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2020考研英語：大綱詞匯背誦任務(wù)16
ensure 保證,擔(dān)保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success
diminish 減少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.
diplomat 外交家，外交官，圓滑的人：a career diplomat
discard 丟棄，拋棄：discard an old pair of shoes
discern 看出，覺察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.
disclose 揭露，透露，使公開：disclose information to sb.
discharge 釋放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.
discount 把(價格，費用等)打折扣，削價出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid
when due.
discriminate 區(qū)別，辨別：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.
disgrace 丟臉，恥辱：bring disgrace on oneself
entertain 給。。。娛樂,使有興趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks
entitle 給。。。權(quán)利,給。。。資格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents
equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness
erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks
erect 豎直的,垂直的,豎起的:an erect tree
erupt (火山,噴泉等)噴發(fā):The volcano is due to erupt any day
essence 本質(zhì),實質(zhì),要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness
eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths
evaluate 估價,評價:evaluate property
evaporate (使)蒸發(fā),(使)揮發(fā):Heats evaporate water
exaggerate 夸張,夸大,對…言過其實:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate
exceed 超出,勝過:Her performance exceeded all the others
external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease
descend 下來，下降：Darkness descended too soon.
extract取出,提取:extract a confession
extravagant奢侈的,浪費的:be extravagant in one’s way of living
fabricate 建造,制造:The finest craftsmen fabricated this clock
facilitate使變得(更)容易,使便利:Such a port would facilitate the passage of oil from the Middle
East to Japan
fade (顏色)褪去:The color in this material will not fade
faint不清楚的,模糊的,微弱的:a faint idea
fancy想象力:Children usually have a lively fancy
fare車費,船費,飛機票價:full (half) fare
divorce 離婚，分離，脫離：sue for a divorce
dominate 分配，統(tǒng)治：a white dominated society
donate 捐贈，贈送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.
doom 命運，厄運，劫數(shù)：His doom was to be poverty.
doze 打瞌睡，打盹兒：The old lady dozed in her armchair.
drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool
dread 怕，畏懼:I dread to think of what may happen.
drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.
dubious 引起懷疑的，不確定的：a dubious reply
due 欠款的，應(yīng)支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.
dump 傾倒，傾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.
duplicate 完全一樣的，復(fù)制的：a duplicate key
excess 超越,超過:an excess of supply over demand
execute 實行,實施,執(zhí)行,履行:execute a plan
exemplify 例示,舉例證明,是…的例證(或榜樣等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word
exert 用力,盡力:exert all one’s strength
2020考研英語：大綱詞匯背誦任務(wù)15
avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?
average 平均數(shù)，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
avert 擋開，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.
ban (以官方明令)禁止，取締 He was banned from entering the city.
bang (突發(fā)的) sudden loud bang
cast 投，扔，拋，撒，擲 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme contempt
輕視,輕蔑:show a contempt for sb
contest競賽,比賽,競爭:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract
合同,契約:enter into(make)a contact with
contradict反駁,同….相矛盾,同….相抵觸:The facts contradict his theory
defy 公然違抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.
degenerate 衰退，墮落，變壞(into): Her eyesight degenerated with the years.
deliberate 慎重的，深思熟慮的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.
denote 表示，是。。。的標(biāo)志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.
correspond相符合相稱(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation
correspondent通信者,通訊員,記者:a good(bad)correspondent
corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints
compact 緊密的，堅實的 a compact piece of luggage
compare 比較，對照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible 能和睦相處的，合的來的 You should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.
detain 留住，擔(dān)擱：be detained by business.
detect (當(dāng)場)發(fā)現(xiàn)(某人在干壞事):detect a student cheating
deteriorate (使)惡化,(使)變壞,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.
deviate 背離，偏離：deviate from the rule
devote 將...獻(xiàn)給(to):Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.
compile 匯編，編制 compile an anthology of poems
comply 遵從，順從，服從 comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose 組成，構(gòu)成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
compress 壓縮 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences
comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise 妥協(xié)，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.
