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高三英語知識點綜合訓練2
except for:
指不同類別的事情或性質(zhì)不同的事情,或表示某人/物 在總體上是好的,只是其中的某個細節(jié)或某個環(huán)節(jié)不盡人意
eg.
⑴Except for Li Ming, they are all workers.
除了李明之外,他們都是工人
⑵Everybody except John was able to answer the question.
除了約翰之外,每個人都回答出了問題
⑶The room is empty except for a broken chair. (前后的名詞不同類)
這個房間空空的,只不過有把破椅子
⑷I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.
我對他一無所知,只是知道他來自日本
⑸She goes to school by bike except when it rains.
她騎自行車去上學,除了下雨時不騎
⑹He could do nothing except walk home.(except前若有實義動詞do,則后面接不帶to的不定式)
他只好走著回家了
=He had no choice but to walk home.( except前若沒有實義動詞do,則后面接帶to的不定式)
高考題例:
I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing. (2000上海高考)
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D.besides
分析:
except for與except that同義,但except for后不能接句子,后句"she is from Beijing"是一個完整的陳述句,故用except that連接,that不作成分。
答案:C
*besides: (prep.) "除…之外還有",常與also, else, other等詞連用。如:
⑴Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.
除了網(wǎng)球之外,他還打籃球和踢足球。
⑵I have three other dictionaries besides this one.
除了這本詞典,我還有三本別的詞典。
*besides: (adv.) 此外,而且
⑴I haven't time to see the film-----besides, it's had dreadful reviews.
我沒有時間去看這部影片,再說,影評也諸多貶斥。
⑵I am too busy to go for a walk; besides, it is late.
我太忙不去散步了,而且時候已晚了。
13. with的復合結構 :常在句中作狀語,表示伴隨動作、行為方式及原因、條件或結果等情況。
with + 賓語 +prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do(表示要執(zhí)行的動作)/done(表示動作的完成及被動)
⑴She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)
她經(jīng)常開著窗戶睡覺。
⑵He came in with a book in his hand. (prep.)
他手里拿著本書進來了
⑶She felt scared with so many people looking at her. (doing)
這么多人看著她,她感到害怕。
⑷He was brought in with his hands tied back.. (done)
他雙手綁在身后被帶了進來
⑸With everything bought, he left the market. (done)
買完了所需要的東西之后,他離開了市場
⑹The king came in, with all his servants following him. (doing)
國王進來了,身后跟著所有的仆人。
⑺With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .
由于沒有什么事情可做,他便到外面散步
⑻He left his room with the light on. (adv.)
他離開了房間,燈亮著
高考題例1:
With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002上海高考)
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
分析:
因后句的進行時表示將來,"新當選的總統(tǒng)將要度過一段艱難的時光",故用"with+賓語+不定式"表示將來要執(zhí)行的動作。
答案:C
高考題例2:
_____two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004北京高考)
A. With
B. Besides
C. As for
D. Because of
分析:
根據(jù)句意,此處應采用"with +賓語+不定式"
答案:A
14. a great / good many
修飾可數(shù)名詞,它的后面不能接of短語,但當名詞前有the, these, those, my, 等詞時,需加上介詞of
⑴A great many students like the movie.
好多學生喜歡這部電影
⑵We have read a good many books.
我們讀過許多書籍
⑶He has read a great many of the novels in this library.
他已讀了圖書館中的許多書
⑷A good many of his books were bought from this bookstore.
他的許多書是從這個書店里買的
其他表示"許多"的短語:
many a +單數(shù)名詞
a (large/great) number of + 復數(shù)名詞
plenty of +不可數(shù)名詞/復數(shù)名詞
quite a few + 復數(shù)名詞
a great deal of +不可數(shù)名詞
a large amount of +不可數(shù)名詞
⑴Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.
很多堅強的人面對這種困難都動搖了
⑵A number of people have read this magazine.
好多人看過這本雜志
⑶There were quite a few copies sold on the first day.
第一天就賣了好多本
⑷She spent a great deal of money on clothes.
她花了許多錢買衣服
⑸They have a large amount of work to do.
他們有大量的工作要做
⑹There's plenty of rain in my hometown.
我的家鄉(xiāng)雨水大
⑺There are plenty of eggs in the basket.
籃子里有許多雞蛋
15. have a good knowledge of …了解,懂得,掌握
have no knowledge of…不知道,不了解
to one's knowledge 據(jù)…所知
without the knowledge of在…不知道的情況下
come to sb's knowledge 被某人知悉
⑴I have a good knowledge of Chinese history.
我通曉中國歷史
⑵A baby has no knowledge of good and evil.
嬰兒不知善惡
⑶He sold the car without his wife's knowledge.
他瞞著妻子把汽車賣了
⑷To my knowledge, she has never been late before.
據(jù)我所知,她從來沒遲到過
⑸It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company.
據(jù)我們了解你一直欺騙公司
高考題例:
One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ____ good knowledge of basic word formation. (2002上海高考)
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. one
分析:
knowledge為不可數(shù)名詞,但若有形容詞修飾,則加不定冠詞a
答案:C
16. consider
①考慮 consider sth./ doing
He is considering going abroad.
