2008年工程碩士GCT英語考試詞匯語法指導(dǎo)五十

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英語句子中的倒裝分為部分倒裝和全部倒裝(Full Inversion)。所謂部分倒裝是指將句子謂語部分的助動詞或情態(tài)助動詞置于主語之前,全部倒裝是指將整個謂語動詞置于主語之前。倒裝語序常出現(xiàn)在下列情況中:
    1. 為避免句子部分內(nèi)容重復(fù),英語中常用倒裝句,即:so (neither, nor)+be動詞(助動詞,情態(tài)動詞)+主語。例如:
    My father is an engineer; so is my husband.
    Jane didn’t attend my class yesterday; nor did Morris.
    注意:如表示贊同別人的陳述,so后面的部分不倒裝。例如:
    “Jim is a good-swimmer.”
    “So he is, and so is Dick.”
    2. 具有否定意義的詞或短語置于句首時,句子一般部分倒裝,即將be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞提到主語前。這類詞或短語包括:not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time, no sooner…(than), hardly…(when), not only…(but also)等。例如:
    Never has my brother been abroad before.
    Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door.
    No sooner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there.