人民日報記者：剛才總理介紹了昨天下午給一所小學的小學生寫回信，這是民生問題。民生是本次兩會代表委員最關心的問題，也是政府工作報告的關鍵詞。這份樸實的報告在民生方面出臺了許多新政策，也增加了這方面投入。請問總理，如何在制度上保證這些政策和資金真正落到實處、發(fā)揮效益，讓百姓得到實惠？
People's Daily: Premier, you just told us that yesterday afternoon you wrote back to primary school pupils. This concerns people's well-being. People's well-being is the biggest concern of the deputies to the two Sessions this year, and it is also the focus of the Report on the Work of the Government. In your report, which is down-to-earth in style, a number of policy initiatives for improving the well-being of the people and increased government input for this purpose are proposed. What systemic measures will be adopted to ensure the effective implementation of these policies and use of financial input so that people will benefit from them?
溫家寶：我們改革和建設的最終目的是滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的物質和文化需求，這就需要解決民生問題。民生問題涉及人們的衣食住行，但當前最重要的是促進教育機會的均等，繼續(xù)實施積極的就業(yè)政策，逐步縮小收入分配的差距，建立覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系。
解決民生問題，要有制度的保障。我們免除農(nóng)業(yè)稅和農(nóng)業(yè)特產(chǎn)稅是立了法的；我們實行免費的九年義務制教育是立了法的；我們將要開始的實行覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的低保制度也要用法制保障。我們正在擬定城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革方案，最終也要建立制度。有了制度，就不會輕易改變，就不會因為政府的更替和領導人的變化而發(fā)生變化。
解決民生問題要首先著眼于生活困難群體。因為在中國城鄉(xiāng)，生活困難群體占有相當大的比重，特別是農(nóng)民。一個船隊，決定它速度快慢的不是那個航行最快的船只，而是那個最慢的船只。如果我們改善了困難群體的生活狀況，也就改善了整個社會的生活狀況。
解決民生問題還要讓人民生活得快樂和幸福。這就要保障人民的民主權利，推進社會的公平與正義。記者也許問，什么叫快樂？我可以借用詩人艾青的一句詩：“去問開化的大地，去問解凍的河流?！?BR> Premier: The ultimate goal of our reform and development endeavor is to meet the increasing material and cultural needs of the people. So the well-being of the people needs to be improved. This issue concerns the daily life of the people. The most important thing we should do now is to promote equal opportunity in education, continue the pro-active employment policy, narrow the income gap and build a social security system that covers both urban and rural areas.
To improve people's well-being, we need institutional guarantee. We have legislation on rescinding the agricultural tax and taxes on special agricultural products. We have legislation on nine-year free compulsory education. And we will develop a legal framework for the system of urban and rural basic cost of living allowances to be established. We are drafting a plan to reform the urban and rural medical and health system, and the plan will eventually be institutionalized. Once the institutional arrangements are in place, it will not be easy to change things, and the institutional arrangements will not change simply because of the change of the government or leaders.
In addressing issues related to the well-being of the people, the focus of our efforts should be on the disadvantaged groups, because these groups are fairly large, particularly in rural areas. The speed of a flotilla is not determined by the fastest ship, but the slowest one. Unless the well-being of the disadvantaged groups is improved, the well-being of the whole society won't be improved.
To improve the well-being of the people, we should make people feel happy about their life. To do so, we must ensure people's democratic rights and promote social justice and fairness. You may ask: what do you mean by being happy? Let me quote a line from Ai Qing, a Chinese poet, "Go and ask the thawing land, go and ask the thawing river".
日本NHK電視臺記者：我想提兩個問題：第一個是日中關系?，F(xiàn)在，日中關系面臨著改善的時機，同時許多問題還沒有得到解決。您認為現(xiàn)在日中關系還有什么不足？在改善這種關系上需要做什么？另外一個是日本公民被綁架問題。中國對這個問題，今后能夠發(fā)揮什么樣的作用？
NHK: I have two questions. The first one is on Japan-China relations. Japan-China relations now have an opportunity for improvement. On the other hand, many problems remain. What needs to be done to improve these relations? My second question is on the abduction of Japanese nationals. What role can China play regarding this issue?
