——非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)（狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式）：（因?yàn)橛捎?、因此從而、要想為了?BR> 39. People, not realizing that water resources on the earth are limited, waste a great amount of water every day. 由于意識(shí)不到地球水資源的有限性，人們每天都浪費(fèi)很多水。
40. Citizens have the right to know the truth and supervise the celebrity, thus forming a kind of public opinion. 公民有權(quán)了解事實(shí)，監(jiān)督名人，從而形成公眾輿論。
41. Knowing that she can’t move ahead in her career mainly due to her leisure interests, Sara is determined to make a change. 意識(shí)到了事業(yè)沒(méi)有進(jìn)展是因?yàn)樗臉I(yè)余愛(ài)好所致，Sara決定改變自己。
42. Having placed great expectations on their son, they couldn’t hold back huge disappointment and anger when they learnt their son’s failure to pass the test. 他們對(duì)兒子期望甚高，所以聽(tīng)說(shuō)兒子考試不及格，不禁大失所望，很是氣憤。
43. With the improvement of living standards, more and more people begin to buy cars to meet the needs of work and life, thereby worsening the traffic problems. 隨著生活水平的提高，越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始買(mǎi)車(chē)來(lái)滿(mǎn)足工作生活的需要，因而使得交通問(wèn)題更加糟糕。
44. To learn a foreign language well, a good memory is a must. 學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)，好的記憶力很有必要。
45. To have a good memory, we must allow the brain to have enough sleep and rest. 要有好的記憶力，我們得讓大腦得到足夠的睡眠和休息。
——后置定語(yǔ)（定語(yǔ)從句的省略形式）
46. White people settling down in the North America were actually not the first immigrants to the New World. 在北美定居下來(lái)的白人實(shí)際上并不是第一個(gè)來(lái)到新大陸的移民。（主語(yǔ)）
47. Americans teaching in Third World countries find the lack of competition in a classroom situation equally distressing. 在第三世界教書(shū)的美國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn)，課堂里面缺乏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)同樣令人煩惱。
48. Many left-handed people have to learn to develop skills to live in a world dominated by right-handed people. 許多左撇子不得不培養(yǎng)自己在一個(gè)由右撇子們所主導(dǎo)的世界里生活的技能。（賓語(yǔ)）
49. Located at the west end of Bai Causeway, this cement terrace bounded by water on three sides is one of the traditional places to view the West Lake, especially on a autumn night with a full moon. 這塊水泥臺(tái)地位于白堤的西端，三面環(huán)水，是傳統(tǒng)的觀賞西湖的地點(diǎn)之一，尤其在滿(mǎn)月的秋夜。
50. You may find the value placed on competition disagreeable, especially if you come from a society that promotes cooperation rather than competition among individuals. 你會(huì)覺(jué)得強(qiáng)調(diào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)令人不悅，尤其當(dāng)你來(lái)自一個(gè)重視個(gè)體合作而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)時(shí)。
介詞結(jié)構(gòu)： （盡管、因?yàn)椤⑷绻?BR> 1. In spite of what has been achieved in controlling the birthrate, there is much to be desired. 盡管在人口控制上取得了成就，然而，還有許多工作要做。
2. Despite fierce opposition, the government is pressing on with its campaign to eliminate corruption. 盡管遭到了強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)，政府還是在推動(dòng)消滅腐敗的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
3. Despite the progress that has been made in recent years, the environmental situation in our region remains serious. 盡管近幾年取得了一些進(jìn)步，我們地區(qū)的環(huán)境狀況還是很?chē)?yán)峻。
4. Despite all those material benefits brought by wealth, it may not bring us real happiness.盡管金錢(qián)會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)許多物質(zhì)方面的好處，但它不一定能給我們帶來(lái)真正的幸福。
5. Despite the fact that you have done all that you can do, I still believe that you could have done a better job.
6. For all the scandals, Maradona is remembered for his skills and is loved by soccer fans around the world.
7. For all his talk about sports cars and swimming pools, he is just an ordinary bank clerk.
8. Some young people may have picked up smoking because of peer pressure. / The project has to be abandoned because of lack of funds.
9. Owing to the absence of some important delegates, the meeting was postponed to the next week.
10. As a result of the rapid advance in gene therapy, cures for cancer may be not far away.
11. Thanks to the efforts of anti-smoking groups, manufacturers are forced to put a warning on every packet of cigarettes. / Thanks to strict government policies, air pollution no longer poses a serious problem in many developed countries. （褒義）
12. I will agree to go provided that (providing that) my expanses are paid.
13. As long as we take effective measures, the problems caused by the aged society will be reduced to the smallest extent.