confront (使)面臨，(使)遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.
crucial 決定性的，關(guān)鍵性的：a crucial decision
cue 提示，暗號，信號：throw cues to sb
cultivate耕作，栽培，養(yǎng)殖：cultivate vegetables
differentiate 使不同，使有差別，區(qū)分，區(qū)別：differentiate varieties of plants
diffuse 擴(kuò)散(氣體，液體等)：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.
disgust 厭惡，惡心：feel disgust for bad odors
disperse 分散，驅(qū)散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas
displace 移動。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters
dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display
disregard 不理會，不顧：Disregard the noise and keep working
distinct 有區(qū)別的，不同的：Three distinct types of people
distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或with)pain
distract 使轉(zhuǎn)向：be distracted from one’s original purpose
distribute 分配，分發(fā)：distribute the prizes among the winners
eliminate排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man
elite出類拔萃的人(或物),精華:the elite of the society
eloquent雄辯的,口才流利的,有說服力的:an eloquent spokesman
embark上船(或飛機,汽車等):embark for Europe at New York harbor
embody使具體化,表現(xiàn):embody principles in actions
embrace擁抱:She embraced her son tenderly
enlighten 啟發(fā),使擺脫偏見(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future?
enroll 吸收(成員),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year
2020英語考研：常用詞匯例題解析(13)
process，常用作名詞“過程，進(jìn)程，工序，法律(程序)”，但是這個單詞在中的考察角度，不僅僅局限于此。Process還可以用作一個動詞使用，那么其動詞含義也就是這個詞名詞的動詞化引申義&mdash&mdash“處理，加工”，一件產(chǎn)品，在經(jīng)歷一個個過程、進(jìn)程、工序的過程中，就是這個產(chǎn)品在被加工處理著嘛。
例1：2007&mdashText1：Good memory depends on meaningful processing of information.
良好的記憶力取決于對信息的有意義的處理。
例2：2007&mdash新題型：process information in a passive way
以一種消極的方式處理信息
例3：2009&mdashText2：the company that processes the results
處理這些結(jié)果的公司
scholarship是同學(xué)們都希望得到的，知道這個單詞的意思是獎學(xué)金。但是這個單詞在中出現(xiàn)的意思可不僅僅這么局限于錢，總提錢，多俗啊。它還有“學(xué)問，學(xué)識”的含義。我們有例句為證：
例：2014&mdashText4：Maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.
保持國家在人文學(xué)科和社會科學(xué)知識及教育方面的優(yōu)越性。
在這個句子當(dāng)中，scholarship的意思就是知識的意思。
account這個單詞，有的一說。因為這個單詞的用法比較靈活。我們在初高中的時候，學(xué)習(xí)的這個單詞的含義是“賬戶，賬目”，由這個賬戶賬目，進(jìn)行引申，在賬目或者賬戶中，某一金額“占”多少比例，并對這一賬目，進(jìn)行“說明”。這些都是這個單詞我們相對來說比較熟悉的含義，當(dāng)然了，有些同學(xué)們還是感覺這些意思也有的不熟悉，那么，老師要求大家，這個詞的這些含義，可得全部掌握。然后我們才能談這個單詞的熟詞僻義。那么以下的這些熟詞僻義，雖說是這個詞的生僻含義，但是實際上，這些意思也尤為重要，為什么這么說呢，我們來看以下的例句，在例句中，這些最熟悉的陌生人，總是影響著我們對于整句話的理解。
例1：2009&mdashText4：He left an account of his reasons for leaving England.
他留下了一個他離開英格蘭理由的描述。
例2：2010&mdash完型：according to accounts of the experiments
根據(jù)實驗的描述
例3：2010(2)&mdashText2：a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk
一個關(guān)于新書《離婚對話》的生動描述
在這些句子中，這個我們非常熟悉的詞，卻表達(dá)著生僻的含義。