2009年考研英語沖刺閱讀理解專項訓練122

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A survey of knowledge management,“Knowledge Unplugged”,published in 2001 by McKinsey, found that the best—performing companies were far more likely than the worst-performing ones to use creative techniques for acquirin9,processing and distributing knowledge--everything from emphasizing teamwork in product development to holdin9“idea contests”and trying to avoid boring daily routines.① But creating an atmosphere in which knowledge can be shared can be almost as challenging as obtaining it in the first place.This is the potentiaI prisoner’s dilemma of knowledge:the more valued it becomes,the less incentive employees have to share it with one another,at the risk of losing the competitive advantage of what they know—or,worse,seeing another profit at their expense.②This proves to be even more true at the company level.While firms might turn to external partners to enhance their knowledge base,the sharing will be incomplete without mutual trust.
     Since“knowledge”is such a vague term.it helps to have specific goals in mind when looking to gain more of it.Are you looking for information about your company,or industry in particular?Despite the general slowdown in executive education,there are still a number of courses devoted specifically to helping managers in given industries--technology,for example,or health care.@Are you more concerned with acquiring more knowledge,or putting it to better use?Do you need to move quickly,or is this a subject that needs to be explored in greater depth?
     And bear in mind that styles of learning vary.Some people will profit most from informal networkin9;some enjoy learning in a classroom;others will be able to take advantage of the company intranet.Be flexible in the pursuit of knowledge;it is better to set performance targets,concentrate on meeting them,and allow individuals and their teams to explore their own solutions.④Sometimes the best.way to generate knowledge is simply a bit of brainstormin9.
     The edition of Executive Education Outlook looks at the options available to executives in gaining knowledge,and enhancing what they already have.It includes a look at the state of distance learning-- neither the revolution the hype claimed it would be in the late l990s,nor completely dismissable--as a possible conduit of knowledge,the best place to go for new programmes in knowledge management,and a consideration of the demand for the best sources of knowledge:business—school academics.⑤
     Coming in June。Global Executive will also feature a series of Executive Dialogue interviews with prominent CIOs,further exploring the themes of information and knowledge gatherin9.Concentrating on knowledge now may be the best way to be prepared for the next challenges facing the business world.[446 words]
     1.According t0“Knowledge Unplugged”,______.
     A.it is not easy to create an atmosphere for people to share knowledge
     B.the worst-performing companies are not willing to hold“idea contests”
     C.emphasizing teamwork is the most effective technique for any company
     D.better knowledge management helps improve the performance of a company
     2.People are usually reluctant to share their knowledge with others because they are afraid that______
     A.its value will decline remarkably with more people sharing it
     B.they may become less competitive with more people sharing it
     C.it is more difficult for them to share knowledge than to obtain it
     D.they may fall into the potential prisoner’s dilemma of knowledge
     3.The author suggests that______ contributes most to creating knowledge.
     A.group discussion
     B.informal networking
     C.the company intranet
     D.novel style of learning
     4.According to the edition of Executive Education Outlook,distance learning______.
     A.is one of the best sources of knowledge
     B.is unlikely to become completely obsolete
     C.is an option for executives to acquire knowledge
     D.has never been thought of as an education revolution
     5.It is implied in the text that______.
     A.there are options for people to learn how to put knowledge to better use
     B.it is much easier for companies to share information than for individuals
     C.most people are more concerned with sharing knowledge than acquiring it
     D.there are more options for managers in health—care system to gain knowledge