二、匹配題
16、
第二部分：閱讀判斷(每題1分，共七分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了七個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑
Smoking來源:考試大網(wǎng)
Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.
Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.
Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.
1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
2. Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
4 ------ 請選擇 E
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,A,A,C來源:考試大網(wǎng)
解析：1. B.該題考察考生的推斷/或總結(jié)概括能力。利用hazardous(問題句中的修飾詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard(hazardous的名詞形式).該句說“自從1939年以來， 已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了許多次實驗以確定是否吸煙會對健康造成危害?！保?因此可以推斷出判斷“吸煙是否有害”并不容易。
2. A。借助常識判斷該句說法正確，因此答案可能是正確或沒提到(提示：違背我們常識和/或背景知識的內(nèi)容往往都是錯誤的)。利用題干中l(wèi)ife expectancy(新信息)作為答案線索詞，直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句： Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.該句說“研究小組所做出的研究結(jié)果都表明吸煙與壽命的縮短有關(guān)， 這些研究結(jié)果不容質(zhì)疑?！痹摼鋬?nèi)容與問題句的說法一致， 因此答案為正確。
3. A。 借助背景知識判斷該句說法正確，因此推測答案可能是正確或沒提到。利用題干中的lung cancer(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body.劃線結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)容說“從事這一領(lǐng)域研究的大部分研究工作者都認(rèn)為吸煙是導(dǎo)致肺癌的一個重要因素?！币虼伺袛鄦栴}句的說法正確。
4. C。 利用題干中的breast cancer(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，沒有在文章中找到包含該答案線索詞的句子， 所以判斷問題句的說法為“沒提到”。
17、考試大論壇
5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
6. Nicotine is poisonous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,A,B
解析：5. B。 該題考察考生的推斷能力。 利用題干中的heart disease，male smokers， female smokers(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句： Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.以上兩句說“男性煙民死于心臟病的概率高于男性不吸煙者。 女性煙民被認(rèn)為受到較小的影響， 因為她們不會象男性煙民那樣把煙深深地吸入肺里”。綜合這兩句內(nèi)容可以得出的結(jié)論應(yīng)該是“女性煙民死于心臟病的概率要低于男性煙民”， 因此判斷問題句的說法不正確。
6. A。 借助背景知識判斷該句說法正確，因此推測答案可能是正確或沒提到。利用題干中的Nicotine(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)詞句：There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar(焦油). 該題考察考生對非限制定語從句的理解。 which is powerful poison是非限制定語從句， 修飾前面的名詞Nicotine， 該從句的內(nèi)容是“有著很強的毒性的(尼古丁)”， 因此判斷問題句的說法正確。
7.B. 利用題干中的Filters(過濾器) 和 low tar tobacco(低焦油)作為答案線索詞，這樣在文章中找到直接答案相關(guān)句：Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.該句說：“但是它們(過濾器和低焦油)只能稍微減少吸煙的危險， 而不能消除吸煙的危險”， 因此判斷問題句(過濾器和低焦油使吸煙更加安全)不正確(因為“過濾器和低焦油使吸煙更加安全”這種說法的言外之意就是“吸煙本身是安全的， 而過濾器和低焦油能使吸煙更加安全”， 顯然這與文章的主題—“吸煙有害健康”不一致。)。
16、
第二部分：閱讀判斷(每題1分，共七分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了七個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑
Smoking來源:考試大網(wǎng)
Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.
Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.
Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.
1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
2. Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
4 ------ 請選擇 E
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,A,A,C來源:考試大網(wǎng)
解析：1. B.該題考察考生的推斷/或總結(jié)概括能力。利用hazardous(問題句中的修飾詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard(hazardous的名詞形式).該句說“自從1939年以來， 已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了許多次實驗以確定是否吸煙會對健康造成危害?！保?因此可以推斷出判斷“吸煙是否有害”并不容易。
2. A。借助常識判斷該句說法正確，因此答案可能是正確或沒提到(提示：違背我們常識和/或背景知識的內(nèi)容往往都是錯誤的)。利用題干中l(wèi)ife expectancy(新信息)作為答案線索詞，直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句： Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.該句說“研究小組所做出的研究結(jié)果都表明吸煙與壽命的縮短有關(guān)， 這些研究結(jié)果不容質(zhì)疑?！痹摼鋬?nèi)容與問題句的說法一致， 因此答案為正確。
3. A。 借助背景知識判斷該句說法正確，因此推測答案可能是正確或沒提到。利用題干中的lung cancer(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body.劃線結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)容說“從事這一領(lǐng)域研究的大部分研究工作者都認(rèn)為吸煙是導(dǎo)致肺癌的一個重要因素?！币虼伺袛鄦栴}句的說法正確。
4. C。 利用題干中的breast cancer(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，沒有在文章中找到包含該答案線索詞的句子， 所以判斷問題句的說法為“沒提到”。
17、考試大論壇
5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
6. Nicotine is poisonous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案： B,A,B
解析：5. B。 該題考察考生的推斷能力。 利用題干中的heart disease，male smokers， female smokers(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句： Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.以上兩句說“男性煙民死于心臟病的概率高于男性不吸煙者。 女性煙民被認(rèn)為受到較小的影響， 因為她們不會象男性煙民那樣把煙深深地吸入肺里”。綜合這兩句內(nèi)容可以得出的結(jié)論應(yīng)該是“女性煙民死于心臟病的概率要低于男性煙民”， 因此判斷問題句的說法不正確。
6. A。 借助背景知識判斷該句說法正確，因此推測答案可能是正確或沒提到。利用題干中的Nicotine(特征詞)作為答案線索詞，這樣直接在文章中找到答案相關(guān)詞句：There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar(焦油). 該題考察考生對非限制定語從句的理解。 which is powerful poison是非限制定語從句， 修飾前面的名詞Nicotine， 該從句的內(nèi)容是“有著很強的毒性的(尼古丁)”， 因此判斷問題句的說法正確。
7.B. 利用題干中的Filters(過濾器) 和 low tar tobacco(低焦油)作為答案線索詞，這樣在文章中找到直接答案相關(guān)句：Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.該句說：“但是它們(過濾器和低焦油)只能稍微減少吸煙的危險， 而不能消除吸煙的危險”， 因此判斷問題句(過濾器和低焦油使吸煙更加安全)不正確(因為“過濾器和低焦油使吸煙更加安全”這種說法的言外之意就是“吸煙本身是安全的， 而過濾器和低焦油能使吸煙更加安全”， 顯然這與文章的主題—“吸煙有害健康”不一致。)。