Sherry: 上海新東方口譯研究中心成員，高級(jí)口譯翻譯明星教師。高級(jí)同聲翻譯。上海交通大學(xué)英語(yǔ)碩士、博士。知識(shí)淵博，旁征博引，充滿激情，深受廣大學(xué)生歡迎。參與編著新東方《高級(jí)口譯筆試備考精要》及《高級(jí)口譯全真模擬試卷》。
9.13高口翻譯參考答案(中翻英)
Confucius, an ancient Chinese sage, said: “He who uses his brain will govern; he who uses his strength will be governed.” It is a reflection of the demarcation of status in traditional Chinese culture and a direct determiner of career-choosing in China. White collar workers, in modern sense for those using their brains, are the envy of the society while blue collar workers, working by using their strength, are under pressure of inferiority despite their high wages.
In China, there goes another saying that all merchants are liars. It is generally believed that business is a despised profession in traditional culture as businessmen are profit-oriented, which runs counter to what men of complete virtues should pursue, valuing justice above material gains. However, going into business has become the primary choice for youth in choosing a career, who have shed the shackles of tradition towards modern consciousness.
隨心所欲不逾矩
翻譯是門玄妙的學(xué)問(wèn)，用中國(guó)古代圣人孔子的一句話總結(jié)，可謂是“隨心所欲不逾矩?！薄熬亍本褪且?guī)律，所以翻譯是科學(xué)。翻譯又是藝術(shù)。英文是比較科學(xué)的文字，說(shuō)一是一，說(shuō)二是二，比較精確。譯成中文，不可能完全統(tǒng)一。中文是比較藝術(shù)的文字，說(shuō)一是二，說(shuō)東指西，比較模糊，翻成英文，更難統(tǒng)一。
我們?cè)谏虾Ｐ聳|方的口譯翻譯課堂上始終和同學(xué)傳達(dá)“矩”，普遍的規(guī)律，語(yǔ)言的差別，翻譯的奧妙。翻譯要使兩種語(yǔ)言統(tǒng)一，在詞匯和詞組層面上的統(tǒng)一比較容易，在句子上的統(tǒng)一就要難些，在段落層次上統(tǒng)一，那就更難。
翻譯學(xué)家、語(yǔ)言學(xué)家形成共識(shí)，認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是形合的語(yǔ)言，漢語(yǔ)是意合的語(yǔ)言。
英國(guó)詩(shī)人雪萊在《西風(fēng)頌》中說(shuō)：
If winter comes
Can spring be far behind?
漢語(yǔ)中省略連接詞語(yǔ)if的譯文流傳廣：冬天到了，春天還遠(yuǎn)嗎？
漢語(yǔ)的意合和英語(yǔ)的形合由此可見(jiàn)一斑。
所以，我們?cè)跐h譯英的時(shí)候，合并原則是首要遵循的原則。
我們來(lái)看這一句：
現(xiàn)代意義上的“白領(lǐng)階層”是讓人羨慕的對(duì)象，而“藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層”即使工資較高，仍有被人看不起的壓力。
兩組對(duì)立的意義需要恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接，while是佳的選擇。如蘇格拉底曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：
Others live to eat while I eat to live.
我們可以這樣翻譯：
White collar workers, in modern sense for those using their brains, are the envy of the society while blue collar workers, working by using their strength, are under pressure of inferiority despite their high wages.
我們?cè)賮?lái)看這一句：
……，認(rèn)為商人“唯利是圖”，與君子重義輕利的追求背道而馳，所以在傳統(tǒng)文化中經(jīng)商是被人看不起的職業(yè)。
我們通過(guò)對(duì)于邏輯意義的分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)商人的唯利是圖與君子之道背道而馳，是從商受到輕視的原因，所以添加表示因果關(guān)系的連接詞語(yǔ)as 、since或because來(lái)把句子間的關(guān)系明朗化。同時(shí)， 與君子之道背道而馳是對(duì)于唯利是圖的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，可以通過(guò)定語(yǔ)從句體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。如下面譯文所示：It is generally believed that business is a despised profession in traditional culture as businessmen are profit-oriented, which runs counter to what men of completer virtues should pursue, valuing justice above material gains.
