advise ，persuade
persuade sb. to do sth.意為“說服某人做某事”，強調(diào)勸說成功，說服;advise sb. to do sth. 意為“勸說某人做某事”，不涉及勸說是否有效，相當于try to persuade sb. to do sth.。如：
The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking.醫(yī)生說服我爸爸戒了煙。
The doctor advised my father to give up smoking, but failed.
醫(yī)生勸我爸爸戒煙，但沒成功。
advise; suggest
advise 與suggest 都可作“建議”講，二者用法有同有異。
(1)相同點 表示建議做某事，advise與suggest都可采用下列三種句型:
① + 名詞
② + 動名詞
③ + that從句(從句中常用should加動詞原形，should可以省略。)
eg. He advised/ suggested an early start.
He advised/ suggested (our) starting early.
He advised/ suggested that we (should) start early.
(注：只要是用從句表示建議該做的事，從句中就可用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。)上面的第三句可轉(zhuǎn)化為：
It was suggested that we (should) start early.
What he suggested was that we(should) start early.
His suggestion was that we (should) start early.
(2)不同點
①advise后可以跟人稱代詞作賓語，而suggest后不可以跟人稱代詞作賓語。故可以說：
advise sb. to do sth.; advise sb. against (doing) sth.; advise sb. on/ about sth.; suggest(to sb.)that...
前三種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可將advise改為suggest，如：
他建議我們?nèi)⒂^博物館。
[正]He advised us to go to visit the museum.
[誤]He suggested us to go to visit the museum.
[誤]He suggested us that we go to visit the museum.
②suggest還有“暗示、表明、說、指出(一個事實)”的意思。此時從句中用陳述語氣，不用虛擬語氣。如：
The smile on his face suggested that he was pleased.
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the patient was seriously ill.(句中suggest陳述了一個事實，故用陳述語氣。)比較：
Having examined carefully, the doctor suggested that the Patient be
operated on at once.(句中suggest表示建議該做某事，從句中用should加動詞原形，should在從句中省略。)
affect(=have an effect on sth.)vt.影響(effect n.影響)
This may affect your health. 這或許會影響你的健康。
My throat is always affected by bad weather.我的嗓子總是受惡劣天氣的影響。
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