通過ADO.NET存取文件

字號(hào):


    有時(shí)我們需要把一些大的數(shù)據(jù)對象如圖片、可執(zhí)行文件、視頻和文檔等數(shù)據(jù)存入數(shù)據(jù)庫。在MS SQL Server中,這要用到Image數(shù)據(jù)類型,可以保存多達(dá)2G的數(shù)據(jù)。以下給出一個(gè)通過ADO.NET和MS SQL Server實(shí)現(xiàn)的小小的例子。
    先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測試數(shù)據(jù)表。
    在查詢分析器中輸入并執(zhí)行以下語句:
    Create table [imgtable](
    [imgid] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [imgname] [varchar](100) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
    [imgData] [image] NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
    (
    [imgid]
    ) ON [PRIMARY]
    ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
    這要在你所選的數(shù)據(jù)庫中就多了一個(gè)名叫imgtable的表。
    VS中的代碼如下:
    using System;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Collections;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Data.SqlClient;
    using System.IO;
    namespace ADO_Demo
    {
    /// <summary>
    /// Form1 的摘要說明。
    /// </summary>
    public class ADO_Demo : System.Windows.Forms.Form
    {
    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
    private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;
    private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;
    private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
    /// <summary>
    /// 必需的設(shè)計(jì)器變量。
    /// </summary>
    private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
    public ADO_Demo()
    {
    //
    // Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器支持所必需的
    //
    InitializeComponent();
    //
    // TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 調(diào)用后添加任何構(gòu)造函數(shù)代碼
    //
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 清理所有正在使用的資源。
    /// </summary>
    protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
    {
    if( disposing )
    {
    if (components != null)
    {
    components.Dispose();
    }
    }
    base.Dispose( disposing );
    }
    #region Windows 窗體設(shè)計(jì)器生成的代碼
    /// <summary>
    /// 設(shè)計(jì)器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改
    /// 此方法的內(nèi)容。
    /// </summary>
    private void InitializeComponent()
    {
    this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
    this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
    this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();
    this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();
    this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
    this.SuspendLayout();
    //
    // button1
    //
    this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 48);
    this.button1.Name = "button1";
    this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
    this.button1.TabIndex = 0;
    this.button1.Text = "保存圖片";
    this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
    //
    // button2
    //
    this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 120);
    this.button2.Name = "button2";
    this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
    this.button2.TabIndex = 1;
    this.button2.Text = "顯示圖片";
    this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
    //
    // pictureBox1
    //
    this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16);
    this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";
    this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(312, 288);
    this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 2;
    this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;
    //
    // openFileDialog1
    //
    this.openFileDialog1.FileOk += new System.ComponentModel.CancelEventHandler(this.openFileDialog1_FileOk);
    //
    // button3
    //
    this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 200);
    this.button3.Name = "button3";
    this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);
    this.button3.TabIndex = 1;
    this.button3.Text = "讀取文件并打開";
    this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);
    //
    // ADO_Demo
    //
    this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
    this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(496, 317);
    this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);
    this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
    this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
    this.Controls.Add(this.button3);
    this.Name = "ADO_Demo";
    this.Text = "ADO_Demo";
    this.ResumeLayout(false);
    }
    #endregion
    /// <summary>
    /// 應(yīng)用程序的主入口點(diǎn)。
    /// </summary>
    [STAThread]
    static void Main()
    {
    application.Run(new ADO_Demo());
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 點(diǎn)擊打開文件對話框確定按鈕,將文件保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫中
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)
    {
    string filename = this.openFileDialog1.FileName;
    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert imgtable values(@imgname,@imgData)",conn);
    SqlParameter pm = new SqlParameter("@imgname",SqlDbType.VarChar,100);
    pm.Value = filename;
    SqlParameter pm1 = new SqlParameter("@imgData",SqlDbType.Image);
    FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open);
    int len = (int)fs.Length;
    byte[] fileData = new byte[len];
    fs.Read(fileData,0,len);
    fs.Close();
    pm1.Value = fileData;
    cmd.Parameters.Add(pm);
    cmd.Parameters.Add(pm1);
    conn.Open();
    try
    {
    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
    }
    private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
    {
    this.openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 從數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取bitmap圖片并顯示
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
    {
    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%bmp%'",conn);
    conn.Open();
    SqlDataReader dr;
    try
    {
    dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
    dr.Read();
    System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);
    //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];
    MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(sb.Value);//在內(nèi)存中操作圖片數(shù)據(jù)
    Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(Bitmap.FromStream(ms));
    this.pictureBox1.Image = bmp;
    dr.Close();
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
    finally
    {
    conn.Close();
    }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 讀取文件并保存到硬盤,然后打開文件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender"></param>
    /// <param name="e"></param>
    private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
    {
    SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%doc'",conn);
    conn.Open();
    SqlDataReader dr;
    try
    {
    dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
    dr.Read();
    System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);
    //或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];
    //FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C: emp.bmp",FileMode.Create);
    string filename = @"C:\" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(dr.GetString(1));
    FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Create);
    fs.Write(sb.Value,0,sb.Value.Length);
    fs.Close();
    //this.pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C: emp.bmp");
    System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(filename);
    dr.Close();
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
    finally
    {
    conn.Close();
    }
    }
    }
    }
    直接把整個(gè)文件讀取到內(nèi)存中的數(shù)組里對于小文件來說是沒問題的,但如果是大文件,特別是大小都超過了物理內(nèi)存的文件,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的內(nèi)存問題,需要分段讀取,并分段寫到數(shù)據(jù)庫。