考研英語(yǔ)備考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是該注意的，下面由出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)小編為你精心準(zhǔn)備了“2021考研英語(yǔ)：備考同義詞的匯總”，持續(xù)關(guān)注本站將可以持續(xù)獲取更多的考試資訊!
2021考研英語(yǔ)：備考同義詞的匯總
永恒：eternal、permanent、everlasting
謀生：earn one’s living、make one’s living、live off
值得尊敬：worthy、respectable(區(qū)別：respective分別)
遵守：comply with、conform to, observe, abide by
管理：governance(government政府)、management、administration
鼓勵(lì)、促使：cheer、encourage、motivate、prompt
脆弱：vulnerable、weak、feeble、fragile(脆的，易碎的)、susceptible(易受影響的=subject to)
考慮到：given, considering, in view of, with a view to
抓住：grasp、capture、seize(區(qū)別：size尺寸)
主張：claim(區(qū)別：acclaim歡呼、稱贊)、proclaim、remark、advocate、allegation、comment、review(評(píng)論), argue, hold, assume
智力：wisdom、intelligence、wit
部分：component、portion、element、proportion、percentage, section
直覺(jué)的，本能的：intuitive, instinctive
提升：lift、elevate, promote
承認(rèn)：admit、acknowledge, recognize
探測(cè)：detect、investigation, probe, explore
獲得：gain、acquire、achieve、fetch、obtain
高估：overestimate、overrate、overvalue (區(qū)別：overlook忽視)
培養(yǎng)：nurture(區(qū)別：nature自然)、foster、cultivate
懷疑：skeptical、suspicious, doubtful
奇怪：weird、odd、peculiar、strange, queer
模糊：dim、vague、obscure、loom, indistinct, fuzzy
收入：salary、pay、wage、income、revenue、gain、earning
津貼：subsidy、pension、allowance、grant(撥款)
高貴：noble、royal(區(qū)別：loyal忠誠(chéng)), dignity, privilege
挑出：single out、sort out、pick out
限制：limit、restrict、constrict、discipline、confine、hold back、scale back、curb on
利用：usable、available、applicable
use &rarr utilize、adopt、take、employ、apply
偏見：bias、prejudice、discrimination、inequality
組成：consist of、be made from/of、include (exclude)、constitute、
發(fā)行：issue、release、distribute、launch
結(jié)束：fulfill、finish、accomplish、carry out、achieve、complete
能力：ability、capability、potential, power
交易：deal、trade、exchange、transaction
以前：previous、former、latter、prior to(priority優(yōu)先 &rarr primary初級(jí)的、重要的 &rarr primitive原始的)
加強(qiáng)：promote、facilitate、enhance、strengthen、reinforce, aggravate
前景：prospect、future、expectation、outlook
保守：conservative(conservation保存)、traditional、custom，激進(jìn)：radical
顧客：customer、client、consumer、guest
謙卑：humble， modest
告示：announcement、notice、poster、bulletin、report
想象： visualize , imagine, suppose, envision,
會(huì)議：conference、meeting、convention
引用：cite、illustrate(舉例說(shuō)明=exemplify)、quote
拒絕：reject、refuse、turn down、decline
保留：preserve、reserve, retain, persist
公平：fairness、impartial, justice, equality
同伴：partner、companion, peer, colleague
保護(hù)：protect、guard、safeguard、defend(defendant辯護(hù)，被告)、shield(區(qū)別：yield產(chǎn)出，屈服)
生產(chǎn)：yield、manufacturer、generate, produce
暫停、延期：suspend、phase back、put off、stop、postpone、delayed
信息：information、message、data、figure、statistics
公司：enterprise、firm、company、corporation(區(qū)別：cooperation合作)
故意：deliberately、intentionally、purposely、on/in purpose
吸引：appeal (吸引、呼吁、起訴appeal to)、attract、fascinate、tempt(區(qū)別：contempt蔑視)， absorb
有希望的：promising、hopeful、brightening
對(duì)手：rival、equal、comparative、competitor、opponent、adversary, enemy
滅亡：perish、die (out)、extinguish(distinguish區(qū)別)
消失：disappear、vanish、diminish(減少)、gone
方法：ways、means、approach、solution、remedy(補(bǔ)救措施)、measure
財(cái)產(chǎn)：estate、real estate(房地產(chǎn))、property、asset
放棄：abandon、give up、desert(區(qū)別：dessert甜點(diǎn))
悲觀：pessimistic，negative, 樂(lè)觀：optimistic，active, positive
地區(qū)：regions、scope、range、sphere
2021考研英語(yǔ)指導(dǎo)： That從句的用法
一、that 用作指示代詞
(復(fù)數(shù)形式是those)，其指代意義同形容詞用法，同時(shí)它還可以用作定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞還可為了避免重復(fù)，代替前述名詞。
That is what he told me.
What is that (which) you have got in your hand?
The price of rice is higher than that of flour.