他正考慮出國。
I'm considering changing my job.
我在考慮換工作。
I will consider your offer and tell you my decision tomorrow.
對你的提議我要考慮一下,明天告訴你我的決定。
②想,認為
+ 賓語+(to be)+ adj./ n.
consider + 賓語+ as + n./adj.
+ that 從句
I consider it a great honor.
我認為這是件很榮幸的事情。
We consider money (to be) important.
我們認為金錢是重要的。
We all consider him loyal to his friends.
我們都認為他對朋友忠誠。
We consider it important to learn a foreign language.
我們認為再學一門外語非常重要。
Lincoln was considered one of the greatest presidents in American history.
林肯被認為是美國歷史上最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。
We all consider that you did a good deed.
我們都認為你做了件好事。
I don't consider that it will turn out fine this afternoon.
我認為下午不會天晴。
③consideration n. 考慮
considering prep. 考慮到,鑒于
considerable adj. 相當大的
The question is worthy of consideration.
這個問題值得考慮。
She is very active, considering her age.
考慮到她的年齡,她很活躍了。
A considerable number of people object to the policy of the government.
相當多的人反對政府這一政策。
④take sth. into consideration 對某事加以考慮
under consideration 在考慮中
out of consideration 未加考慮
When marking Tom's exam papers, the teacher took his long illness into consideration.
批改湯姆的試卷時,老師考慮到了他長時間的生病。
There is one important fact that has been out of consideration.
有一重要事實未考慮到。
高考鏈接
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer. (NMET 1993)
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
答案:C
分析:
該句為 consider sb. to do 的被動結構,即 be considered to do, 同時要注意不定式的時態(tài)。因為"發(fā)明電腦"發(fā)生在"認為"之前,故不定式用完成時。
17. means n.
a)手段,方法 (單復數(shù)同形)
a means of transport/ communication
運輸工具/通訊工具
The quickest means of travel is by air.
最快捷的旅行方式是乘飛機。
All possible means have been tried.
一切可能的辦法都已經(jīng)被嘗試過了。
b)by means of 用,依靠
by all means 一定,務必,當然
by no means 決不,并未
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.
她不會說話,但手勢表達了她的愿望。
He succeeded by means of perseverance.
他靠毅力獲得了成功。
By all means I must visit my sick friend.
我一定得去探望我生病的朋友。
I can by no means pretend to be pleased with this behavior.
我決不能假裝對這種行為表示滿意。
---May I stay at home from school? 我可以呆在家里不去上學嗎?
---By no means. 絕對不行。
c)辨析:means, method, way
三個詞均表示"方法",means指為達到一個目的或產(chǎn)生某種結果而采用的方法、手段,way是最普通常用的詞,method 強調(diào)解決某個問題的辦法,三個詞與介詞搭配一般為:by the means/ in the way/ with the method
18. experience
a)c.n. 經(jīng)歷,閱歷
How many interesting experiences do you have?
你有多少有趣的經(jīng)歷?
Our travel by camel was an unforgettable experience.
我們騎駱駝的旅行是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。
b)u.n. 經(jīng)驗,體驗
She has so much experience of teaching.
她有豐富的教學經(jīng)驗。
I know from experience that he will be late.
就我的經(jīng)驗判斷他會來晚的。
c)v. 經(jīng)歷,感覺,感受,體驗
Have you experienced an earthquake?
你有沒有體驗過地震?
For the first time, we experienced defeat.
我們第一次遭遇失敗。
d)experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗的,熟練的
He is experienced in hunting.
他打獵很有經(jīng)驗。
The factory is in need of experienced workers.
這個工廠需要熟練工人。
19. protect
a)v. 保衛(wèi),保護
We're having good holidays while soldiers are protecting our country.
我們在幸福地享受假期,而士兵們卻在保衛(wèi)祖國。
There're fewer animals. It's important for us to protect them.
動物們越來越少,對于我們來說保護他們很重要。
b)protect---from/against--- 保護---使不受,防御
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴著太陽鏡以遮擋強烈的陽光。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他舉起手臂擋住臉躲過了這一擊。
Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.
村民們種了許多樹防止水土流失。
c)protection n. 保護,防御
under the protection of
在---的保護下
The hat will give protection against the sun.
這頂帽子可遮陽。
The chicks are under the protection of the hen.
小雞們在母雞的保護下。
20. separate
a)v. 分隔,分離 (常與from連用)
You'd better separate the bad apples from the good ones.
你最好把壞蘋果同好蘋果分開。
Many families got separated during the war.
戰(zhàn)爭期間,很多家庭妻離子散。
At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher.
此時,衛(wèi)星就脫離發(fā)射器。
It's the children who suffer when their parents separate.
父母分居時受罪的是孩子。
b)adj. 分開的,獨立的,不同的
David and I have been separated for six months and we have been sleeping in separate bedrooms. 我和大衛(wèi)分居6個月了,我們一直睡在各自的臥室里。
He tries to keep his professional life separate from his private life.
