高考英語(yǔ)作文指導(dǎo)

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    想要高考取得好的成績(jī),高考英語(yǔ)作文是至關(guān)重要的,在這里,出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為大家整理了高考英語(yǔ)作文指導(dǎo),希望能夠幫各位高三學(xué)生更好的復(fù)習(xí),如果覺(jué)得本網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容有用,歡迎收藏(Ctrl+D即可)。
    高考英語(yǔ)寫作指導(dǎo)
    一、題型特點(diǎn)
    改寫: 通常情況下,改寫類的寫作命題可要求考生將一篇對(duì)話、留言、信件、電話記錄或其他類型的語(yǔ)言材料改寫成一篇短文。也有的試題要求考生能夠根據(jù)所給的提示(漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ))寫一篇對(duì)話。這類試題大多要求考生將試題所提供的語(yǔ)言材料的主要內(nèi)容,以記敘文的形式表達(dá)出來(lái)。試題可以規(guī)定考生以第幾人稱的形式來(lái)敘述這件事情,并且規(guī)定了一定的詞數(shù)。
    縮寫: 這類命題通常要求學(xué)生將一篇較長(zhǎng)的文章,縮寫成一篇短文。這類命題通常要求學(xué)生把握原文中的主要內(nèi)容,并且用自己的語(yǔ)言將其敘述出來(lái)。這類試題一般都會(huì)規(guī)定詞數(shù)的范圍。
    續(xù)寫: 這類試題通常給出了一件事情或一個(gè)故事的開頭,要求考生根據(jù)自己的想象,將這件事情或故事寫完整,使其結(jié)構(gòu)完整,情節(jié)的發(fā)展自然合理。
    擴(kuò)寫: 擴(kuò)寫實(shí)際上是改寫的一個(gè)方面。這類命題要求考生能夠依據(jù)所給定的較為簡(jiǎn)短的語(yǔ)言材料,擴(kuò)寫成為一篇符合字?jǐn)?shù)要求的文章。這類試題一般來(lái)講也對(duì)文章的字?jǐn)?shù)或其它的方面作出了要求。
    回信: 這類試題所提供的材料通常是英語(yǔ)信件的形式,要求考生能夠根據(jù)所給信件的內(nèi)容及回信中必須包含的要點(diǎn)寫一封回信。
    二、 寫作 技巧
    1. 認(rèn)真審題,把握要求。 在審題的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)注意把握試題所提供的條件、要求(通常以文字的形式出現(xiàn))、體裁、詞數(shù)、人稱形式等。
    2. 細(xì)讀材料,把握中心。 一般說(shuō)來(lái),所給出的試題材料都是圍繞一個(gè)中心展開的。它講述的通常是一個(gè)小故事或小事件。這個(gè)小故事或小事件就是這我們所要表述的中心。
    3. 初步構(gòu)思,考慮用詞。 在把所握文章的中心后,形成一個(gè)基本的框架,再考慮使用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ),包括恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)和句型,以充分地表達(dá)文章的內(nèi)容。在用詞方面,應(yīng)盡可能地充分利用所學(xué)的短語(yǔ)或句型,還應(yīng)注意適當(dāng)使用高級(jí)詞匯、復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)等,這在近年的高考閱卷過(guò)程中反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)了這一點(diǎn)。
    4. 聯(lián)詞成句,組段成文。 運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)正確表達(dá)文章中各個(gè)要點(diǎn)。然后使用正確的過(guò)渡詞將單個(gè)的句子來(lái)連接起來(lái)。連接時(shí),要注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞語(yǔ)或過(guò)渡性語(yǔ)句,以使語(yǔ)句間的聯(lián)系更為緊密,過(guò)渡更加自然。
    5. 反復(fù)審讀,修改錯(cuò)誤。 一篇文章寫好后,最好進(jìn)行檢查,看短文中是否有錯(cuò)誤,如拼寫、用詞、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及表達(dá)方面的錯(cuò)誤。
    三、實(shí)例講解
    ?改寫類
    下面是一段對(duì)話。假如你就是其中的m。請(qǐng)根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,用第一人稱的形式寫一篇短文,說(shuō)明自己受傷、進(jìn)醫(yī)院、缺課的經(jīng)過(guò)。要求交代清楚具體的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。
    w: why didn’t you go to school yesterday?
    m: i didn’t, but i went to the hospital instead.
    w: what happened to you?
    m: i was going to school together with li ming when suddenly a motor-bike ran into me and i fell down the ground. i was seriously hurt in the left leg and could hardly stand up.
    w: what happened later on?
    m: well, li ming stopped a taxi and took me to the hospital. there the doctor told me that i had to stay in the hospital for some time. then li ming telephoned my parents and told them what had happened.
    w: did li ming go to school?
    m: yes, he did. but i’m afraid he must have been late for class because he left the hospital at eight o’clock. but i had to stay in the hospital for a whole day before i went home in the evening with my parents. luckily i can walk as well as before.   
    w: i’m glad to hear that you are as well as before.
    m: thank you.
    解題指導(dǎo): 通過(guò)審題,我們可以看出,本題要求考生根據(jù)所給的這段對(duì)話材料寫一篇短文。要求考生以第一人稱的形式改寫,并且規(guī)定了文章的某些具體的內(nèi)容。
    細(xì)讀材料后,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這段對(duì)話主要講述的是一件“我”在上學(xué)路上被車撞了后住進(jìn)醫(yī)院的事情。在把握文章大意后,我們可以考慮其用詞和句型。在改寫這段對(duì)話時(shí),下面這些詞語(yǔ)或句型可能會(huì)用到: on one’s way to, knock off, as a result, hurt sb in the leg, ring sb up, not…until等。
    范文:
    yesterday morning i was going to school on foot together with li ming. we were talking and laughing happily on the way when a motor-bike knocked me off my bike. as a result, i was seriously hurt in the left leg and could hardly stand up. seeing this, li ming jumped off his bike, put it aside, stopped a taxi and took me to the hospital at once. in the hospital, a doctor gave me a quick examination. i was told that i had to stay there for some time. so li ming went out and rang up my parents. he told them what had happened to me in the street. he didn’t leave the hospital until my parents arrived. i stayed in the hospital for a whole day until later in the afternoon. luckily, i can walk as well as before now. i must thank li ming for his help.
    高考