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2021考研英語：必考核心詞匯練習五
Demonstrate
V.論證，證實;演示，說明
【例】Experimental data are used to illustrate the application techniques as well as to demonstrate the validity of the approach.試驗數(shù)據(jù)用來說明應用技術，并驗證這個方法的有效性。
【構詞】de-(加強)+monstr(表示)+-ate(做)→加強表示→演示，說明
【同義替換】prove, confirm
【派生】demonstration n.論證，證實;演示，說明
【真題】Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
Alvarez的經歷表明，要在壓力威脅到你的健康和機能之前找到方法疏導它，這一點很重要。
Rival
N.競爭者，對手 v.競爭，對抗 a.競爭的
【例】This theoretical question is the subject of two rival doctrines.這一理論問題是兩個對立學派爭論的焦點。
【構詞】riv(河)+-al →兩人隔河相望 →對手，競爭者
【同義替換】competitor, opponent, adversary, match
【派生】rivalry n.競爭
【真題】Later, more established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch.
隨后，更多的老牌公司爭先恐后地將此類專利權收入自己的囊中，僅作為防范競爭對手的一種措施，以免被對手搶得先機。
Rigid
A.剛性的;刻板的;嚴厲的
【例】We fixed a rigid metal bar for hanging clothes.我們裝了一根堅硬的金屬桿來掛衣服。
【構詞】rig(剛硬)+id →剛性的;刻板的
【同義替換】stiff, inflexible, mechanical; strict, stern, severe, rigorous, stringent
【派生】rigidly ad.堅硬地;嚴格地 rigidness n.堅硬;嚴格
【真題】The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of woman into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
戰(zhàn)后嬰兒出生高峰期的到來及婦女進入男性主宰的就業(yè)市場，限制了青少年的發(fā)展機遇，這些青少年已經開始質疑為了進好學校、找好工作、攀登日本等級森嚴的社會階梯，他們所做出的沉重的個人犧牲是否值得。