他盡量把他的職場生活和私人生活完全分開。
c)separate, divide separate著重指把原來結合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分開或隔離,divide著重指將整體分成若干部分。
The whole class was divided into five groups.
全班分成了5組。
England is separated from France by the Channel.
英法兩國由英吉利海峽隔開。
21. watch out
a)當心,注意,常與for連用
watch out for sb./ sth. (to do)
You can't learn English well without watching out for idiomatic ways of saying things. 如果不注意講話中的習慣表達方式,你就學不好英語。
Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company;they don't come very often. 要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的機會,這種機會并不多。
I'm always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.
我總是警惕過去可能沒有注意到的錯誤。
b)Watch it! = Watch out!
watch over 照看,看守
Watch it! You nearly knocked into the car.
當心,你差點撞到那輛車上。
22. 現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊用法
a)現(xiàn)在進行時可表示將來安排好的活動或事件,常見的動詞有arrive, come, go, leave, return, stay, travel, play等,并常與表將來的時間狀語連用。
We're spending next winter in Australia.
我們將在澳大利亞度過明年冬天。
How many of you are making the trip?
你們中有多少人去旅行?
We're having a party in our house tonight.
今晚我們在家里開茶話會。
b)現(xiàn)在進行時與副詞always, often, constantly, forever, continually等連用,表示說話人一種強烈的情感。
He is always helping people.
他總是幫助別人。(贊揚)
She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back.
她總是向人借錢而忘記還人家。(不滿)
高考鏈接
I've won a holiday for two to Florida. I _____ my mum. (2002北京)
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have taken
答案:A
分析:
此處運用現(xiàn)在進行時表示按計劃要發(fā)生的動作。
同步練習:
一、單項選擇
1. ---I hear Bill likes playing basketball.
---Yes, ________, and _______.
A. he does;so like me
B. he is;either do I
C. so he does;so do I
D. he does so;so am I
2. These math problems are _______ difficult for me. Could you please help me out?
A. much too
B. too much
C. very much
D. such
3. ---Do you know which team won the game?
---I don't know, ______.
A. nor do I care
B. nor I care
C. neither will I care
D. I don't care, too
4. Although the little girl was ______ at home, she didn't feel _____ at all.
A. alone, lonely
B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone
D. lonely, lonely
5. One day Chuck is ______ a flight _____ the Pacific Ocean ______ suddenly his plane crashes.
A. in, over, while
B. on, across, when
C. with, through, when
D. on , across, while
6. Was ______ in this place that he saved the boy?
A. that
B. it
C. he
D. this
7. Helen and Linda were introduced to each other _______ at a party.
A. for the first time
B. the first time
C. all the time
D. for some time
8. What was it ______ you found in the hole?
A. that
B. which
C. and
D. this
9. Make yourself ______ home and help yourself ______ anything that you'd like to eat.
A. in, with
B. at , to
C. at, with
D. in, to
10. The _______ of students are against your plan.
A. most
B. many
C. number
D. majority
11. A great ______ of foreign guests come to out school for a visit every year.
A. deal
B. number
C. plenty
D. lot
12. The house is beautifully built ______ its chimney.
A. except
B. except for
C. besides
D. except that
13. He ran out with his face ______ in hands.
A. bury
B. burying
C. buried
D. to bury
14. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
A. a, /
B. the, an
C. the, the
D. /, the
15. All possible means ______ been tried.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
二、完形填空
Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with a chocolate ice-cream. It was a very 1 store with little round tables and chairs.
As I entered, I found a very old woman bent over a 2 near the door. Her back was so
3 twisted by some misfortune that her face nearly 4 the tabletop. I sat down 5 her a couple of tables away.
"Poor woman, " I thought. "What does she 6 life ? Why does God let people live so long past their prime(鼎盛時)?"
As I thought, another 7 lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were 8 childhood days. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years. In minutes, the two of them were shaking with 9 .
I looked again at the first woman, then in the 10 on a nearby wall, catching a picture of myself. I was 11 a dirty shirt. She was well dressed in white, her 12 carefully made up and her hands shining with gold rings. I was 13 . She was laughing, smiling. I was putting the 14 of my life together . She had millions of 15 memories to recall. I sat alone. She was 16 the day with a good friend. 17 I was worried about getting old. She was old, but it wasn't 18 her. As I left the shop, I 19 my foolish question about God letting people live past their prime. Why , that woman was more 20 , more sensitive to life, than I was. Age has not bent her spirit.
