2012新GRE閱讀題型之細(xì)節(jié)題全攻略（8）
Except/Not 題
Except/Not 題，顧名思義，就是在題目中出現(xiàn)很明顯的標(biāo)志性的詞語，如except 或者not.它的通常的提問方式是：The author provides following in the passage except…? 從這一提問中，我們可以知道，出題者考查的是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)題的掌握情況，選項(xiàng)中肯定會(huì)有一個(gè)是原文中沒有提到的，而這個(gè)正是正確的答案。其他的選項(xiàng)都是原文中已經(jīng)提到或者列舉出來的。因此，在讀文章的時(shí)候，一定要注意文章中列舉過的事例等，所以，做標(biāo)記就起著至關(guān)重要的作用。
做標(biāo)記的直接目的就是為了定位。一個(gè)人縱然記憶力再好，也不可能將原文中的眾多考點(diǎn)、關(guān)注點(diǎn)記得分毫不差。俗話說的好，“好腦子不如爛筆頭子”，別在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻對(duì)自己盲目自信。有些人可能會(huì)覺得讀文章做標(biāo)記太浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，其實(shí)不然。熟練以后，記一個(gè)考點(diǎn)可以在一秒鐘內(nèi)完成，甚至可以邊讀邊寫，不另外花時(shí)間。但是在沒有任何標(biāo)記的情形下，回到密密麻麻的英文原文鐘定位可就不知道要花多少時(shí)間了。尤其對(duì)于那些專有名詞繁多、觀點(diǎn)繁多、事物之間關(guān)系復(fù)雜的文章來說，不做筆記，即便你找到原文的描述，恐怕也難一時(shí)理清它們的關(guān)系。
特別是在解答Except/Not題中，這類題并不要求考生對(duì)文章有多深的理解，主要是考查考生是否能準(zhǔn)確地在文中定位。遇到Except/Not題，一般地解題步驟是： wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
1.首先在讀文章的時(shí)候，對(duì)文章中的列舉處做出標(biāo)記
2.按照題目，去文章中找做過的標(biāo)記，如果沒有，則
3.找強(qiáng)對(duì)比事物特點(diǎn)的敘述，如果所述問題沒有強(qiáng)對(duì)比對(duì)象，則
4.找原文中對(duì)此敘述曾明確反對(duì)或者沒有提及過的東西。
下面以一個(gè)例子去說明：
Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills. She wished to discard the traditional methods and established vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet and to explore the internal sources of human expressiveness. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated only by internal compulsion. In her recitals Duncan danced to the music of Beethoven, Wagner, and Gluck, among others, but, contrary to popular belief, she made no attempt to visualize or to interpret the music; rather, she simply relied on it to provide the inspiration for expressing inner feelings through movement. She did not regard this use of music as ideal, however, believing that she would someday dispense with music entirely. That day never came.
這篇文章屬于典型的結(jié)論解釋型文章。作者以這句話“Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills.”為開頭，簡明扼要地闡述了自己的結(jié)論，因此，文章的中心句即為首句。作者的結(jié)論是：伊莎多拉?鄧肯關(guān)于舞蹈的高超著作揭示了她想創(chuàng)造一種新型抒情藝術(shù)的決心之深，該藝術(shù)拋棄了人物塑造、故事情節(jié)和戲劇性的技巧表現(xiàn)。后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)作者結(jié)論的解釋說明。掌握的文章的結(jié)構(gòu)框架和行文思路，在解答問題時(shí)就容易些了。
Except/Not 題
Except/Not 題，顧名思義，就是在題目中出現(xiàn)很明顯的標(biāo)志性的詞語，如except 或者not.它的通常的提問方式是：The author provides following in the passage except…? 從這一提問中，我們可以知道，出題者考查的是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)題的掌握情況，選項(xiàng)中肯定會(huì)有一個(gè)是原文中沒有提到的，而這個(gè)正是正確的答案。其他的選項(xiàng)都是原文中已經(jīng)提到或者列舉出來的。因此，在讀文章的時(shí)候，一定要注意文章中列舉過的事例等，所以，做標(biāo)記就起著至關(guān)重要的作用。
做標(biāo)記的直接目的就是為了定位。一個(gè)人縱然記憶力再好，也不可能將原文中的眾多考點(diǎn)、關(guān)注點(diǎn)記得分毫不差。俗話說的好，“好腦子不如爛筆頭子”，別在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻對(duì)自己盲目自信。有些人可能會(huì)覺得讀文章做標(biāo)記太浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，其實(shí)不然。熟練以后，記一個(gè)考點(diǎn)可以在一秒鐘內(nèi)完成，甚至可以邊讀邊寫，不另外花時(shí)間。但是在沒有任何標(biāo)記的情形下，回到密密麻麻的英文原文鐘定位可就不知道要花多少時(shí)間了。尤其對(duì)于那些專有名詞繁多、觀點(diǎn)繁多、事物之間關(guān)系復(fù)雜的文章來說，不做筆記，即便你找到原文的描述，恐怕也難一時(shí)理清它們的關(guān)系。
特別是在解答Except/Not題中，這類題并不要求考生對(duì)文章有多深的理解，主要是考查考生是否能準(zhǔn)確地在文中定位。遇到Except/Not題，一般地解題步驟是： wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
1.首先在讀文章的時(shí)候，對(duì)文章中的列舉處做出標(biāo)記
2.按照題目，去文章中找做過的標(biāo)記，如果沒有，則
3.找強(qiáng)對(duì)比事物特點(diǎn)的敘述，如果所述問題沒有強(qiáng)對(duì)比對(duì)象，則
4.找原文中對(duì)此敘述曾明確反對(duì)或者沒有提及過的東西。
下面以一個(gè)例子去說明：
Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills. She wished to discard the traditional methods and established vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet and to explore the internal sources of human expressiveness. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated only by internal compulsion. In her recitals Duncan danced to the music of Beethoven, Wagner, and Gluck, among others, but, contrary to popular belief, she made no attempt to visualize or to interpret the music; rather, she simply relied on it to provide the inspiration for expressing inner feelings through movement. She did not regard this use of music as ideal, however, believing that she would someday dispense with music entirely. That day never came.
這篇文章屬于典型的結(jié)論解釋型文章。作者以這句話“Isadora Duncan’s masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills.”為開頭，簡明扼要地闡述了自己的結(jié)論，因此，文章的中心句即為首句。作者的結(jié)論是：伊莎多拉?鄧肯關(guān)于舞蹈的高超著作揭示了她想創(chuàng)造一種新型抒情藝術(shù)的決心之深，該藝術(shù)拋棄了人物塑造、故事情節(jié)和戲劇性的技巧表現(xiàn)。后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)作者結(jié)論的解釋說明。掌握的文章的結(jié)構(gòu)框架和行文思路，在解答問題時(shí)就容易些了。