想要提高語(yǔ)法不僅僅需要多記憶語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，多做語(yǔ)法題目也是非常必要的。出國(guó)留學(xué)網(wǎng)(www.liuxue86.com)四六級(jí)頻道小編為同學(xué)們整理了英語(yǔ)六級(jí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣例題及解析，供大家練練手!
1、 Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed
C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed
解析：(C)在表示要求、愿望、建議、請(qǐng)求、命令等含義的名詞同位語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，即should(可以省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。
2、 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. was
解析：(D)本道題目的前半句話是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的一種假設(shè)，但事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有發(fā)生，而事實(shí)上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的真實(shí)原因是句子的后半部分由but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折句所表述的真實(shí)。因而but所引導(dǎo)的句子中應(yīng)該用表示志過(guò)去事實(shí)相符合的表陳述的時(shí)態(tài)，即一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
3. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A. offend B. had offended C. should have offended D. might have offended
解析：(B)此題要求在if從句中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞形式，以主句中的動(dòng)詞apologize(抱歉)來(lái)看，if從句中表達(dá)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是過(guò)去做的事，因此可以排除(A)，因?yàn)?A)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(C)中should+have+過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示本來(lái)應(yīng)該做卻沒(méi)有做的事，在此不合題意。(D)選項(xiàng)中的might+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情很不肯定的猜測(cè)，它表達(dá)的內(nèi)容還不能成為事實(shí)，所以藉此道歉真是不知從何說(shuō)起，因此此處也不合題意。(B)had offended表示當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作。這是復(fù)雜條件句：apologize 是現(xiàn)在，而條件句是表示對(duì)過(guò)去假設(shè)的條件句。
4. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d there by now.
A. be B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
解析：該句也是一個(gè)復(fù)雜條件句(或稱作混合虛擬條件句)。條件句表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，而主句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)，但事實(shí)上卻與此相反，所以正確答案應(yīng)該是(A)。
5. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.
A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling
解析：if引導(dǎo)的從句要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示同時(shí)或?qū)?lái)的情況，動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞用were)或would(could等)+動(dòng)詞原形，本句話中指的是當(dāng)時(shí)的情況，所以要用過(guò)去式，故(A)是正確答案。
6. If the Watergate Incident______ Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.
A. did not occur B. had not occurred C. was not occurring D. be circling
解析：(B)had not occurred表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，條件句中要用過(guò)去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形的過(guò)去分詞。
7. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped ______ .
A. him calling me B. that he would call me C. him to call me D. that he call me
解析：(B)had hoped是常見(jiàn)的要求其后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句型,虛擬語(yǔ)氣would+動(dòng)詞原形。
8. George would certainly have attended the proceedings ______ .
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself
解析：表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，主句動(dòng)詞形式為would(should, could, might)+have+過(guò)去分詞，條件句為過(guò)去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主語(yǔ)前面。(B)，(D)的表達(dá)不符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，所以(C)是正確答案。
9. The teacher suggested that her students ______experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his
解析：(A)suggest后面的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式，其形式為should(可以省略)+動(dòng)詞原形。
10. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were B. had been C. is D. has been
解析：(A).表示與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬。
11. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip______ a great success.
A. had been B. has been C. were D. was
解析：A.as though引導(dǎo)的與過(guò)去相反的虛擬。
12. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______ away for ages.
A. has been B. was C. is D. had been
解析：D.felt是過(guò)去式，所以該句是由as though引導(dǎo)的與過(guò)去相反的虛擬。
13. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he ______ as elephant.
A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift
解析：D.as if引導(dǎo)的與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬。
14. He described the town as if he ______ it himself.
A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees
解析：A.as if引導(dǎo)的與過(guò)去相反的虛擬。
15. Most insurance agents would rather you______ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.
A. do B. don’t C. didn’t D. didn’t do
解析：(D)would rather后接從句要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為過(guò)去式，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的假設(shè)，或?yàn)檫^(guò)去完成式表示對(duì)過(guò)去的情況的假設(shè)。
16. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.