14. Without satellite services, we wouldn’t be able to view a live transmission of the Olympic Games. / Without adequate latest information necessary in his work, one will achieve no success in his career.
15. With money, they can buy cars, houses and many luxuries, and lead a comfortable life. / With private cars, people are able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making trips in their cars to the countryside or seaside at the weekends.
16. Throughout human history, war has always been the greatest source of pain and suffering.
17. Of all the problems confronting today’s university students, psychological anxiety is probably the most urgent one.在困擾當(dāng)今大學(xué)生的諸多問(wèn)題中間，焦慮或許是其中緊迫的問(wèn)題之一。
“It is …”句型：
（It + 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) + that…）
18. It is widely recognized (generally accepted) that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding. （眾所周知）
19. It is reported that 800000 applicants sat for the National Master’s Entrance Test in 2003. （據(jù)報(bào)道）
20. It must be admitted that the price war will disturb the normal order of the market. (必須承認(rèn))
21. It cannot be denied that the overgrowth of tourism may destroy the ecological balance of some scenic resorts. （不可否認(rèn)）
22. It is known to all that physical exercises can improve and enrich our physical and mental well-being. （眾所周知）
23. It is estimated that over 800,000 Chinese have moved to and settled down in the US in the past 150 years.
（It is + 形容詞 + to do sth / that…）
24. It is obvious /evident /clear /apparent that the situation is caused directly by excessive commercial fishing. （很顯然）
25. It is understandable (inevitable) that people’s attitudes are divergent on this controversial issue. （可以理解/不可避免的是）
26. It is unimaginable (incredible/unbelievable) that such a boy of 17 should have had three novels published. （難以置信的是）
27. It is imperative that something urgent be done to combat the widespread use of illegal drugs among teenagers. （…是很有必要的）
28. It is upsetting to find people who behave differently from us. We may, at first, assume that something is wrong with them. （…是令人惱火的）
29. It is highly necessary for our governmentto stop the corruption of government officials.（某人很有必要做某事）
30. It is important (vital) for everyone to participate in physical exercises, for they will do good not only to our body but also to our mind and personality.
31. It is currently difficult for a university student to find an ideal job upon his graduation, especially those majoring in fundamental courses such as history and mathematics
40. Citizens have the right to know the truth and supervise the celebrity, thus forming a kind of public opinion. 公民有權(quán)了解事實(shí)，監(jiān)督名人，從而形成公眾輿論。
41. Knowing that she can’t move ahead in her career mainly due to her leisure interests, Sara is determined to make a change. 意識(shí)到了事業(yè)沒(méi)有進(jìn)展是因?yàn)樗臉I(yè)余愛(ài)好所致，Sara決定改變自己。
42. Having placed great expectations on their son, they couldn’t hold back huge disappointment and anger when they learnt their son’s failure to pass the test. 他們對(duì)兒子期望甚高，所以聽(tīng)說(shuō)兒子考試不及格，不禁大失所望，很是氣憤。
43. With the improvement of living standards, more and more people begin to buy cars to meet the needs of work and life, thereby worsening the traffic problems. 隨著生活水平的提高，越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始買(mǎi)車(chē)來(lái)滿(mǎn)足工作生活的需要，因而使得交通問(wèn)題更加糟糕。
44. To learn a foreign language well, a good memory is a must. 學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)，好的記憶力很有必要。
45. To have a good memory, we must allow the brain to have enough sleep and rest. 要有好的記憶力，我們得讓大腦得到足夠的睡眠和休息。
——后置定語(yǔ)（定語(yǔ)從句的省略形式）
46. White people settling down in the North America were actually not the first immigrants to the New World. 在北美定居下來(lái)的白人實(shí)際上并不是第一個(gè)來(lái)到新大陸的移民。（主語(yǔ)）
47. Americans teaching in Third World countries find the lack of competition in a classroom situation equally distressing. 在第三世界教書(shū)的美國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn)，課堂里面缺乏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)同樣令人煩惱。
48. Many left-handed people have to learn to develop skills to live in a world dominated by right-handed people. 許多左撇子不得不培養(yǎng)自己在一個(gè)由右撇子們所主導(dǎo)的世界里生活的技能。（賓語(yǔ)）
49. Located at the west end of Bai Causeway, this cement terrace bounded by water on three sides is one of the traditional places to view the West Lake, especially on a autumn night with a full moon. 這塊水泥臺(tái)地位于白堤的西端，三面環(huán)水，是傳統(tǒng)的觀賞西湖的地點(diǎn)之一，尤其在滿(mǎn)月的秋夜。
