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2021考研英語：作文素材之環(huán)境類
一、霧霾 haze
The market for dust masks and air purifiers is booming in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze .
近幾日北京持續(xù)被濃重霧霾籠罩，市場上防塵口罩和空氣凈化器的銷量劇增。
工業(yè)化 industrialization
I think nobody will disagree ( that ) pollution is a by-product of industrialization .
污染是工業(yè)化的一個副產(chǎn)品，我想沒人會不同意這看法的。
空氣污染指數(shù) air pollution index
The annual average of the air pollution index ( API ) showed a decrease tendency in recent 3 years , and put forward the air pollution preventing and curing countermeasures .
空氣污染指數(shù)(API)年平均值近三年間均有下降趨勢，并針對空氣污染提出了相應整改措施。
橙色預警 orange alert
The Central Station ( CMS ) yesterday morning extended the warning of a strong cold spell and snowstorms by issuing an orange alert , the second-highest level .
中央氣象臺昨天上午發(fā)布了強冷空氣和暴雪預警，將預警級別提高到了二級橙色預警級別。
懸浮顆粒物 airborne particulate matter
Long-term exposure to airborne particulate matter reduces lung function and increases the risk of getting lung cancer .
長期暴露于空氣中的浮粒污染物可引致浮粒滯留在肺中，并減低肺功能及增加肺癌的風險。
有毒物質(zhì) toxic substance
Nicotine is one of key factors related to tobacco quality and a toxic substance in environment , in fact , nicotine is the major harmful ingredient in wastewater and tobacco waste .
尼古丁是影響煙葉品質(zhì)的重要因素之一，也是一種環(huán)境有毒物質(zhì)，是煙草工業(yè)廢水和煙草廢棄物中的主要有害成分。
空氣質(zhì)量檢測 air quality monitoring
All large and medium-sized Chinese cities will have greater air quality monitoring by 2010 .
截止到2010年前，我國所有大、中城市的空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)督機制將會再邁上一個臺階。
有害空氣污染物 hazardous airborne pollutant
污濁的空氣 foul air
City dwellers inhale foul air .
城市居民吸進污濁的空氣。
防塵口罩 anti-dust gauze mask
能見度低 low visibility
It reported that heavy fog and low visibility were prolonging the encounter .
報導說，大霧和能見度很低延長了這次沖突的時間。
機動車尾氣塵 vehicle exhaust
Gasoline service stations and motor vehicle exhaust also release benzene .
汽油加油站和機動車的尾氣也釋放苯。
乘客滯留 passengers stranded
A huge number of flights have been delayed or cancelled , nearly three hundred in Beijing alone , leaving thousands of passengers stranded .
許多航班已經(jīng)被延遲或取消，單單在北京就有近300班，數(shù)千名乘客滯留。
釋放、泄漏有害氣體和液體 discharge/ let out/ leak/ pour out harmful gases and liquids
On the other hand , a host of newly-built factories continue to discharge harmful gases and liquids , which seriously pollute the environment .
另一方面，許多新建的工廠繼續(xù)排放嚴重污染環(huán)境的有害氣體和液體。
二、環(huán)境類范文
Here is a picture, interesting but with profound implication. As is vividly depicted in the photo, there is severe air pollution, which successfully captures our eyes. After a close watch, it is not difficult to find that human are working together to fight it. Apparently, what the drawing has subtly conveyed is supposed to be given further analysis.
A conclusion could be drawn from the picture: we human should work together to solve the pollution issue. And my words are based upon the following two reasons. On the top of the list is that air pollution has become common in our country and individuals have no enough strength to cope with it. In addition, there is the other point that no one can ignore. It is universally admitted that pollution is the result of neglect of the general public and government, and it has resulted in severe loss in economy.
According to the analysis above, it is advisable for us to take steps to cultivate this life attitude. Of all the steps, mass media may play a major role in solving this problem.
2021考研英語：作文素材之思考進步類
一、善于思考、打破教條、考慮現(xiàn)狀
Likewise, dogmatic beliefs, inconsistent with (與…不符)empirical reality, would impede individuals from (阻礙)achieving their goals.
同理，與經(jīng)驗現(xiàn)實不符的教條觀念會阻礙人們打成目標。
To break from the blinkered (思想狹隘的)mindset of dogmatism, one should tune into (注意，了解)what’s going on and keep in rhythm with (保持與…節(jié)奏一致)changes in daily living.
要打破教條主義的狹隘思想，就要了解周遭正發(fā)生著什么，與日常生活中的變化保持節(jié)奏一致。
Meanwhile, it is imperative to approach alternative views with an open mind rather than becoming a prisoner of your own myopic (目光短淺的)mental model.
同時，須以開放的思想對待各種不同觀點，勿做短淺自我思維之囚。
2021考研英語：作文素材積累之創(chuàng)新
一、創(chuàng)新
Sheer investment of time and energy has become an outdated way of work.
純粹投入時間和精力的工作方式早已過時了。
If we review the history of human civilization, we shall find that pursuit of efficiency is the driving force (推動力)behind many inventions.
如果我們回顧人類文明的歷史，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)追求效率是很多發(fā)明背后的推動力。
A feasible new idea is able to help us greatly save labor and improve efficiency (極大地節(jié)約勞力、提高效率).
一個可行的新想法能幫助我們極大地節(jié)約勞力和提高效率。
Routines are always precious experiences (寶貴的經(jīng)驗), but sometimes we have to break the routine(打破常規(guī)) to find more appropriate ways to be in line with (符合)the actual reality.
慣例常常是寶貴的經(jīng)驗，但有時我們需要打破常規(guī)，尋找更符合現(xiàn)狀的、更恰當?shù)姆绞健?BR> Even the most advanced methods will drop behind (落伍)one day, and even the wisest mind will be the obstacle to new things if it is confined by (受…禁錮) a certain mode.
再先進的方法，終究會有落伍的時候再智慧的頭腦，一旦被一種模式禁錮，也會成為阻撓新事物產(chǎn)生的頑石。
Only when we don’t stick to (拘泥于) inherent routines and be diligent in thinking and innovating can we make a brand new life.
我們只有不拘泥于固有套路，勤于思考，努力創(chuàng)新，才會打造出全新的生活。