1.adherence和 adhesion
這兩個詞都是“粘附的”意思。
adherence用于比喻的意思。例如:His adherence to the strict letter of the law.
adhesion是指物質(zhì)上的。
2. adjacent ,adjoining,和 contiguous
這些詞都有next to“緊挨”的意思。
adjacent “毗鄰的,鄰近的”,但它們可能并不相互直接接觸。
adjoining 和 contiguous 指相互接觸,通常之間有一個edge 或 boundary。
3.admission 和 admittance
它們都有“the act of entering”的意思。
但admission用于公共場合。 The price of admission to the gallery is £5.
admittance不指公共場合,一般指私人的住所。
4. adopted 和 adoptive
adopted“收養(yǎng)的,過繼的” an adopted son(daughter)養(yǎng)子(女); my adopted country 我所入籍的國家; adopted words 外來語。
adoptive “收養(yǎng)的”,我們說 adoptive parents, 但很少說adoptive child; “采用的”,“假冒的” an adoptive courage 假充勇敢。
5.averse 和 adverse
adverse“不利的,反對的”,用于事,不用于人。adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.
averse “嫌惡的,反對的,不樂意的”,常和“to”一起使用,而且用否定形式。
6.advise 和advice
advise“勸告”(動詞);advice “勸告”(名詞)。
7.affect 和 effect
affect vt.,“影響”,它的第二個意思是“假裝”,Though she affected indifference, I knew she was really very upset.
effect n. “結(jié)果”,“效力”。vt. “產(chǎn)生”,“導致”,它比“to cause, to bring out” 更為正式。 His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.
8.all ready和 already
all ready 意思是“completely prepared”
already“已經(jīng)”。He had already had his lunch.
9.altogether 和all together
altogether(in total) “總共”
all together 意思是“in a group”。如:We put the sheep all together in one field. 這兩個詞還可以分開。We put all the sheep together in one field.
10. allude和 elude
allude “暗指”,“暗示”,“(婉轉(zhuǎn))提到”。
elude(to avoid or escape) “閃避,躲避”。如:to elude sb.’s grasp 逃脫,沒有被逮??;to elude the law 規(guī)避法律。The meaning eludes me.那個意義我摸不透。
11.illusion和 delusion
illusion “幻覺,錯覺” be under no illusion about sth. 對某事不存幻想。
delusion“欺騙,迷惑” He suffers from the delusion that he’s attractive to women. 他糊里糊涂地認為自己對女人很有吸引力。
12.amended 和emend
amended(to alter or add to something) “訂正,改正”,“修正(議案等)” 。an amended bill 修正案;amend one’s ways 改過自新。
emend(to correct errors in) “校訂”。 emend the text of a book??蹦硶?; He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers. 在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。
13.amicable和 amiable
這兩個詞都是指“友好的”意思。
amicable “友好的,親切的” 指行為或情景。The discussions were amicable, though businesslike. 討論雖然是商業(yè)形式,但也是友好的。
amiable “可愛的,和藹可親的” 多用于修飾人。Many people are afraid of him, though I found him to be perfectly amiable. 雖然我發(fā)現(xiàn)他特別和藹可親,但還是有很多人害怕他。
14.assent 和ascent
assent可用作 “agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。
ascent n. “上升,晉升”。the ascent of mountain 登山。
15.avert 和avoid
avert “防止,避免”。
avoid “回避,逃避”。 avoid bad company 避免和壞人來往;I cannot avoid seeing him. 我不能不見他。
16.besides和 beside
besides意思是“in addition to”“加之,還有,另外”;
而beside“在……旁邊”,“在……一側(cè)”。 Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father. 站在我爸爸旁邊的高個子男子是鄧肯。
17.coherence 和cohesion
coherence “統(tǒng)一,一致性”;
cohesion “結(jié)合力,團結(jié)”。the cohesion of molecules 分子的結(jié)合力。
18. compare with 和compare to
compare with “和……比起來”
compare to “好比”。 He compared the moon to a silver plate. 他把月亮比成一個大銀盤。
19.impel和 compel
impel “推動,驅(qū)使,激勵”。impel sb. to do sth. 激勵某人做某事;
compel “強迫,脅迫,迫使”。compel sb. to one’s will 強迫人服從自己。
20.complement和 compliment
complement “補足(物),補全”,“補足語”。
compliment “恭維話,贊辭,敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光臨,不勝榮幸。
21.confident 和confidant
confident “深信,確信,自信”。
confidant “心腹朋友”。 She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help. 她沒有知心朋友來幫助或是勸告她。
22.continual 和continuous
continual “連續(xù),繼續(xù)”;“頻繁的”;continual bouts of toothache一陣接一陣的牙痛。(這中間可能有停頓或間斷。)
continuous “連續(xù)”(指從不間斷的); We’ve had three weeks of continuous rain. 我們這里連續(xù)三周下雨不停。
23.might 和could
might 表明“possibility”。
could 用來表明“permission”. Mum said we could(might) go to the football match.
24.council 和counsel
council “議事機構(gòu)”,委員會; a cabinet council 內(nèi)閣會議。
counsel “商議,勸告”;follow sb.’s counsel close 牢記某人忠告。
25.creditable 和 credible
creditable “聲譽好的,可稱許(贊揚)的”;
credible“可信的,可靠的” He’s the only one without a credible alibi(辯解,托辭)。他是一個沒有可信托辭的人。
26.decisive和decided
decisive “果斷的,斷然的”; decisive measures 斷然的措施。
decided “明確的,無疑的”;a decided success 明顯的成功。
27.defective和deficient
defective(having a fault or flaw) “有缺陷的”。
deficient(lacking in what is needed) “不足的”; be deficient in 欠缺。
28.definite和definitive
definite(certain or clear, not vague) “明確的,一定的”。
definitive(authoritative, that cannot be improved)“限定的,決定性的,最后的”; definitive host 宿主;definitive organs 定形器官; definitive sentence 最后判決。
29.dependant和dependent
dependant n.(one who depends on another for support) 受贍養(yǎng)者。
dependent adj. “依靠的,依賴的”; He’s still dependent on state benefit. The rate of relief is dependent on one’s income.
30.discreet 和 discrete
discreet “考慮周到的,慎重的”。
discrete“分離的,分裂的”;On closer examination, we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colours.