First，I think it is easy to imagine a world 100 years from now in which parents have much more control over the inheritance of children．Gene therapy and pre-implantation diagnosis for 6-8 cell embryos wilt be thoroughly assimilated into obstetrics technologies．Indeed all that remains／or such technologies to be assimilated are a few technological advances．First scientists must improve the ability，and reduce the cost，of successful in vitro fertilization． Second， in vitro fertilization(IVF) must be made more intimate，more thoroughly integrated with sexual reproduction．Couples who are not infertile will be reluctalit to use pre-implantation diagnosis until it is integrated，or at least not so disconsonant,with sexually-initiated and consummated reproduction．Infertility treatments today are in the dark ages in this regard．IVF is difficult，painful，risky，expensive，and culturally stigmatized．But advances are likelv．Think of this century．The birth control pill revolutionized sex by making it possible to have sexual relations without having children．The pill thus increased the control couples and individuals have over the meaning of their pregnancies．Similarly，Viagra promises to make sexual reproduction still more“voluntarY”while retaining the sense of intimacy associated with the use of sexual organs in reproductire activity．In the next 50 years pre-implantation diagnosis and infertility treatment will advance from a clinical and impersonal process to_something more realistically sexual in nature． Whether it is a pill，a method for extracting the products of sexual relations，or a non-invasive mode of in vivo gene therapy，there will be a way to integrate genetic diagnosis with other more ordinary reproductive activities．Today's public fears of genetic diagnosis assume that the use of such technologies will be alien，impersonal，and technologically difficult．But these fears can be allayed．At that point there will be widespread calls for the use of early embryo diagnosis．Couples who are not infertile will begin using diagnostic processes to sort embryos for desired characteristics．
How much should parents be able to use such technologies to design their offspring?What are the moral objections to design of offspring that are most useful in initiating public conversation?In my research group，we closely watch debates about uses of reproductive genetics．These matters are highly Doliticized．0n the one side there is enormous emphasis on the“rights”of individuals．A large number of mv colleaguas around the United States hold that we need to deal with prenatal diagnosis in the way that we deal with all matters of pregnancy，that is，in terms of the need to preserve the rights o{women to choose about their desired outcome．In the U．S．this trend began with Court decisions in this century
about abortion，which emphasized the importance of allowing parents to choose to be parents．The present US and pean policies allowing infertile and fertile couples tO do as much as they like with genetic testing are rooted in reproductive rights．[485 wordsl
1．Which of following may help design offspring?
A．In vitro fertilization．
B．In VlVO gene therapy
C．Infertility treatments．
D．Prenatal diagnosis．
2．In vitro fertilization is______sexual reproduction．
A．somewhat inharmonious with
B．much more advanced than
C．1ikely to replace
D．totally contradictory to
3．The example of birth control pill is used in this passage to illustrate that______．kaoshida.
A．people are enjoying more sexual freedom than ever before
B．it is possible to enjoy sex without worrying about having children
C．IVF will undoubtedly be further improved
D．the progress in medical science iS inevitable
4．According to this passage，the SUCCESS of Viagra______．
A．has re．volutionized sex to the same extent as the birth control pill
B．supports the idea that advances are likely in infertility treatment
C．proves that the improvement of sexual activities is unlimited
D．is nothing but an accidental incident in the development of medicine
5．The Court decisions about abortion are based on______．
A．the technologies to design offspring
B．the reproductive rights of human beings
C．the motal obligations
D．the U．S．current policies
How much should parents be able to use such technologies to design their offspring?What are the moral objections to design of offspring that are most useful in initiating public conversation?In my research group，we closely watch debates about uses of reproductive genetics．These matters are highly Doliticized．0n the one side there is enormous emphasis on the“rights”of individuals．A large number of mv colleaguas around the United States hold that we need to deal with prenatal diagnosis in the way that we deal with all matters of pregnancy，that is，in terms of the need to preserve the rights o{women to choose about their desired outcome．In the U．S．this trend began with Court decisions in this century
about abortion，which emphasized the importance of allowing parents to choose to be parents．The present US and pean policies allowing infertile and fertile couples tO do as much as they like with genetic testing are rooted in reproductive rights．[485 wordsl
1．Which of following may help design offspring?
A．In vitro fertilization．
B．In VlVO gene therapy
C．Infertility treatments．
D．Prenatal diagnosis．
2．In vitro fertilization is______sexual reproduction．
A．somewhat inharmonious with
B．much more advanced than
C．1ikely to replace
D．totally contradictory to
3．The example of birth control pill is used in this passage to illustrate that______．kaoshida.
A．people are enjoying more sexual freedom than ever before
B．it is possible to enjoy sex without worrying about having children
C．IVF will undoubtedly be further improved
D．the progress in medical science iS inevitable
4．According to this passage，the SUCCESS of Viagra______．
A．has re．volutionized sex to the same extent as the birth control pill
B．supports the idea that advances are likely in infertility treatment
C．proves that the improvement of sexual activities is unlimited
D．is nothing but an accidental incident in the development of medicine
5．The Court decisions about abortion are based on______．
A．the technologies to design offspring
B．the reproductive rights of human beings
C．the motal obligations
D．the U．S．current policies