1. A. different B. modern C. pretty D. old-time
2. A. computer B. cushion C. table D. customer
3. A. badly B. suddenly C. actually D. fully
4. A. broke B. touched C .hit D. knocked
5. A. facing B. leaving C. following D. serving
6. A. devote to B. get out of C. learn about D. keep away from
7. A. aged B. married C. dated D. Separated
8. A. speaking of B. talking about C. thinking over D. planning for
9. A. food B. fear C. cold D. laughter
10. A. newspaper B. window C. mirror D. picture
11. A. dressing B. wearing C. putting on D. having on
12. A. face B. neck C. back D. head
13. A. happy B. surprised C. poor D. sad
14. A. periods B. pieces C. points D. goals
15. A. terrible B. difficult C. wonderful D. fresh
16. A. sharing B. spending C. taking D. sparing
17. A. In public B. As a result C. Above all D. In secret
18. A. pleasing B. hurting C. envying D. punishing
19. A. realized B. wondered C. gave up D. thought of
20. A. alive B. changeable C. hopeful D. interesting
三、單詞拼寫
1. It's a great ______(挑戰(zhàn)) for Tom to open his own business.
2. A land which is surrounded by water is called an _______(島).
3. If you were alone on the island, what would you do in order to _______(活下來).
4. We are good friends though sometimes we have different ideas and _____(爭論) about them.
5. Tony is _____(喜歡) of pop music but I prefer classical music.
6. Jane and Betty are going on _______(各自的) holidays in May.
7. Nowadays the ________(大多數(shù)) of people in Shenzhen speak Putonghua.
8. When he came in, I was having a bath in the _______(浴室).
9. He has traveled to many places. Do you know his next ______(目的地)?
10. Can you ________(想象) that we are living on the moon?
四、短文改錯
Yesterday we got a call from a mid-aged man who 1. _________
name was George. He called us to say his washing machine 2. _________
had bought in our shop two months ago wasn't as 3. _________
well as he had read from our advertisement. The 4. _________
machines works with a plenty of noises;the pipe 5. _________
leaks and the worst thing is that sometimes they doesn't 6. _________
work at all. Therefore, he hoped that a repairman could 7. _________
sent as soon as possibly or the machine could be 8. _________
exchanged if it couldn't be repaired. He doesn't hope his machine 9. _________
bought in our shop would take him any more trouble. 10. _________
答案與提示:
一、1. C 前一空為肯定回答,不倒裝;后一空表示"我也如此",倒裝。
2. A much too后加形容詞或副詞。
3. A nor引起倒裝句,表示與否定情況相同。
4. A alone獨自一人,lonely孤獨的。
5. B be on a flight在飛行中,across表示穿越,when就在這時。
6. B 強調(diào)句型的一般疑問式。
7. A 表示第---次做什么用for the ---time。
8. A 強調(diào)句中定語從句用that引起。
9. B make oneself at home 別拘束,隨便一點;help oneself to sth. 隨便吃或用。
10. D the majority of students= most of the students= most students
11. B a large number of 修飾復數(shù)名詞。
12. B except for排除的是主語的一部分,表示整體中的個例。
13. C with復合結構中的賓語補足語,bury與face 為動賓關系,因此用過去分詞。
14. A 第一空用a抽象名詞具體化,表示某一方面的知識;第二空泛指國際貿(mào)易,不用冠詞。
15. D means單復數(shù)同形,由all可知此處為復數(shù)。
二、1. D 根據(jù)后文的"how little the shop had changed in 70 years"。
2. C 她應該是彎腰坐在門邊的桌旁。
3. A 表示程度,背駝得很厲害。
4. B 由于背駝得厲害,以至于臉差點接觸到桌面。
5. A 根據(jù)后文,我一直關注著她的一舉一動,所以應試面對她。
6. B 我十分可憐她,心想她這一輩子從生活中得到了什么。
7. A 這兩位都是老太太,很好的朋友。
8. B 朋友相聚,談論舊日時光。
9. D 回憶過去,十分溫馨,而由shaking可知,他們在開懷大笑。
10. C 我看見了自己,因此應是鏡子。
11. B 表狀態(tài),用wear,且常用于進行時中。
12. A made up表示化妝,因此應為face。
13. D 此處有多組句子將我和老太太進行對比,下句為"she was laughing",因此我應是sad。
14. B pieces of my life 表示我生活的片段,暗示我支離破碎的生活。
15. C 同上句形成對比。
16. A 強調(diào)分享。
17. D 雖然我很年輕,但我很悲觀,暗自擔心變老
18. B hurt在此表示未對她造成影響。
19. D 離開時我再次想起了開始我問上帝的那個問題,下文中也有進一步的感悟。
20. A alive與aged形成鮮明對比,達到最佳表現(xiàn)效果。
三、1. challenge 2. island 3. survive 4. argue 5. fond
6. separate 7. majority 8. bathroom 9. destination 10. imagine
四、1. who----whose whose在此引導定語從句,且充當定語,修飾name
2. 正確
3. 去掉had "bought in our shop two months ago" 在句中充當定語。
4. well----good good作be的表語,所以用形容詞。
5. 去掉a plenty of "許多",固定短語,前面不可以加冠詞。
6. they----it it指代上文中提到的his washing machine
7. could后加be 此處應用被動語態(tài)。
8. possibly----possible as soon as possible "盡可能快",固定短語
9. doesn't---didn't 這一動作發(fā)生在過去,應用一般過去時。
10. take---bring 此處意思為"帶來麻煩"。
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《高中英語語法-高三英語知識點綜合訓練2》由留學英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)
高三英語知識點綜合訓練2
except for:
指不同類別的事情或性質(zhì)不同的事情,或表示某人/物 在總體上是好的,只是其中的某個細節(jié)或某個環(huán)節(jié)不盡人意
eg.
