問法一般是：why does the author mention X? in order to ….細節(jié)題的提問方式多半是：what而這種題目多半是問why。
新TOEFL閱讀這種題目不是每篇文章都考的分為如下幾類
一、例子題
一般占出題機會的70%，why does the author mention X? X 本身是段落中出現(xiàn)的一個例子，這類題目是送分題，因為要么是先舉例后總結(jié)，要么是先概述后舉例，所以答案多半是繞過例子看概述，而概述的改寫是就本題的答案所在。
舉個中文例子：麗麗老師是個好人。有一次，我見到麗麗幫助盲人過馬路。作者提到了麗麗扶盲人過馬路 in order to？為了說明麗麗老師是個好人。
如：Male swans will engage in ferocious contests, with their necks entwined as they attempt to cause mortal injure to each other.
The author mentions their necks entwined in paragraph 2 in order to ___
A.to indicate that swans are really rather affectionate
B.to emphasize how long swans’ necks are
C.to make the point that the swans are only pretending to hurt one another
D.to create a mental image for the reader of fighting swans.
從本題來看，總結(jié)在前例子在后，本題作者相表達的是：ferocious contest 進一步描畫。
A表明天鵝很恩愛。無 B強調(diào)天鵝脖子長。 無 C．強調(diào)天鵝僅僅想假裝傷害對方。無同時加了絕對意義的詞成為錯誤選項的標志。所以正確答案為 D
注意：
1）如果原文有多個例子都是為同一主題服務(wù)的，則總結(jié)在第一例子出現(xiàn)處。
At the same time, the death rate, too, was falling. Urban living led to better sanitation, refrigeration, and water purification; it also resulted in better medical care as doctors and hospitals were more readily available. Most likely as a result of these factors, there were only eleven deaths per thousand annually by the early 1920s, which was half the rate of 1880s.
why does the author mention better medical care in paragraph 3?
A.It helps to explain why the birthrate is increasing
B.It is an example of a factor that contributed to the improved birthrate
C.It helps to explain why the death rate is increasing
D.It is an example of a factor that contributed to the improved death rate.
從上邊那段話，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)medical care只是分號后的一個內(nèi)容，而分號是帶有并列功能的句號，說明前部分也是同一方面的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)例子之前的概述和例子之后的總結(jié)所以正確答案應(yīng)該是D。
2）插入式舉例
如見到下列詞：for example for instance such as like especially particularly specially in particular 都屬于插入式舉例，這樣服務(wù)對象多半在前面。
二、下定義式的考題
A, B A---B---C A or B A which B 等形式
麗麗老師，一個共產(chǎn)主義戰(zhàn)士
此類題目定義的改寫就是正確答案
例1 In many species, members of the species exhibit aggressive behavior toward one another, often with a focus on territoriality, the fight for exclusive control of a particular area.(在很多物種中，一個物種中成員對另一個產(chǎn)生攻擊性行為焦點在地盤性，就是動物在防衛(wèi)其領(lǐng)土時的打斗行為)
Why does the author include the fight for exclusive control of particular area in paragraph 1?
A.It presents an argument against a previously stated point
B.It provides a definition of a previously stated term.
C.It presents a second area of focus of aggressive behavior.
D.It introduces a new idea to be further developed in the paragraph.
本題很明顯就是 territoriality, the fight for exclusive control of a particular area.是一個下定義的標準模式，正確答案： B
例2 Most bird species are known to be territorial to some degree, though the territorial behaviors exhibited by most species are limited to singing contests, which can go on for days or threatening postures with wing lifted or extended.
Why does the author mention singing contests in paragraph 2?
A.to demonstrate that birds create beautiful sounds
B.to provide an example of unusual behavior by birds
C.to show how violently aggressive some bird behavior is
D.to demonstrate that some types of territorial behavior are not very aggressive.
singing contests, which can go on for days or threatening postures with wing lifted or extended. 從后面的定語從句可以看出是下定義考點，所以根據(jù)定語從句內(nèi)容可以看得出是正確答案是D
三、邏輯關(guān)系詞的題
在段落中將某個邏輯關(guān)系詞劃線問why does the author mention “邏輯關(guān)系詞”?
這種題目的解法關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系詞所表述的含義如:
轉(zhuǎn)折連詞：however but although instead rather than 等詞的出現(xiàn)就是表明前后相反含義
因果連詞：because result in result from等詞的出現(xiàn)就是表明前后因果關(guān)系
遞進連詞：furthermore too also 等
舉個中文例子:麗麗老師很靚，但事實上，她長得很抽象。Why does the author mention但事實上?是因為前后邏輯關(guān)系相反。
例1The level of violence in territorial aggression varies widely from species to species, though few species fight other members of the species to death and instead rely on non-lethal contests for control of territory that involves noise-making maneuvers such as roaring.(在領(lǐng)土爭奪過程中的暴力水平是物種之間是有區(qū)別的，盡管很少有物種把對方打死而是代替的是依賴于非致命性的方式來控制領(lǐng)地包括發(fā)出噪音如吼叫)
Why does the author use the word instead in paragraph 2 to show that information that follows
A contradicts what precedes it
B expands upon what precedes it
C provides an example of what precedes it
D explains an effect of what precedes it
Instead顯然是一個邏輯關(guān)系詞表明前后相反含義所以正確答案應(yīng)該是A
例2 Unfortunately, Hubble telescope was initially delayed in relaying its first pictures back from space due to a simple mathematical miscalculation.
