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2021考研英語：新題型的解題規(guī)律(二)
一、題型特點(diǎn)
1. 排序題：對7-8個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行排序，其中2-3個(gè)段落已給出。
2. 七選五：共5個(gè)空，在6，7個(gè)選項(xiàng)里以補(bǔ)充完整5空。
二、基本方法
無論是哪一種形式都側(cè)重上下文內(nèi)容邏輯關(guān)系的識(shí)別。因此總的解題策略：流覽各段首尾句，首抓關(guān)鍵信息。
三、解題原則之復(fù)現(xiàn)
所謂的復(fù)現(xiàn)指的是相關(guān)解題信息的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。復(fù)現(xiàn)涉及到原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同義、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)以及反義復(fù)現(xiàn)等。掌握這種解題方法，能夠幫助我們迅速解題。
【2010年】
[B]①Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. ②Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limit success, and expansion abroad. ③But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard：the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.
[F] ①For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. ②Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.
【分析】 [F]選項(xiàng)中首句中的wholesale food and drink和[B]選項(xiàng)中最后一句話的the wholesale food and drink形成原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。
【2012年】
①Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. ②The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on. ③ (45)
[G]The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.
【分析】 [G] 選項(xiàng)中the flow與45題前flowing形成同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。
2021考研英語：新題型的解題規(guī)律(一)
一、解題原則之代詞指代
代詞常指代前文中出現(xiàn)過的名詞，當(dāng)某個(gè)選項(xiàng)句首或句尾出現(xiàn)代詞時(shí)，要格外敏感，通過找指代，可以迅速的把兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)連在一起。
【2010年考研英語新題型】
[D] ①All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale, existing infrastructure, and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. ②Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits there by. ③At least, that is how it looks as a whole. ④Closer inspection reveals import differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. ⑤Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. ⑥New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.
[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retails and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.
【分析】2010年試題的新題型考查的是排序題。 [G] 選項(xiàng)的句首的these requirements與[D]選項(xiàng)最后一句are needed too 形成照應(yīng)的關(guān)系。
【2012年考研英語新題型】
①For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. ②Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. ③(44)
[F] One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium - television - and television is defined by downloading.
【分析】 2012年試題的新題型考查的是七選五。[F] 選項(xiàng)首句出現(xiàn)了this pyramid of production. “this”這個(gè)明顯的指示代詞，說明前面會(huì)出現(xiàn)pyramid of production。44題前文中則出現(xiàn)了a pyramid of production。此時(shí)形成一種明顯的照應(yīng)關(guān)系。
【2012年考研英語新題型】
①All animals download, but only a few upload. ②Beavers build dams and birds make nests. ③Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. ④Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods --- paintings, sculpture and architecture --- and superfluous experiences --- music, literature, religion and philosophy. ⑤(43)
[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.
【分析】 [A]選項(xiàng)句首出現(xiàn)了 these superfluous things。these這個(gè)明顯的指示代詞前，一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)superfluous相關(guān)的表達(dá)。在43空前出現(xiàn)了superfluous material goods和superfluous experiences，這就形式照應(yīng)的關(guān)系。
2021考研英語：如何新題型的正確率?
英語中的新題型，因?yàn)樗种涤中?，又有一定的難度，所以大部分人都選擇放棄。但是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)階段大家不能放棄，這未來的幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間里，說不準(zhǔn)會(huì)發(fā)生什么樣的奇跡!其實(shí)新題型它沒有大家想象的那么恐怖，只要平時(shí)多加練習(xí)并掌握一定的答題技巧，在新題型上大家還是可以得到一個(gè)滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)。
一、新題型的三種類型
1.排序題(5選5)
這種題是將一篇500詞左右的文章原有順序打亂，要求大家根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)將所列段落(7-8個(gè))重新排序。其中有2-3個(gè)段落在文章中的位置已經(jīng)給出。排序題的閱讀量比閱讀理解A節(jié)中的文章長一些，并且各段落沒有按順序排列，給閱讀造成了很大的障礙。
2.7選5
7選5實(shí)際上是一種特殊的完型填空題，把一篇500詞左右文章的五個(gè)地方挖空，要求大家根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容從給出的6-7段文字中選擇能分別放進(jìn)文章中5個(gè)空白處的5段。這類題文章閱讀難度大，一個(gè)空填錯(cuò)勢會(huì)影響到對另外一個(gè)空的選擇。
3.小標(biāo)題匹配(6選5)
這類題是在一篇長度為500詞的文章中有6-7段文字或6-7個(gè)概括句或小標(biāo)題，這些文字或標(biāo)題分別是對文章中某一部分的概括、闡述或舉例。要求大家根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，從這6-7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)?段文字或5個(gè)標(biāo)題填入文章的空白處。這一題型主要考查大家區(qū)分論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)，把握論點(diǎn)論據(jù)一致性的能力。
二、各類題型做題技巧
無論是哪一種題型，都比較注重上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，都有相應(yīng)的做題技巧，整體的做題思路也有。
1.常見文章邏輯關(guān)系
并列遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：標(biāo)志詞匯有and，indeed，also，besides，similarly，accordingly，inthesameway，meanwhile，moreover等
轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：標(biāo)志詞有but，yet，although，however，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，instead等
當(dāng)然還有因果關(guān)系、解釋關(guān)系、例證關(guān)系、定義關(guān)系等，其它的幫幫就不一一列舉了。
2.排序題和7選5題型
著重考察文章結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系，大家在這兩種類型的文章中要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的一些名詞、代詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞，它們往往是破解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵，大家要多多注意這些問題。小標(biāo)題匹配題(6選5)主要考察大家的總結(jié)概括能力，標(biāo)題中的關(guān)鍵詞往往與對應(yīng)文段中的關(guān)鍵詞重合度高，或者是相關(guān)同義詞、近義詞等。
大家做題時(shí)可先速讀文章，弄清除文章大意，然后根據(jù)句子的大意找到正確的匹配文章，再進(jìn)行閱讀文章，了解文章前后信息，尋找相關(guān)的句子，最后反復(fù)挑選之后填入空格，自己讀一遍，確保文章意思連貫。
三、利用試題進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練
進(jìn)行試題練習(xí)，每天拿出一套試題練習(xí)，效果很不錯(cuò)的。要注意嚴(yán)格按照考試時(shí)間進(jìn)行練習(xí)，備好兩種顏色的筆，把自己不會(huì)的或者做錯(cuò)的題標(biāo)注出來，以方便之后專門鉆研。或者說建立錯(cuò)題記錄本也是可以的啦!
其實(shí)考研的復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備工作，不在于不準(zhǔn)備的有多早，你準(zhǔn)備的就算再早，你的效率不高，也是無濟(jì)于事。而且戰(zhàn)線拉的過長還容易打消積極性，磨掉自己的耐心。所以在考研的準(zhǔn)備上，比的不是誰開始的早，而是比的誰的復(fù)習(xí)效率高。所以，同學(xué)們，一但進(jìn)入復(fù)習(xí)狀態(tài)，就要堅(jiān)持下去，不要三天打漁兩天曬網(wǎng)，那樣做只會(huì)浪費(fèi)你寶貴的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間。