⑴Except for Li Ming, they are all workers.
除了李明之外,他們都是工人
⑵Everybody except John was able to answer the question.
除了約翰之外,每個人都回答出了問題
⑶The room is empty except for a broken chair. (前后的名詞不同類)
這個房間空空的,只不過有把破椅子
⑷I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.
我對他一無所知,只是知道他來自日本
⑸She goes to school by bike except when it rains.
她騎自行車去上學,除了下雨時不騎
⑹He could do nothing except walk home.(except前若有實義動詞do,則后面接不帶to的不定式)
他只好走著回家了
=He had no choice but to walk home.( except前若沒有實義動詞do,則后面接帶to的不定式)
高考題例:
I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing. (2000上海高考)
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D.besides
分析:
except for與except that同義,但except for后不能接句子,后句"she is from Beijing"是一個完整的陳述句,故用except that連接,that不作成分。
答案:C
*besides: (prep.) "除…之外還有",常與also, else, other等詞連用。如:
⑴Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.
除了網(wǎng)球之外,他還打籃球和踢足球。
⑵I have three other dictionaries besides this one.
除了這本詞典,我還有三本別的詞典。
*besides: (adv.) 此外,而且
⑴I haven't time to see the film-----besides, it's had dreadful reviews.
我沒有時間去看這部影片,再說,影評也諸多貶斥。
⑵I am too busy to go for a walk; besides, it is late.
我太忙不去散步了,而且時候已晚了。
13. with的復合結構 :常在句中作狀語,表示伴隨動作、行為方式及原因、條件或結果等情況。
with + 賓語 +prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do(表示要執(zhí)行的動作)/done(表示動作的完成及被動)
⑴She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)
她經(jīng)常開著窗戶睡覺。
⑵He came in with a book in his hand. (prep.)
他手里拿著本書進來了
⑶She felt scared with so many people looking at her. (doing)
這么多人看著她,她感到害怕。
⑷He was brought in with his hands tied back.. (done)
他雙手綁在身后被帶了進來
⑸With everything bought, he left the market. (done)
買完了所需要的東西之后,他離開了市場
⑹The king came in, with all his servants following him. (doing)
國王進來了,身后跟著所有的仆人。
⑺With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .
由于沒有什么事情可做,他便到外面散步
⑻He left his room with the light on. (adv.)
他離開了房間,燈亮著
高考題例1:
With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002上海高考)
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
分析:
因后句的進行時表示將來,"新當選的總統(tǒng)將要度過一段艱難的時光",故用"with+賓語+不定式"表示將來要執(zhí)行的動作。
答案:C
高考題例2:
_____two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004北京高考)
A. With
B. Besides
C. As for
D. Because of
分析:
根據(jù)句意,此處應采用"with +賓語+不定式"
答案:A
14. a great / good many
修飾可數(shù)名詞,它的后面不能接of短語,但當名詞前有the, these, those, my, 等詞時,需加上介詞of
⑴A great many students like the movie.
好多學生喜歡這部電影
⑵We have read a good many books.
我們讀過許多書籍
⑶He has read a great many of the novels in this library.
他已讀了圖書館中的許多書
⑷A good many of his books were bought from this bookstore.
他的許多書是從這個書店里買的
其他表示"許多"的短語:
many a +單數(shù)名詞
a (large/great) number of + 復數(shù)名詞
plenty of +不可數(shù)名詞/復數(shù)名詞
quite a few + 復數(shù)名詞
a great deal of +不可數(shù)名詞
a large amount of +不可數(shù)名詞
⑴Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.
很多堅強的人面對這種困難都動搖了
⑵A number of people have read this magazine.
好多人看過這本雜志
⑶There were quite a few copies sold on the first day.
第一天就賣了好多本
⑷She spent a great deal of money on clothes.
她花了許多錢買衣服
⑸They have a large amount of work to do.
他們有大量的工作要做
⑹There's plenty of rain in my hometown.
我的家鄉(xiāng)雨水大
⑺There are plenty of eggs in the basket.
籃子里有許多雞蛋
15. have a good knowledge of …了解,懂得,掌握
have no knowledge of…不知道,不了解
to one's knowledge 據(jù)…所知
without the knowledge of在…不知道的情況下
come to sb's knowledge 被某人知悉
⑴I have a good knowledge of Chinese history.
我通曉中國歷史
⑵A baby has no knowledge of good and evil.
嬰兒不知善惡
⑶He sold the car without his wife's knowledge.
他瞞著妻子把汽車賣了
⑷To my knowledge, she has never been late before.
據(jù)我所知,她從來沒遲到過
⑸It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company.
據(jù)我們了解你一直欺騙公司
高考題例:
One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ____ good knowledge of basic word formation. (2002上海高考)
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. one
分析:
knowledge為不可數(shù)名詞,但若有形容詞修飾,則加不定冠詞a
答案:C
16. consider
①考慮 consider sth./ doing
He is considering going abroad.