A. hadn’t B. didn’t have had C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have
解析：(C)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作業(yè)已發(fā)生，所以主句中表示的虛擬是針對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的行為，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成式表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。
17. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology ______ .
A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved
C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved
解析：(C)這是一人含蓄虛擬條件句，通過(guò)介詞短語(yǔ)without,表示潛在的一種假設(shè)，而主句中的情況也早已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的一種假設(shè)，因此用would not have been achieved這一形式。
18. He told her to return the book in time so that others ______ a chance to read it .
A. may have B. will have C. would have D. might have
解析：(D)連so that引導(dǎo)的從句中要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種假設(shè)，形式為might+動(dòng)詞原形。
19. It is time that the government ______ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking
解析：(B)It is time that是一種要求從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的常見(jiàn)句型。虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。
20. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come
解析：(C)otherwise用來(lái)表示一種含蓄的虛擬假設(shè)，因?yàn)槭菍?duì)過(guò)去(yesterday)的情況的假設(shè)，所以應(yīng)該用would have come形式。
21. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldn’t be surprised if he ______ acting for a living one day.
A. had taken up B. takes up C. have taken up D. would have taken up
解析：(B)所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)表示對(duì)未來(lái)的情況的虛擬的形式should+動(dòng)詞原形，或是were to do，因此可以斷定if引導(dǎo)的條件句在這里最真實(shí)的條件句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故(B)是正確答案。
22. If I had seen the movie, I ______ you all about it now.
A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told
解析：(A)這是一個(gè)混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子，if條件句表示的是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)，而主句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在(now)的情況的假設(shè)，故用would tell形式。
23. I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t
解析：B.would rather引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣其謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式。
24. Mary ______ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received B. ought to have received
C. couldn’t have received D. shouldn’t have received
解析：C.注意單詞otherwise引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
25. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him. ( 1995年6月四級(jí)第46題)
A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned
C) would telephone D) had telephoned
解析：本題是與過(guò)去時(shí)相反的虛擬句，從句中用過(guò)去完成式，主句中用would have done。本句相當(dāng)于if we had known his telephone number，we would have telephoned him。答案是(A) would have telephoned。
26. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四級(jí)第44題)
A. has to get B. had got C. were to get D. could have got
解析：本句的意思是：“瓊不想馬上就工作，她認(rèn)為要是找了工作，就不能經(jīng)常探訪她的朋友了”。這說(shuō)明，瓊目前沒(méi)有工作。句中假設(shè)的情況在近期內(nèi)并不會(huì)存在。該條件句應(yīng)當(dāng)用表示將來(lái)情況的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用should或were to引出。因此C. were to get 是本題答案。選項(xiàng)A. has to get是陳述語(yǔ)氣的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不能用于虛擬條件句中。選項(xiàng)B. had got是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的過(guò)去時(shí)，不能表示將來(lái)時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)D. could have got不能用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句中。
27. Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ____ your advice.(1993年6月四級(jí)第70題)
A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed
解析：if only 引出感嘆句，意思是“要是……多好”，表示說(shuō)話人的一種愿望，希望發(fā)生(事實(shí)上不可能發(fā)生)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況。本句的全句意思是：“看我現(xiàn)在的處境多糟糕!要是我聽(tīng)從你的勸告多好”。事實(shí)上，句中的“我”沒(méi)有聽(tīng)從勸告，所以處境很糟糕。題中空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，答案是B。
28 .That tree looked as if it _____ for a long time.
