Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous
ages in knoeledge, there has been not corresponding increase in ___1___
wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdon”
and consider means of promoting them. There are several factors ___2___
that contribute to wisdon. Of there I should put first a sense of
promotion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors
in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become
more difficult than it used to owing to the extent and complexity of the ___3___
special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for
example, that you are engaging in research in scientific medicine. The ___4___
work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You
have no time to consider the effect what your discoveries or inventions ___5___
may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say) as
modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lower the infant ___6___
death rate, not only in the Europe and America, but also in Asia and
___7___
Africa. This has the little entirely unintended result of making the food
supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the
world that has the greatest populations. ___8___
Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom
becomes less necessary, for every such increase augments（增強(qiáng)）our ___9___
capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity
for evil, unless our purposes are unwise.___10___
答案及解析:
1. not -> no
Not和no都有否定意義，但not強(qiáng)調(diào)“不是”，而no強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有”；no修飾名詞，not則修飾形容詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞。此處corresponding increase為名詞性短語(yǔ)，所以要用no。
2. them -> it
此處的代詞指代上一行的wisdom，所以要把them改為it。
3.. used to -> used to be
owning to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或名詞性從句；used to用于表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)或常做的動(dòng)作，后接動(dòng)詞原形。通讀全句可知，本句為含有that引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)與主句的謂語(yǔ)為同一動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)可以省略。本句中，主句的謂語(yǔ)是has become而從句的謂語(yǔ)是used to be，因此此處的be不能省略。
4. engaging -> engaged
be engaged in sth / doing sth為習(xí)慣用法，意為“參加，忙于”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；engage in sth / doing sth同樣意為“參加，忙于”，但強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，一般不使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5. what -> that / which或 /
此處是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞the effect在從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)，所以這里要用that或which。而what只引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
6. lower -> lowering
此處是suceed in sth / doing sth，這里要把lower改為動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，in (enormously) lowering。
7. the -> /
洲和國(guó)家簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)前不加定冠詞。
8. has -> have
本句中，that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the parts，of the world是作后置定語(yǔ)，所以從句中的謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
9. less -> more
less與for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句在語(yǔ)意上矛盾。從句是在解釋“如果我們的目的是不明智的，那么隨著知識(shí)不斷增長(zhǎng)的能力只能被用于邪惡”。
10. unless -> if
if意為“如果”，unless意為“除非”，若unless正確，那么就與前面的therefore augments our capacity for evil在語(yǔ)意上矛盾。
ages in knoeledge, there has been not corresponding increase in ___1___
wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdon”
and consider means of promoting them. There are several factors ___2___
that contribute to wisdon. Of there I should put first a sense of
promotion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors
in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become
more difficult than it used to owing to the extent and complexity of the ___3___
special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for
example, that you are engaging in research in scientific medicine. The ___4___
work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You
have no time to consider the effect what your discoveries or inventions ___5___
may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say) as
modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lower the infant ___6___
death rate, not only in the Europe and America, but also in Asia and
___7___
Africa. This has the little entirely unintended result of making the food
supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the
world that has the greatest populations. ___8___
Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom
becomes less necessary, for every such increase augments（增強(qiáng)）our ___9___
capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity
for evil, unless our purposes are unwise.___10___
答案及解析:
1. not -> no
Not和no都有否定意義，但not強(qiáng)調(diào)“不是”，而no強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有”；no修飾名詞，not則修飾形容詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞。此處corresponding increase為名詞性短語(yǔ)，所以要用no。
2. them -> it
此處的代詞指代上一行的wisdom，所以要把them改為it。
3.. used to -> used to be
owning to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或名詞性從句；used to用于表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)或常做的動(dòng)作，后接動(dòng)詞原形。通讀全句可知，本句為含有that引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。在比較狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)與主句的謂語(yǔ)為同一動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)可以省略。本句中，主句的謂語(yǔ)是has become而從句的謂語(yǔ)是used to be，因此此處的be不能省略。
4. engaging -> engaged
be engaged in sth / doing sth為習(xí)慣用法，意為“參加，忙于”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；engage in sth / doing sth同樣意為“參加，忙于”，但強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，一般不使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5. what -> that / which或 /
此處是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞the effect在從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)，所以這里要用that或which。而what只引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
6. lower -> lowering
此處是suceed in sth / doing sth，這里要把lower改為動(dòng)名詞形式作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，in (enormously) lowering。
7. the -> /
洲和國(guó)家簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)前不加定冠詞。
8. has -> have
本句中，that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the parts，of the world是作后置定語(yǔ)，所以從句中的謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
9. less -> more
less與for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句在語(yǔ)意上矛盾。從句是在解釋“如果我們的目的是不明智的，那么隨著知識(shí)不斷增長(zhǎng)的能力只能被用于邪惡”。
10. unless -> if
if意為“如果”，unless意為“除非”，若unless正確，那么就與前面的therefore augments our capacity for evil在語(yǔ)意上矛盾。