他正考慮出國。
I'm considering changing my job.
我在考慮換工作。
I will consider your offer and tell you my decision tomorrow.
對你的提議我要考慮一下,明天告訴你我的決定。
②想,認為
+ 賓語+(to be)+ adj./ n.
consider + 賓語+ as + n./adj.
+ that 從句
I consider it a great honor.
我認為這是件很榮幸的事情。
We consider money (to be) important.
我們認為金錢是重要的。
We all consider him loyal to his friends.
我們都認為他對朋友忠誠。
We consider it important to learn a foreign language.
我們認為再學一門外語非常重要。
Lincoln was considered one of the greatest presidents in American history.
林肯被認為是美國歷史上最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。
We all consider that you did a good deed.
我們都認為你做了件好事。
I don't consider that it will turn out fine this afternoon.
我認為下午不會天晴。
③consideration n. 考慮
considering prep. 考慮到,鑒于
considerable adj. 相當大的
The question is worthy of consideration.
這個問題值得考慮。
She is very active, considering her age.
考慮到她的年齡,她很活躍了。
A considerable number of people object to the policy of the government.
相當多的人反對政府這一政策。
④take sth. into consideration 對某事加以考慮
under consideration 在考慮中
out of consideration 未加考慮
When marking Tom's exam papers, the teacher took his long illness into consideration.
批改湯姆的試卷時,老師考慮到了他長時間的生病。
There is one important fact that has been out of consideration.
有一重要事實未考慮到。
高考鏈接
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer. (NMET 1993)
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
答案:C
分析:
該句為 consider sb. to do 的被動結構,即 be considered to do, 同時要注意不定式的時態(tài)。因為"發(fā)明電腦"發(fā)生在"認為"之前,故不定式用完成時。
17. means n.
a)手段,方法 (單復數(shù)同形)
a means of transport/ communication
運輸工具/通訊工具
The quickest means of travel is by air.
最快捷的旅行方式是乘飛機。
All possible means have been tried.
一切可能的辦法都已經(jīng)被嘗試過了。
b)by means of 用,依靠
by all means 一定,務必,當然
by no means 決不,并未
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.
她不會說話,但手勢表達了她的愿望。
He succeeded by means of perseverance.
他靠毅力獲得了成功。
By all means I must visit my sick friend.
我一定得去探望我生病的朋友。
I can by no means pretend to be pleased with this behavior.
我決不能假裝對這種行為表示滿意。
---May I stay at home from school? 我可以呆在家里不去上學嗎?
---By no means. 絕對不行。
c)辨析:means, method, way
三個詞均表示"方法",means指為達到一個目的或產(chǎn)生某種結果而采用的方法、手段,way是最普通常用的詞,method 強調(diào)解決某個問題的辦法,三個詞與介詞搭配一般為:by the means/ in the way/ with the method
18. experience
a)c.n. 經(jīng)歷,閱歷
How many interesting experiences do you have?
你有多少有趣的經(jīng)歷?
Our travel by camel was an unforgettable experience.
我們騎駱駝的旅行是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。
b)u.n. 經(jīng)驗,體驗
She has so much experience of teaching.
她有豐富的教學經(jīng)驗。
I know from experience that he will be late.
就我的經(jīng)驗判斷他會來晚的。
c)v. 經(jīng)歷,感覺,感受,體驗
Have you experienced an earthquake?
你有沒有體驗過地震?
For the first time, we experienced defeat.
我們第一次遭遇失敗。
d)experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗的,熟練的
He is experienced in hunting.
他打獵很有經(jīng)驗。
The factory is in need of experienced workers.
這個工廠需要熟練工人。
19. protect
a)v. 保衛(wèi),保護
We're having good holidays while soldiers are protecting our country.
我們在幸福地享受假期,而士兵們卻在保衛(wèi)祖國。
There're fewer animals. It's important for us to protect them.
動物們越來越少,對于我們來說保護他們很重要。
b)protect---from/against--- 保護---使不受,防御
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴著太陽鏡以遮擋強烈的陽光。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他舉起手臂擋住臉躲過了這一擊。
Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.
村民們種了許多樹防止水土流失。
c)protection n. 保護,防御
under the protection of
在---的保護下
The hat will give protection against the sun.
這頂帽子可遮陽。
The chicks are under the protection of the hen.
小雞們在母雞的保護下。
20. separate
a)v. 分隔,分離 (常與from連用)
You'd better separate the bad apples from the good ones.
你最好把壞蘋果同好蘋果分開。
Many families got separated during the war.
戰(zhàn)爭期間,很多家庭妻離子散。
At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher.
此時,衛(wèi)星就脫離發(fā)射器。
It's the children who suffer when their parents separate.
父母分居時受罪的是孩子。
b)adj. 分開的,獨立的,不同的
David and I have been separated for six months and we have been sleeping in separate bedrooms. 我和大衛(wèi)分居6個月了,我們一直睡在各自的臥室里。
He tries to keep his professional life separate from his private life.