50. You may find the value placed on competition disagreeable, especially if you come from a society that promotes cooperation rather than competition among individuals. 你會(huì)覺(jué)得強(qiáng)調(diào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)令人不悅，尤其當(dāng)你來(lái)自一個(gè)重視個(gè)體合作而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)時(shí)。
介詞結(jié)構(gòu)： （盡管、因?yàn)椤⑷绻?BR> 1. In spite of what has been achieved in controlling the birthrate, there is much to be desired. 盡管在人口控制上取得了成就，然而，還有許多工作要做。
2. Despite fierce opposition, the government is pressing on with its campaign to eliminate corruption. 盡管遭到了強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)，政府還是在推動(dòng)消滅腐敗的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
3. Despite the progress that has been made in recent years, the environmental situation in our region remains serious. 盡管近幾年取得了一些進(jìn)步，我們地區(qū)的環(huán)境狀況還是很?chē)?yán)峻。
4. Despite all those material benefits brought by wealth, it may not bring us real happiness.盡管金錢(qián)會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)許多物質(zhì)方面的好處，但它不一定能給我們帶來(lái)真正的幸福。
5. Despite the fact that you have done all that you can do, I still believe that you could have done a better job.
6. For all the scandals, Maradona is remembered for his skills and is loved by soccer fans around the world.
7. For all his talk about sports cars and swimming pools, he is just an ordinary bank clerk.
8. Some young people may have picked up smoking because of peer pressure. / The project has to be abandoned because of lack of funds.
9. Owing to the absence of some important delegates, the meeting was postponed to the next week.
10. As a result of the rapid advance in gene therapy, cures for cancer may be not far away.
11. Thanks to the efforts of anti-smoking groups, manufacturers are forced to put a warning on every packet of cigarettes. / Thanks to strict government policies, air pollution no longer poses a serious problem in many developed countries. （褒義）
12. I will agree to go provided that (providing that) my expanses are paid.
13. As long as we take effective measures, the problems caused by the aged society will be reduced to the smallest extent.
14. Without satellite services, we wouldn’t be able to view a live transmission of the Olympic Games. / Without adequate latest information necessary in his work, one will achieve no success in his career.
15. With money, they can buy cars, houses and many luxuries, and lead a comfortable life. / With private cars, people are able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making trips in their cars to the countryside or seaside at the weekends.
16. Throughout human history, war has always been the greatest source of pain and suffering.
17. Of all the problems confronting today’s university students, psychological anxiety is probably the most urgent one.在困擾當(dāng)今大學(xué)生的諸多問(wèn)題中間，焦慮或許是其中緊迫的問(wèn)題之一。
“It is …”句型：
（It + 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) + that…）
18. It is widely recognized (generally accepted) that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding. （眾所周知）
19. It is reported that 800000 applicants sat for the National Master’s Entrance Test in 2003. （據(jù)報(bào)道）
20. It must be admitted that the price war will disturb the normal order of the market. (必須承認(rèn))
21. It cannot be denied that the overgrowth of tourism may destroy the ecological balance of some scenic resorts. （不可否認(rèn)）
22. It is known to all that physical exercises can improve and enrich our physical and mental well-being. （眾所周知）
23. It is estimated that over 800,000 Chinese have moved to and settled down in the US in the past 150 years.
（It is + 形容詞 + to do sth / that…）
24. It is obvious /evident /clear /apparent that the situation is caused directly by excessive commercial fishing. （很顯然）
25. It is understandable (inevitable) that people’s attitudes are divergent on this controversial issue. （可以理解/不可避免的是）
26. It is unimaginable (incredible/unbelievable) that such a boy of 17 should have had three novels published. （難以置信的是）
27. It is imperative that something urgent be done to combat the widespread use of illegal drugs among teenagers. （…是很有必要的）
28. It is upsetting to find people who behave differently from us. We may, at first, assume that something is wrong with them. （…是令人惱火的）
29. It is highly necessary for our governmentto stop the corruption of government officials.（某人很有必要做某事）
30. It is important (vital) for everyone to participate in physical exercises, for they will do good not only to our body but also to our mind and personality.
31. It is currently difficult for a university student to find an ideal job upon his graduation, especially those majoring in fundamental courses such as history and mathematics