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怎樣寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)句子之一
我們?cè)谇懊嬖徇^(guò)學(xué)生的作文主要有以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:
第一、英語(yǔ)底子太薄。
第二、詞匯量太小,且對(duì)已學(xué)詞匯記憶不清。
第三、表達(dá)思想不清楚。 下面我們看一些例子。
1 ) Some one consider that fresh water will not touch it's end.
2 ) One man's life lack of money, he will impossible to live on.
3 ) As is know, that there are much fake commodities in today's society.
這里引述的例句與考生通篇作文的寫(xiě)作水平是一致的,其中 5 、 6 分的例句具有典型性,代表了近乎中等水平考生的寫(xiě)作水平。從這些例句中不難看出,中等水平的考生,事實(shí)上也包括中上等水平的考生,在寫(xiě)作上存在的主要問(wèn)題是表達(dá)思想不清楚。
表達(dá)思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中嚴(yán)重漢化的英語(yǔ),即中式英語(yǔ),比如: “man can live happiness” , “Man is iron, and food is steel.”, " Women are half side sky. "。此外,語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的普遍性和嚴(yán)重性十分驚人,比如,主謂不一致,名詞單復(fù)數(shù)不分,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)濫用,常用詞拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤比比皆是。這些嚴(yán)重地影響了思想的表達(dá)??荚噷?shí)踐表明,多數(shù)考生在寫(xiě)作上的主要欠缺不是系統(tǒng)的寫(xiě)作理論和方法,而是最基本的單句寫(xiě)作能力。
文章無(wú)論長(zhǎng)短,都是由句子組成的,句子是表達(dá)思想的最基本的單位。因此,句子是否能寫(xiě)得正確、達(dá)意和清楚,將直接影響整篇文章的寫(xiě)作質(zhì)量。
為改變這種狀況,我們將從剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手,對(duì)寫(xiě)作測(cè)試中的基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)和寫(xiě)法進(jìn)行評(píng)議和分析,來(lái)幫助考生進(jìn)一步提高句子寫(xiě)作能力。
否定結(jié)構(gòu)除了在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, be 和 have 后面加 not 之外,還有許多不含 not 的否定結(jié)構(gòu)。若能正確使用他們,文章會(huì)顯得生動(dòng)活潑,增加寫(xiě)作的閃光點(diǎn)。下面我們就來(lái)看看 :
1 . 含有否定意義的詞匯和短語(yǔ)
以下列舉的詞和詞組本身就具有否定的含義,因此無(wú)需用否定詞。
介詞 against, beyond, but, except, without,……
形容詞和動(dòng)詞 absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to, reluctant, lack, want,……
短語(yǔ) keep……from, protect……from, prevent……from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too……to, by no means, nything but,……
我們看以下例句:
1 ) Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
在一些國(guó)家里婦女沒(méi)有得到平等的權(quán)利。
2 ) This is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.
這不是解決能源危機(jī)的最好的辦法。
3 ) We should protect trees from being destroyed.
我們應(yīng)保護(hù)樹(shù)木,不讓它們受破壞。
4 ) In old China we could not make a nail, let alone(make) machines.
在舊中國(guó),我們連一個(gè)釘子都造不了,更不用說(shuō)制造機(jī)器了。
2 . 含有半否定意義的詞語(yǔ)
barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, not everyone, not everything,…… 具有半否定的意義。例句:
1 ) We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.
幾年前在冬天市場(chǎng)上很難見(jiàn)到新鮮蔬菜。
2 ) These young people know little about how to choose good books to read.
這些年輕人幾乎不知道如何挑選優(yōu)秀的書(shū)籍來(lái)讀。
3 . 不含否定意義的否定結(jié)構(gòu)
有些詞和詞組形式上是否定結(jié)構(gòu),但其含義是肯定的,比如: cannot but, can't help,
no sooner……than, not……until, in no time, none other than, nothing but, 等等。例句:
1 ) We can't but face the reality.
我們只有面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。
2 ) These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.
這些舊建筑將很快為現(xiàn)代化的公寓所代替。
4 . 否定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝語(yǔ)序
我們有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把否定詞和詞組放在句首,這時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)倒裝。例如:
1 ) On no account should we follow blindly. 我們決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從。
2 ) No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country. 沒(méi)有任何其他地方有我國(guó)這樣高的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。
五、 含有 it 的結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句:
1. As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society.
2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.
正確表達(dá):
1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society. ( 或 :As is known to all of us, science……)
2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. ( 或 :As is known to us, practice……)
評(píng)議與分析:
例句 1 是 93 年 12 月六級(jí)考試 11 分作文的評(píng)分樣卷句子,例句 2 選自 97 年 1 月四級(jí)考試作文。很顯然,兩個(gè)考生混淆了 it 和 as 的用法。如果用 it 作形式主語(yǔ),后面的主語(yǔ)從句必須由 that 引起;如果用 as ,則后面不能用 that ,因?yàn)?as 是關(guān)系代詞,代表 practice makes perfect .
It 在英語(yǔ)中是個(gè)相當(dāng)活躍的代詞,在寫(xiě)作中我們常要使用它。以下幾種用法應(yīng)熟練掌握,并能靈活運(yùn)用。
1 .作形式主語(yǔ)
It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully. It makes ifference whether we could purify the air or not.
2. 作形式賓語(yǔ)
We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that. Modern science has made it possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.
3. 引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句
It is only by this way that we can achieve success. It was then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,上述的句子都不難,或者可以說(shuō)是考生相當(dāng)熟悉的。然而在寫(xiě)作考試中,多
《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-怎樣寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)句子之一》由留學(xué)liuxue86.com編輯整理
怎樣寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)句子之一
我們?cè)谇懊嬖徇^(guò)學(xué)生的作文主要有以下幾個(gè)方面的問(wèn)題:
第一、英語(yǔ)底子太薄。
第二、詞匯量太小,且對(duì)已學(xué)詞匯記憶不清。
第三、表達(dá)思想不清楚。 下面我們看一些例子。
1 ) Some one consider that fresh water will not touch it's end.