他盡量把他的職場生活和私人生活完全分開。
c)separate, divide separate著重指把原來結合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分開或隔離,divide著重指將整體分成若干部分。
The whole class was divided into five groups.
全班分成了5組。
England is separated from France by the Channel.
英法兩國由英吉利海峽隔開。
21. watch out
a)當心,注意,常與for連用
watch out for sb./ sth. (to do)
You can't learn English well without watching out for idiomatic ways of saying things. 如果不注意講話中的習慣表達方式,你就學不好英語。
Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company;they don't come very often. 要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的機會,這種機會并不多。
I'm always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.
我總是警惕過去可能沒有注意到的錯誤。
b)Watch it! = Watch out!
watch over 照看,看守
Watch it! You nearly knocked into the car.
當心,你差點撞到那輛車上。
22. 現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊用法
a)現(xiàn)在進行時可表示將來安排好的活動或事件,常見的動詞有arrive, come, go, leave, return, stay, travel, play等,并常與表將來的時間狀語連用。
We're spending next winter in Australia.
我們將在澳大利亞度過明年冬天。
How many of you are making the trip?
你們中有多少人去旅行?
We're having a party in our house tonight.
今晚我們在家里開茶話會。
b)現(xiàn)在進行時與副詞always, often, constantly, forever, continually等連用,表示說話人一種強烈的情感。
He is always helping people.
他總是幫助別人。(贊揚)
She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back.
她總是向人借錢而忘記還人家。(不滿)
高考鏈接
I've won a holiday for two to Florida. I _____ my mum. (2002北京)
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have taken
答案:A
分析:
此處運用現(xiàn)在進行時表示按計劃要發(fā)生的動作。
同步練習:
一、單項選擇
1. ---I hear Bill likes playing basketball.
---Yes, ________, and _______.
A. he does;so like me
B. he is;either do I
C. so he does;so do I
D. he does so;so am I
2. These math problems are _______ difficult for me. Could you please help me out?
A. much too
B. too much
C. very much
D. such
3. ---Do you know which team won the game?
---I don't know, ______.
A. nor do I care
B. nor I care
C. neither will I care
D. I don't care, too
4. Although the little girl was ______ at home, she didn't feel _____ at all.
A. alone, lonely
B. lonely, alone
C. alone, alone
D. lonely, lonely
5. One day Chuck is ______ a flight _____ the Pacific Ocean ______ suddenly his plane crashes.
A. in, over, while
B. on, across, when
C. with, through, when
D. on , across, while
6. Was ______ in this place that he saved the boy?
A. that
B. it
C. he
D. this
7. Helen and Linda were introduced to each other _______ at a party.
A. for the first time
B. the first time
C. all the time
D. for some time
8. What was it ______ you found in the hole?
A. that
B. which
C. and
D. this
9. Make yourself ______ home and help yourself ______ anything that you'd like to eat.
A. in, with
B. at , to
C. at, with
D. in, to
10. The _______ of students are against your plan.
A. most
B. many
C. number
D. majority
11. A great ______ of foreign guests come to out school for a visit every year.
A. deal
B. number
C. plenty
D. lot
12. The house is beautifully built ______ its chimney.
A. except
B. except for
C. besides
D. except that
13. He ran out with his face ______ in hands.
A. bury
B. burying
C. buried
D. to bury
14. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
A. a, /
B. the, an
C. the, the
D. /, the
15. All possible means ______ been tried.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
二、完形填空
Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with a chocolate ice-cream. It was a very 1 store with little round tables and chairs.
As I entered, I found a very old woman bent over a 2 near the door. Her back was so
3 twisted by some misfortune that her face nearly 4 the tabletop. I sat down 5 her a couple of tables away.
"Poor woman, " I thought. "What does she 6 life ? Why does God let people live so long past their prime(鼎盛時)?"
As I thought, another 7 lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were 8 childhood days. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years. In minutes, the two of them were shaking with 9 .
I looked again at the first woman, then in the 10 on a nearby wall, catching a picture of myself. I was 11 a dirty shirt. She was well dressed in white, her 12 carefully made up and her hands shining with gold rings. I was 13 . She was laughing, smiling. I was putting the 14 of my life together . She had millions of 15 memories to recall. I sat alone. She was 16 the day with a good friend. 17 I was worried about getting old. She was old, but it wasn't 18 her. As I left the shop, I 19 my foolish question about God letting people live past their prime. Why , that woman was more 20 , more sensitive to life, than I was. Age has not bent her spirit.