二、that 用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句
先行詞可人可物，用法相當(dāng)于who或which。(但是在下列情況下多用that：先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)先行詞有形容詞高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞、不定代詞、very，only等修飾時(shí)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí))
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has ever produced.
She has little information that is useful for our research.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
請(qǐng)注意，that 在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)通?？墒÷?。
The books (that) I sent you will help you in your studies.
三、that 用作連詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,狀語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1. that名詞性從句。
①引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。及物動(dòng)詞后的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略。
I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship.
The teacher pointed out that tom was not working hard enough.
② 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。通常采用it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型。
That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.
(It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.)
③引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
④引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。
引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that和引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是不同的。前者只起語(yǔ)法作用，在從句中不作任何成分而后者在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。舉例說(shuō)明：
The news that he resigned from office surprised us.
The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus.
2. that引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句
①引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。
Bring it nearer that I may see it better.
②引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
What have I done that he should be so angry with me?
③引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.
④引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“雖然、盡管”。
Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.
⑤引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“假使、假設(shè)”。
Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?
On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.
3. 引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
It is Mrs. white that makes the decision in her family, not her meek little husband.
It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.
四、that用作副詞
1. that用作普通副詞。
I was that/so angry I could have hit him.
2. that用作關(guān)系副詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，可以代替when，where，why或 in which，?？墒÷?。
I will never forget the evening (that) / when we went to the theatre.
The house (that)/where I used to live has been knocked down.
五、與that 有關(guān)的常見重要短語(yǔ)
1. in that，意為“既然、因?yàn)椤薄?BR> Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us correct our mistakes.
2. now that，意為“既然、由于”。
Now that they have taken matters their hands, the pace of events has quickened.
3. see (to it) that，意為“注意、務(wù)必做到、保證”。
We will see to it that she gets home early.
See to it that you are not late again.
4. seeing that，意為“鑒于、由于”。
Seeing that it is 8 o'clock, we'll wait no longer.
Seeing that he was busy with his work, I didn't disturb him.
2021考研英語(yǔ)：備考句型之主語(yǔ)解析
主語(yǔ)是執(zhí)行句子的行為或動(dòng)作的主體，如“我喜歡小狗”中的“我”，就是主語(yǔ)，它做出“喜歡”這個(gè)動(dòng)作。而“小狗”又是喜歡這個(gè)動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，因此我們可以認(rèn)為由主語(yǔ)引出動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作引出動(dòng)作的承受者。
那么我們對(duì)主語(yǔ)有了一個(gè)初步的認(rèn)識(shí)，主語(yǔ)就是執(zhí)行句子行為或動(dòng)作的主體。那么這個(gè)主體都可以由哪些成分來(lái)充當(dāng)呢?我們可以從以下三個(gè)宏觀的方面來(lái)分類，即詞、短語(yǔ)、句子。
一、從詞的角度來(lái)講，可以作主語(yǔ)的有
1. 最常見的名詞(名稱)，例如桌子、樹木、學(xué)生、常識(shí)等人或物。他們作主語(yǔ)的情況占了大多數(shù)。例如：
句1：Jenny takes care of his mother.
這個(gè)句子中的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是Jenny，即為主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為某個(gè)人，是一個(gè)名詞。
2. 可以作主語(yǔ)的還有代詞。若我講句1中的Jenny用代詞指代一下，變成she，那么句子就變成了：
句2：She takes care of her mother.
這個(gè)句子中的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是she，即為主語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閟he指代的是Jenny， 仍然為某個(gè)人，所以歸屬在名詞當(dāng)中。
3. 有時(shí)數(shù)詞也可以作主語(yǔ)。例如：
句3: Nine is my lucky number.
在這句話中，nine 放在系動(dòng)詞 is 前面充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以數(shù)詞也是可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。
從詞類角度分析，主語(yǔ)就包括以上幾點(diǎn)，名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞，實(shí)際上同學(xué)們可以把這些詞類統(tǒng)稱為名詞性質(zhì)的詞。
二、短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，其中包括兩類
1. 動(dòng)名詞加賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，例如：
句4：Taking care of his father is Danny’s job.
在這句話中taking care of his father 作了主語(yǔ)，屬于動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。
2. 不定式作主語(yǔ)，To do 可以作除了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之外的任何成分，當(dāng)然主語(yǔ)也不例外了。例如：
句5：To take care of his father is Danny’s responsibility.
在這句中to take care of his father為不定式短語(yǔ)，在句子作了主語(yǔ)的成分。
最后，句子也可以做主語(yǔ)，那么主語(yǔ)的位置上是一個(gè)句子，這個(gè)句子就被叫做主語(yǔ)從句。
雖然說(shuō)判斷主語(yǔ)還有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的方法，就是尋找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所在，那么動(dòng)詞前的成分都是主語(yǔ)，但是這種方法不是百試百靈，因?yàn)橹髦^之間有時(shí)可能摻雜其他修飾成分，建議同學(xué)們對(duì)什么成分能夠作主語(yǔ)有一些基本的了解，這樣才能快速定位主語(yǔ)。