a.hasn't watered b.had not been watered
c.didn't water d.wasn't watered
解析：本題測(cè)試as if 從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，as if 從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容完全與實(shí)際情況相反或純粹是一種假設(shè)時(shí)，通常使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
29. I'd rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.
a. don't do b.did
c.didn't do d.would do
解析：would rather 表示愿望，后接從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用過(guò)去時(shí)。
30. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice
a.follow b.would follow
c.had followed d.have followed
解析：本題測(cè)試if only 引起的感嘆句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if only 引起的感嘆句，相當(dāng)于“how I wish +賓語(yǔ)從句”。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句形式相同。
31. We are all for your proposal that discussion _____.(1998年6月四級(jí)第68題)
a. be put off b. was put off c. should put off d. is to put off
解析：全句意思是：我們都贊成你的建議，把討論推遲。答案是A。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用
在It's (high) time 之后的定語(yǔ)從句中需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。
32. It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time _____ ?(1995年6月四級(jí)第43題)
A. we are going home B. if she leaves
C. we went home D. if she had left
解析：“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)十六點(diǎn)鐘了，難道你不認(rèn)為該回家了嗎?”句中的“it's about time …”引起虛擬。因此答案是C。
33. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.(1998年1月四級(jí)第38題)
a. injure b. injured c. had injure d. would injure
解析：“這個(gè)瘋子被關(guān)進(jìn)墻上裝有襯墊的病房，以免傷了他自己。”在lest 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，(should )+ 動(dòng)詞原形。答案是a。
34. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though _____ out of the office.
A. went B. gone C. to go D. would go
解析：答案為：C. to go 。 as though或as if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí),從句中可省略主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ),如：1) She paused, as if to let the painful memories pass. (省略she wanted)
2) From time to time Jason turned round as though searching for someone. (省略he were)
3) The boy started, as if awakened from some dream. (省略he were)
由此可見(jiàn),本題中省略she wanted。
35. I'd rather you _____ by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
A. would go B. should go C. went D. had gone
解析：“我寧愿你乘火車去，因?yàn)槲覠o(wú)法想像在如此惡劣的天氣你呆在飛機(jī)里。”主語(yǔ)+would rather后接賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中謂語(yǔ)須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài),用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示希望過(guò)去實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài)。本題中原因狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),暗示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)發(fā)生的行為動(dòng)作,故選答案為 C. went。
36. _____ for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is.
A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be
解析：“要不是老百姓的及時(shí)投資，我們的公司不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣興旺。”本題測(cè)試交錯(cuò)時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句是表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的虛擬條件，if省略，主語(yǔ)it與助動(dòng)詞had倒裝。虛擬條件句也可寫成這樣：If it had nor been for the timely investment from the general public。這是重點(diǎn)句型，在各類測(cè)試中?？肌４鸢福?A. Had it not been
37. A safety analysis _____ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.
A. would identify B. will identify
C. would have identified D. will have identified
解析：“一次安全隱患分析本來(lái)會(huì)確認(rèn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)是潛在的危險(xiǎn)。不幸的是，這樣的分析從未做過(guò)。”這是對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間的虛擬，表示過(guò)去要做而沒(méi)有做的事。因而答案選 C. would have identified
A. worked B. would work C. work D. were working
解析：“過(guò)去男子一般都愿意他們的妻子在家里工作。”因?yàn)閜refer(寧愿)是欲望動(dòng)詞,其后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)需用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。 答案：C. work
39. Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams.
A. must have got through B. would have got through
C. would get through D. could get through
解析：本題前半句是表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件從句，后半句是表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的主句。相當(dāng)于：If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.本題的答案是B. would have got through。選項(xiàng)A. must have got through(肯定通過(guò))表示一種對(duì)過(guò)去事情的主觀推測(cè)，不是與過(guò)去事情相反的情況。另外，must不能用在虛擬條件句中。選項(xiàng)C.
would get through(就會(huì)通過(guò))是虛擬語(yǔ)氣現(xiàn)在時(shí)的一種表示方法，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。選項(xiàng)D. could get through(可能通過(guò))，could也可以用于非真實(shí)條件句里，表示與事實(shí)相反的情況，但這里，它只表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)或?qū)?lái)可能的事實(shí)相反。
40. I'd rather you _____ by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
A. would go B. should go C. went D. had gone
解析：主語(yǔ)+would rather后接賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中謂語(yǔ)須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣：用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài),用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示希望過(guò)去實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為或狀態(tài)。本題中原因狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),暗示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)發(fā)生的行為動(dòng)作,故選C. went。
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