1. A. different B. modern C. pretty D. old-time
2. A. computer B. cushion C. table D. customer
3. A. badly B. suddenly C. actually D. fully
4. A. broke B. touched C .hit D. knocked
5. A. facing B. leaving C. following D. serving
6. A. devote to B. get out of C. learn about D. keep away from
7. A. aged B. married C. dated D. Separated
8. A. speaking of B. talking about C. thinking over D. planning for
9. A. food B. fear C. cold D. laughter
10. A. newspaper B. window C. mirror D. picture
11. A. dressing B. wearing C. putting on D. having on
12. A. face B. neck C. back D. head
13. A. happy B. surprised C. poor D. sad
14. A. periods B. pieces C. points D. goals
15. A. terrible B. difficult C. wonderful D. fresh
16. A. sharing B. spending C. taking D. sparing
17. A. In public B. As a result C. Above all D. In secret
18. A. pleasing B. hurting C. envying D. punishing
19. A. realized B. wondered C. gave up D. thought of
20. A. alive B. changeable C. hopeful D. interesting
三、單詞拼寫
1. It's a great ______(挑戰(zhàn)) for Tom to open his own business.
2. A land which is surrounded by water is called an _______(島).
3. If you were alone on the island, what would you do in order to _______(活下來).
4. We are good friends though sometimes we have different ideas and _____(爭論) about them.
5. Tony is _____(喜歡) of pop music but I prefer classical music.
6. Jane and Betty are going on _______(各自的) holidays in May.
7. Nowadays the ________(大多數(shù)) of people in Shenzhen speak Putonghua.
8. When he came in, I was having a bath in the _______(浴室).
9. He has traveled to many places. Do you know his next ______(目的地)?
10. Can you ________(想象) that we are living on the moon?
四、短文改錯
Yesterday we got a call from a mid-aged man who 1. _________
name was George. He called us to say his washing machine 2. _________
had bought in our shop two months ago wasn't as 3. _________
well as he had read from our advertisement. The 4. _________
machines works with a plenty of noises;the pipe 5. _________
leaks and the worst thing is that sometimes they doesn't 6. _________
work at all. Therefore, he hoped that a repairman could 7. _________
sent as soon as possibly or the machine could be 8. _________
exchanged if it couldn't be repaired. He doesn't hope his machine 9. _________
bought in our shop would take him any more trouble. 10. _________
答案與提示:
一、1. C 前一空為肯定回答,不倒裝;后一空表示"我也如此",倒裝。
2. A much too后加形容詞或副詞。
3. A nor引起倒裝句,表示與否定情況相同。
4. A alone獨自一人,lonely孤獨的。
5. B be on a flight在飛行中,across表示穿越,when就在這時。
6. B 強調(diào)句型的一般疑問式。
7. A 表示第---次做什么用for the ---time。
8. A 強調(diào)句中定語從句用that引起。
9. B make oneself at home 別拘束,隨便一點;help oneself to sth. 隨便吃或用。
10. D the majority of students= most of the students= most students
11. B a large number of 修飾復數(shù)名詞。
12. B except for排除的是主語的一部分,表示整體中的個例。
13. C with復合結構中的賓語補足語,bury與face 為動賓關系,因此用過去分詞。
14. A 第一空用a抽象名詞具體化,表示某一方面的知識;第二空泛指國際貿(mào)易,不用冠詞。
15. D means單復數(shù)同形,由all可知此處為復數(shù)。
二、1. D 根據(jù)后文的"how little the shop had changed in 70 years"。
2. C 她應該是彎腰坐在門邊的桌旁。
3. A 表示程度,背駝得很厲害。
4. B 由于背駝得厲害,以至于臉差點接觸到桌面。
5. A 根據(jù)后文,我一直關注著她的一舉一動,所以應試面對她。
6. B 我十分可憐她,心想她這一輩子從生活中得到了什么。
7. A 這兩位都是老太太,很好的朋友。
8. B 朋友相聚,談論舊日時光。
9. D 回憶過去,十分溫馨,而由shaking可知,他們在開懷大笑。
10. C 我看見了自己,因此應是鏡子。
11. B 表狀態(tài),用wear,且常用于進行時中。
12. A made up表示化妝,因此應為face。
13. D 此處有多組句子將我和老太太進行對比,下句為"she was laughing",因此我應是sad。
14. B pieces of my life 表示我生活的片段,暗示我支離破碎的生活。
15. C 同上句形成對比。
16. A 強調(diào)分享。
17. D 雖然我很年輕,但我很悲觀,暗自擔心變老
18. B hurt在此表示未對她造成影響。
19. D 離開時我再次想起了開始我問上帝的那個問題,下文中也有進一步的感悟。
20. A alive與aged形成鮮明對比,達到最佳表現(xiàn)效果。
三、1. challenge 2. island 3. survive 4. argue 5. fond
6. separate 7. majority 8. bathroom 9. destination 10. imagine
四、1. who----whose whose在此引導定語從句,且充當定語,修飾name
2. 正確
3. 去掉had "bought in our shop two months ago" 在句中充當定語。
4. well----good good作be的表語,所以用形容詞。
5. 去掉a plenty of "許多",固定短語,前面不可以加冠詞。
6. they----it it指代上文中提到的his washing machine
7. could后加be 此處應用被動語態(tài)。
8. possibly----possible as soon as possible "盡可能快",固定短語
9. doesn't---didn't 這一動作發(fā)生在過去,應用一般過去時。
10. take---bring 此處意思為"帶來麻煩"。
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