瑞士伯爾尼大學創(chuàng)辦于16世紀，其在尖端學科方面得到特別的認可，以優(yōu)質的教學著稱，目前世界排名167位。下面是出國留學網為整理并翻譯的伯爾尼大學基本概況，供大家參考。
一、關于伯爾尼大學
The University of Bern offers top quality across the board: it enjoys special recognition in leading-edge disciplines, is reputed for the excellent quality of its teaching, offers a delightful setting, and a campus environment intimately linked to the social, economic and political life of the city. The university's comprehensive offering includes 8 faculties and some 160 institutes that date back to the XVIth century. Its academic and research organisation prides itself on its interdisciplinarity, exemplified by its five National Centres of Competence in Research: International Trade Regulation, TransCure (Membrane Transport Research), MUST (Molecular Ultrafast Science and Technology), PlanetS (how planet systems are formed and how they develop) and RNA and Disease. The university is actively involved in a wide range of European and worldwide research projects, notably in the field of space research. The city of Bern is listed among the cities that offer the best quality of life in the world: the people of Bern are welcoming and peaceable, and the old town of Bern, nestling in a breath-taking setting surrounded by the Swiss Alps, is listed as a UNESCO world heritage site.
伯爾尼大學提供頂級且全面的教育，其在尖端學科方面得到特別的認可，以優(yōu)質的教學著稱，有令人愉悅的背景和校園環(huán)境，同伯爾尼市的社會、經濟和政治生活緊密相連。伯爾尼大學全面的教育體現在它的八個學院和160個研究機構上。這些學院和研究機構的歷史可追溯到16世紀。其專業(yè)和研究組織的優(yōu)勢體現在跨學科上，其五個國家研究競爭中心分別是國際貿易條例中心、Membrane交通運輸研究中心、分子超快科學技術中心、行星系統(tǒng)研究中心和RNA與疾病中心。伯爾尼大學積極參與眾多的歐洲和國際研究項目，以太空領域的研究著稱。伯爾尼市被評為世界生活質量最高的城市之一，伯爾尼市的人民熱情好客、安居樂業(yè)。伯爾尼是一座古老的城市，由令人嘆為觀止的瑞士阿爾卑斯山作為背景，被評為聯(lián)合國教科文組織的一項世界文化遺產。
faculty staff and students
| Number of academic faculty staff | Number of students | Number of international students | |||
| In total | 1172 | In total | 10758 | In total | 1618 |
| International | 661 | Postgraduate | 51% | Postgraduate | 81% |
| Undergraduate | 49% | Undergraduate | 19% | ||
師生人數
| 專業(yè)教員人數 | 學生人數 | 國際學生人數 | |||
| 總共 | 1172 | 總共 | 10758 | 總共 | 1618 |
| 國際教員 | 661 | 研究生占比 | 51% | 研究生占比 | 81% |
| 本科生占比 | 49% | 本科生占比 | 19% | ||
二、伯爾尼大學的歷史
Early history - from the "Hohe Schule" to the Academy (1500-1834)
The foundations of the University of Bern were laid in the 16th century, when the Reformation made it necessary for new priests to be educated in a higher education establishment. In 1805, as part of the reorganization of higher education, the Bern government converted the former School of Theology into an Academy with four faculties. Thus, not only ministers but also lawyers and physicians could complete their entire education in Bern.
The old university - new beginnings and growth (1834-1900)
In the struggles between Conservatives and Liberals during the regeneration, 1831 saw the Liberals gain victory in the Canton of Bern. Under their administration, the Academy was transformed into a university in 1834. 45 lecturers provided education to 167 students. The new administration relied upon loyal public officials and academics and so, to begin with, entry requirements were kept to a minimum. This also enabled people from other social classes to gain access to higher education. Because of the political situation, higher education institutions could only develop more steadily after the federal state was established in 1848. In 1885, the number of students exceeded 500 for the first time and by the turn-of-the-century, this figure had already doubled. As a result, the University of Bern was Switzerland's largest university at that time. Foreign students were responsible for the rapid growth. They formed half of the student population, most of them coming from Germany and Russia. They included female Russian students, who broke new ground for women's studies after 1870.
早期歷史1500-1834 ：從神學院到大學院
伯爾尼大學成立于16世紀。當時，宗教改革使得新的牧師有必要在高等教育機構中接受教育。1805年，作為認可高等教育的一項舉措，伯爾尼政府將原先的神學院擴展到四個學院。這樣一來，不僅牧師，律師和內科醫(yī)生也可以在伯爾尼接受完整的高等教育。
1834-1900：新的開始和成長
在保守派與自由派的斗爭中，自由派于1831年在伯爾尼獲得了勝利。在自由派的治理下，大學院于1834年升格為大學。45位講師為167名學生授課。由于自由派的領導依賴于忠誠的政府官員和專業(yè)學者，因此剛開始的時候，伯爾尼大學的入學要求放得很低。這也讓其他社會階層的學生有了機會接受高等教育。鑒于當時的政治處境，瑞士的高等教育機構在聯(lián)邦州于1848年成立之后只能追求更穩(wěn)健地發(fā)展。1885年，伯爾尼大學的學生人數首次超過5百，當世紀之交，學生人數已經翻了兩倍。這樣，伯爾尼大學在那時就已成了瑞士最大的大學。促成伯爾尼大學快速成長的還有留學生。留學生占了半數，其中大部分都來自德國和俄國。留學生中有俄國女學生，他們在1870年之后為女性研究取得的新突破做出了貢獻。
The new university - relocation and consolidation (1900-1950)
In parallel to the City of Bern's prosperity, the end of the 19th century saw the expansion of the higher education institution. The L?nggass district was now home to various new university departments: consequently, in 1903, the new main building was officially opened on the Grosse Schanze. The number of faculties also increased. In 1874, the Faculty of Independent Catholic Theology was opened as a reaction to the papal dogma of infallibility. The natural and social sciences, already drifting apart, separated in 1921 into the Faculty of Science and Humanities. In 1908/09, three personalities were responsible for eventful times at the University of Bern. In 1908, Albert Einstein began teaching theoretical physics for three semesters. In the following year, the Russian philosopher Anna Tumarkin was appointed as a professor and, consequently, the first lecturer in Europe able to accept doctoral and professorial students. And in 1909, the surgeon Theodor Kocher received the Nobel Prize for medicine. In subsequent years, Bern consolidated its position as a small cantonal higher education institution with around 2000 students.