2 ) One man's life lack of money, he will impossible to live on.
3 ) As is know, that there are much fake commodities in today's society.
這里引述的例句與考生通篇作文的寫(xiě)作水平是一致的,其中 5 、 6 分的例句具有典型性,代表了近乎中等水平考生的寫(xiě)作水平。從這些例句中不難看出,中等水平的考生,事實(shí)上也包括中上等水平的考生,在寫(xiě)作上存在的主要問(wèn)題是表達(dá)思想不清楚。
表達(dá)思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中嚴(yán)重漢化的英語(yǔ),即中式英語(yǔ),比如: “man can live happiness” , “Man is iron, and food is steel.”, " Women are half side sky. "。此外,語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤的普遍性和嚴(yán)重性十分驚人,比如,主謂不一致,名詞單復(fù)數(shù)不分,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)濫用,常用詞拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤比比皆是。這些嚴(yán)重地影響了思想的表達(dá)??荚噷?shí)踐表明,多數(shù)考生在寫(xiě)作上的主要欠缺不是系統(tǒng)的寫(xiě)作理論和方法,而是最基本的單句寫(xiě)作能力。
文章無(wú)論長(zhǎng)短,都是由句子組成的,句子是表達(dá)思想的最基本的單位。因此,句子是否能寫(xiě)得正確、達(dá)意和清楚,將直接影響整篇文章的寫(xiě)作質(zhì)量。
為改變這種狀況,我們將從剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手,對(duì)寫(xiě)作測(cè)試中的基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)和寫(xiě)法進(jìn)行評(píng)議和分析,來(lái)幫助考生進(jìn)一步提高句子寫(xiě)作能力。
否定結(jié)構(gòu)除了在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, be 和 have 后面加 not 之外,還有許多不含 not 的否定結(jié)構(gòu)。若能正確使用他們,文章會(huì)顯得生動(dòng)活潑,增加寫(xiě)作的閃光點(diǎn)。下面我們就來(lái)看看 :
1 . 含有否定意義的詞匯和短語(yǔ)
以下列舉的詞和詞組本身就具有否定的含義,因此無(wú)需用否定詞。
介詞 against, beyond, but, except, without,……
形容詞和動(dòng)詞 absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to, reluctant, lack, want,……
短語(yǔ) keep……from, protect……from, prevent……from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too……to, by no means, nything but,……
我們看以下例句:
1 ) Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.
在一些國(guó)家里婦女沒(méi)有得到平等的權(quán)利。
2 ) This is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.
這不是解決能源危機(jī)的最好的辦法。
3 ) We should protect trees from being destroyed.
我們應(yīng)保護(hù)樹(shù)木,不讓它們受破壞。
4 ) In old China we could not make a nail, let alone(make) machines.
在舊中國(guó),我們連一個(gè)釘子都造不了,更不用說(shuō)制造機(jī)器了。
2 . 含有半否定意義的詞語(yǔ)
barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, not everyone, not everything,…… 具有半否定的意義。例句:
1 ) We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.
幾年前在冬天市場(chǎng)上很難見(jiàn)到新鮮蔬菜。
2 ) These young people know little about how to choose good books to read.
這些年輕人幾乎不知道如何挑選優(yōu)秀的書(shū)籍來(lái)讀。
3 . 不含否定意義的否定結(jié)構(gòu)
有些詞和詞組形式上是否定結(jié)構(gòu),但其含義是肯定的,比如: cannot but, can't help,
no sooner……than, not……until, in no time, none other than, nothing but, 等等。例句:
1 ) We can't but face the reality.
我們只有面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。
2 ) These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.
這些舊建筑將很快為現(xiàn)代化的公寓所代替。
4 . 否定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝語(yǔ)序
我們有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把否定詞和詞組放在句首,這時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)倒裝。例如:
1 ) On no account should we follow blindly. 我們決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從。
2 ) No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country. 沒(méi)有任何其他地方有我國(guó)這樣高的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。
五、 含有 it 的結(jié)構(gòu)
考生病句:
1. As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society.
2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.
正確表達(dá):
1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society. ( 或 :As is known to all of us, science……)
2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. ( 或 :As is known to us, practice……)
評(píng)議與分析:
例句 1 是 93 年 12 月六級(jí)考試 11 分作文的評(píng)分樣卷句子,例句 2 選自 97 年 1 月四級(jí)考試作文。很顯然,兩個(gè)考生混淆了 it 和 as 的用法。如果用 it 作形式主語(yǔ),后面的主語(yǔ)從句必須由 that 引起;如果用 as ,則后面不能用 that ,因?yàn)?as 是關(guān)系代詞,代表 practice makes perfect .
It 在英語(yǔ)中是個(gè)相當(dāng)活躍的代詞,在寫(xiě)作中我們常要使用它。以下幾種用法應(yīng)熟練掌握,并能靈活運(yùn)用。
1 .作形式主語(yǔ)
It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully. It makes ifference whether we could purify the air or not.
2. 作形式賓語(yǔ)
We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that. Modern science has made it possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.
3. 引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句
It is only by this way that we can achieve success. It was then that people began to realize the importance of controlling population.
從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,上述的句子都不難,或者可以說(shuō)是考生相當(dāng)熟悉的。然而在寫(xiě)作考試中,多
《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-怎樣寫(xiě)好英語(yǔ)句子之一》由留學(xué)liuxue86.com編輯整理