People's Daily: Premier, you just told us that yesterday afternoon you wrote back to primary school pupils. This concerns people's well-being. People's well-being is the biggest concern of the deputies to the two Sessions this year, and it is also the focus of the Report on the Work of the Government. In your report, which is down-to-earth in style, a number of policy initiatives for improving the well-being of the people and increased government input for this purpose are proposed. What systemic measures will be adopted to ensure the effective implementation of these policies and use of financial input so that people will benefit from them?
溫家寶：我們改革和建設的最終目的是滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的物質和文化需求，這就需要解決民生問題。民生問題涉及人們的衣食住行，但當前最重要的是促進教育機會的均等，繼續(xù)實施積極的就業(yè)政策，逐步縮小收入分配的差距，建立覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系。
解決民生問題，要有制度的保障。我們免除農(nóng)業(yè)稅和農(nóng)業(yè)特產(chǎn)稅是立了法的；我們實行免費的九年義務制教育是立了法的；我們將要開始的實行覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的低保制度也要用法制保障。我們正在擬定城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革方案，最終也要建立制度。有了制度，就不會輕易改變，就不會因為政府的更替和領導人的變化而發(fā)生變化。
解決民生問題要首先著眼于生活困難群體。因為在中國城鄉(xiāng)，生活困難群體占有相當大的比重，特別是農(nóng)民。一個船隊，決定它速度快慢的不是那個航行最快的船只，而是那個最慢的船只。如果我們改善了困難群體的生活狀況，也就改善了整個社會的生活狀況。
解決民生問題還要讓人民生活得快樂和幸福。這就要保障人民的民主權利，推進社會的公平與正義。記者也許問，什么叫快樂？我可以借用詩人艾青的一句詩：“去問開化的大地，去問解凍的河流?！?BR> Premier: The ultimate goal of our reform and development endeavor is to meet the increasing material and cultural needs of the people. So the well-being of the people needs to be improved. This issue concerns the daily life of the people. The most important thing we should do now is to promote equal opportunity in education, continue the pro-active employment policy, narrow the income gap and build a social security system that covers both urban and rural areas.
To improve people's well-being, we need institutional guarantee. We have legislation on rescinding the agricultural tax and taxes on special agricultural products. We have legislation on nine-year free compulsory education. And we will develop a legal framework for the system of urban and rural basic cost of living allowances to be established. We are drafting a plan to reform the urban and rural medical and health system, and the plan will eventually be institutionalized. Once the institutional arrangements are in place, it will not be easy to change things, and the institutional arrangements will not change simply because of the change of the government or leaders.
In addressing issues related to the well-being of the people, the focus of our efforts should be on the disadvantaged groups, because these groups are fairly large, particularly in rural areas. The speed of a flotilla is not determined by the fastest ship, but the slowest one. Unless the well-being of the disadvantaged groups is improved, the well-being of the whole society won't be improved.
To improve the well-being of the people, we should make people feel happy about their life. To do so, we must ensure people's democratic rights and promote social justice and fairness. You may ask: what do you mean by being happy? Let me quote a line from Ai Qing, a Chinese poet, "Go and ask the thawing land, go and ask the thawing river".
日本NHK電視臺記者：我想提兩個問題：第一個是日中關系?，F(xiàn)在，日中關系面臨著改善的時機，同時許多問題還沒有得到解決。您認為現(xiàn)在日中關系還有什么不足？在改善這種關系上需要做什么？另外一個是日本公民被綁架問題。中國對這個問題，今后能夠發(fā)揮什么樣的作用？
NHK: I have two questions. The first one is on Japan-China relations. Japan-China relations now have an opportunity for improvement. On the other hand, many problems remain. What needs to be done to improve these relations? My second question is on the abduction of Japanese nationals. What role can China play regarding this issue?