祈使句，故動(dòng)詞用原形。下面五題也都選A，道理是一樣的：(from www.nmet168.com)
(1) Before you send the letter, _____ with Bill to see if the address is right.
A. check B. to check C. checking D. checked
(2) If the car won’t start, _____ it.
A. try pushing B. try push C. to try pushing D. to try to push
(3) If they don’t understand it the first time, _____ over it again until they do.
A. go B. to go C. going D. to be going
(4) If you’re going on a long car journey, _____ sure the vehicle’s in good condition.
A. make B. to make C. making D. having made
(5) If you hear the fire bell, _____ cool and don’t panic.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
11. B should 后接動(dòng)詞完成式表示“本來應(yīng)該做某事，結(jié)果未做”，此處含有責(zé)備之意。
12. B 表示過去可能發(fā)生而實(shí)際上未發(fā)生的事，用might+動(dòng)詞完成式。若只是推測過去可能的事，則可用 may [might] + 動(dòng)詞完成式，如 He may [might] have gone. 他可能已經(jīng)走了。
13. C mustn’t 在此相當(dāng)于 can’t。
14. B needn’t + 動(dòng)詞完成式的意思是：本來不必做某事，但實(shí)際上做了。上句意思是“你本來不必告訴他這個(gè)消息的，因?yàn)樗?當(dāng)時(shí))已經(jīng)知道了”。
15. A 表示忘記“她”的名字在“現(xiàn)在”(即對方問話時(shí))。
16. D 由于那個(gè)小男孩徘徊的現(xiàn)象，推知他可能是找不到媽媽了。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示結(jié)果。
17. C 句意為“好在我們(剛才)沒有去公園，因?yàn)樘?現(xiàn)在)已經(jīng)開始下雨了”。
18. D 用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間。
19. B 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示結(jié)果，即你已經(jīng)錯(cuò)過了機(jī)會(huì)，其結(jié)果是：你只能等。
20. B 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響或結(jié)果，即現(xiàn)在筆不見了，是由于某人已經(jīng)把它拿走了的結(jié)果。
21. C 表示目前的情況，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意為“他們還沒到，但我們預(yù)計(jì)他們隨時(shí)都會(huì)到”。
22. B 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間。
23. C 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響或結(jié)果，即他整個(gè)星期都在國外，所以你說你在劇院見過他，你一定是搞錯(cuò)了。
24. D 注意even as 的意思，它表示“正當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”或“恰當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。
25. C 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響。
26. D 此句也可說成 It is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather.
27. B spare表示“騰出或省去(多余的人或物)”，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
28. B give up 指“放棄”。
29. B work out 在此表示“使人滿意”或“有好結(jié)果”。
30. D realize 在此的意思不是“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，而是指“使(不安、恐懼等)成為事實(shí)”。
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