1900-1950：搬遷與鞏固
與伯爾尼市的繁榮并行的，是19世紀末伯爾尼高等教育機構的擴展。 L?nggass 區(qū)這個時候已有了好幾個新的大學部門。結果是，到1903年，新建的主教學樓已在Grosse Schanze開放。與此同時，教師的人數也在增加。1874年，作為對教皇無誤論的回應，獨立天主教神學院開放。已經分道揚鑣的自然科學和社會科學則在1921年形成了科學學院和人文學院。1908年到1909年間，三位著名人物進入了伯爾尼大學的校史。1908年，愛因斯坦開始在伯爾尼大學教授理論物理學(為期三個學期)。次年，俄國哲學家安娜圖馬金被任命為教授。他因此成為歐洲第一位有能力招收博士生和教授生的講師。1909年，外科醫(yī)生柯赫爾獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎。在往后的幾年里，伯爾尼大學鞏固了其作為小型州級高等教育機構的位置，有了大約2千名學生。
The modern university - expansion and organization (1950-2000)
The 1950s saw increased demand for the enlargement of the academic and technical sector of education. There were already 5000 students at the university in 1968, who were also widely spread across different locations. This rapid growth forced a revision of the University Law. A solution was only found when a partially revised law was passed in 1989. The results included a new Executive Board of the University of Bern with a term of office of several years for the Rector and Vice-Rectors and the formation of interfaculty institutions. In 1996, a modern and fully revised University Law came into force. This transformed the University of Bern from a management department run by the Minister of Education into an autonomous institution and a separate legal entity. The Law also resulted in a service agreement between the higher education institution and the state, which clearly defined responsibilities. In 1992, the university exceeded another milestone as student numbers increased to more than 10,000.
1950-2000：擴展與組織
20世紀50年代見證了教育領域學術與技術部門需求的增加。1968年，伯爾尼大學已有5千名學生，這些學生廣泛地分布于各地。學生人數的快速增長迫使大學法律作出了修改。1989年，作為當時唯一的解決策略，伯爾尼大學通過了局部修改的大學法律。根據修改的法律，伯爾尼大學成立了新的執(zhí)行委員會和校長和副校長辦公室以及跨學院機構。1996年，現代化的經過全面修改的大學法誕生了。這部法律使得伯爾尼大學從教育局下屬部門升格成了一所自治的大學，成了獨立的法人實體。此外，這部新法律導致了高等教育與州之間的服務協(xié)議的誕生。服務協(xié)議明確規(guī)定了雙方的責任。1992年，伯爾尼大學來到了另一座里程碑，學生人數超過了1萬。
Today's university - Bologna reform and reorganization (from 2000)
The Bologna Declaration heralded the era of ECTS points and bachelor's and master's degrees. Research focuses, such as Climate Sciences, were strategically specified and cooperations across the university were encouraged. The faculties within the university regrouped. In 2001, the Catholic and the Evangelical Faculties of Theology joined to become the Faculty of Theology. In contrast, the Faculty of Law and Economics split into two separate faculties. In 2005, Psychology, Education and Sport Science merged to become the Faculty of Human Sciences. In 2009, the University of Bern celebrated its 175th anniversary by putting on more than 50 events for the wider public. In the summer of 2010, the partially revised University Law was passed. As a result, the Senate can also have its say regarding members of the Executive Board of the University of Bern together with the governing council and can make its own selection of full professors on the Executive Board of the University of Bern, on its own account and separately from the state.
2000年至今：改革與重組
《博洛尼亞宣言》預示了ECTS 、學士學位和碩士學位時代的到來。氣候科學等重點研究在戰(zhàn)略上得到了特別規(guī)定，大學間的合作也得到了倡導。大學內部的學院被重組。2001年，天主教和福音派神學學院合并，形成神學院。法律與經濟學院則相反，分離成了兩個學院。2005年，心理學院、教育學院和體育科學學院合并，形成人文科學學院。2009年，伯爾尼大學慶祝建校175周年，為廣大公眾舉行了50多個活動。2010年夏，局部修改的大學法通過。根據這個法律，參議院同管理委員會一起，在伯爾尼大學執(zhí)行委員會成員構成中有了發(fā)言權，有權選出自己的正教授擔任執(zhí)行委員會成員，獨立于州。