隨心所欲不逾矩，我們的譯文才能既合章法，又地道自如。
9.13高口翻譯參考答案(中翻英)
Confucius, an ancient Chinese sage, said: “He who uses his brain will govern; he who uses his strength will be governed.” It is a reflection of the demarcation of status in traditional Chinese culture and a direct determiner of career-choosing in China. White collar workers, in modern sense for those using their brains, are the envy of the society while blue collar workers, working by using their strength, are under pressure of inferiority despite their high wages.
In China, there goes another saying that all merchants are liars. It is generally believed that business is a despised profession in traditional culture as businessmen are profit-oriented, which runs counter to what men of complete virtues should pursue, valuing justice above material gains. However, going into business has become the primary choice for youth in choosing a career, who have shed the shackles of tradition towards modern consciousness.
隨心所欲不逾矩
翻譯是門玄妙的學(xué)問(wèn)，用中國(guó)古代圣人孔子的一句話總結(jié)，可謂是“隨心所欲不逾矩?！薄熬亍本褪且?guī)律，所以翻譯是科學(xué)。翻譯又是藝術(shù)。英文是比較科學(xué)的文字，說(shuō)一是一，說(shuō)二是二，比較精確。譯成中文，不可能完全統(tǒng)一。中文是比較藝術(shù)的文字，說(shuō)一是二，說(shuō)東指西，比較模糊，翻成英文，更難統(tǒng)一。
我們?cè)谏虾Ｐ聳|方的口譯翻譯課堂上始終和同學(xué)傳達(dá)“矩”，普遍的規(guī)律，語(yǔ)言的差別，翻譯的奧妙。翻譯要使兩種語(yǔ)言統(tǒng)一，在詞匯和詞組層面上的統(tǒng)一比較容易，在句子上的統(tǒng)一就要難些，在段落層次上統(tǒng)一，那就更難。
翻譯學(xué)家、語(yǔ)言學(xué)家形成共識(shí)，認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是形合的語(yǔ)言，漢語(yǔ)是意合的語(yǔ)言。
英國(guó)詩(shī)人雪萊在《西風(fēng)頌》中說(shuō)：
If winter comes
Can spring be far behind?
漢語(yǔ)中省略連接詞語(yǔ)if的譯文流傳廣：冬天到了，春天還遠(yuǎn)嗎？
漢語(yǔ)的意合和英語(yǔ)的形合由此可見(jiàn)一斑。
所以，我們?cè)跐h譯英的時(shí)候，合并原則是首要遵循的原則。
我們來(lái)看這一句：
現(xiàn)代意義上的“白領(lǐng)階層”是讓人羨慕的對(duì)象，而“藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層”即使工資較高，仍有被人看不起的壓力。
兩組對(duì)立的意義需要恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接，while是佳的選擇。如蘇格拉底曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：
Others live to eat while I eat to live.
我們可以這樣翻譯：
White collar workers, in modern sense for those using their brains, are the envy of the society while blue collar workers, working by using their strength, are under pressure of inferiority despite their high wages.
我們?cè)賮?lái)看這一句：
……，認(rèn)為商人“唯利是圖”，與君子重義輕利的追求背道而馳，所以在傳統(tǒng)文化中經(jīng)商是被人看不起的職業(yè)。
我們通過(guò)對(duì)于邏輯意義的分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)商人的唯利是圖與君子之道背道而馳，是從商受到輕視的原因，所以添加表示因果關(guān)系的連接詞語(yǔ)as 、since或because來(lái)把句子間的關(guān)系明朗化。同時(shí)， 與君子之道背道而馳是對(duì)于唯利是圖的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，可以通過(guò)定語(yǔ)從句體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。如下面譯文所示：It is generally believed that business is a despised profession in traditional culture as businessmen are profit-oriented, which runs counter to what men of completer virtues should pursue, valuing justice above material gains.
隨心所欲不逾矩，我們的譯文才能既合章法，又地道自如。