Why does the author begin paragraph 2 with Unfortunately?
A.it indicates that NASA has been unhappy with all of Hubble’s photograph.
B.It shows that NASA’s plan to use stars to orient the Hubble telescope was misguided
C.It emphasizes the need to have telescopes on Earth.
D.It indicates that high expectation were not initially met.
Unfortunately,表明了作者對Hubble 望遠鏡的態(tài)度。所在正確答案是D。
新TOEFL閱讀這種題目不是每篇文章都考的分為如下幾類
一、例子題
一般占出題機會的70%，why does the author mention X? X 本身是段落中出現(xiàn)的一個例子，這類題目是送分題，因為要么是先舉例后總結(jié)，要么是先概述后舉例，所以答案多半是繞過例子看概述，而概述的改寫是就本題的答案所在。
舉個中文例子：麗麗老師是個好人。有一次，我見到麗麗幫助盲人過馬路。作者提到了麗麗扶盲人過馬路 in order to？為了說明麗麗老師是個好人。
如：Male swans will engage in ferocious contests, with their necks entwined as they attempt to cause mortal injure to each other.
The author mentions their necks entwined in paragraph 2 in order to ___
A.to indicate that swans are really rather affectionate
B.to emphasize how long swans’ necks are
C.to make the point that the swans are only pretending to hurt one another
D.to create a mental image for the reader of fighting swans.
從本題來看，總結(jié)在前例子在后，本題作者相表達的是：ferocious contest 進一步描畫。
A表明天鵝很恩愛。無 B強調(diào)天鵝脖子長。 無 C．強調(diào)天鵝僅僅想假裝傷害對方。無同時加了絕對意義的詞成為錯誤選項的標志。所以正確答案為 D
注意：
1）如果原文有多個例子都是為同一主題服務(wù)的，則總結(jié)在第一例子出現(xiàn)處。
At the same time, the death rate, too, was falling. Urban living led to better sanitation, refrigeration, and water purification; it also resulted in better medical care as doctors and hospitals were more readily available. Most likely as a result of these factors, there were only eleven deaths per thousand annually by the early 1920s, which was half the rate of 1880s.
why does the author mention better medical care in paragraph 3?
A.It helps to explain why the birthrate is increasing
B.It is an example of a factor that contributed to the improved birthrate
C.It helps to explain why the death rate is increasing
D.It is an example of a factor that contributed to the improved death rate.
從上邊那段話，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)medical care只是分號后的一個內(nèi)容，而分號是帶有并列功能的句號，說明前部分也是同一方面的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)例子之前的概述和例子之后的總結(jié)所以正確答案應(yīng)該是D。
2）插入式舉例
如見到下列詞：for example for instance such as like especially particularly specially in particular 都屬于插入式舉例，這樣服務(wù)對象多半在前面。
二、下定義式的考題
A, B A---B---C A or B A which B 等形式
麗麗老師，一個共產(chǎn)主義戰(zhàn)士
此類題目定義的改寫就是正確答案
例1 In many species, members of the species exhibit aggressive behavior toward one another, often with a focus on territoriality, the fight for exclusive control of a particular area.(在很多物種中，一個物種中成員對另一個產(chǎn)生攻擊性行為焦點在地盤性，就是動物在防衛(wèi)其領(lǐng)土時的打斗行為)
Why does the author include the fight for exclusive control of particular area in paragraph 1?
A.It presents an argument against a previously stated point
B.It provides a definition of a previously stated term.
C.It presents a second area of focus of aggressive behavior.
D.It introduces a new idea to be further developed in the paragraph.
本題很明顯就是 territoriality, the fight for exclusive control of a particular area.是一個下定義的標準模式，正確答案： B
例2 Most bird species are known to be territorial to some degree, though the territorial behaviors exhibited by most species are limited to singing contests, which can go on for days or threatening postures with wing lifted or extended.
Why does the author mention singing contests in paragraph 2?
A.to demonstrate that birds create beautiful sounds
B.to provide an example of unusual behavior by birds
C.to show how violently aggressive some bird behavior is
D.to demonstrate that some types of territorial behavior are not very aggressive.
singing contests, which can go on for days or threatening postures with wing lifted or extended. 從后面的定語從句可以看出是下定義考點，所以根據(jù)定語從句內(nèi)容可以看得出是正確答案是D
三、邏輯關(guān)系詞的題
在段落中將某個邏輯關(guān)系詞劃線問why does the author mention “邏輯關(guān)系詞”?
這種題目的解法關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系詞所表述的含義如:
轉(zhuǎn)折連詞：however but although instead rather than 等詞的出現(xiàn)就是表明前后相反含義
因果連詞：because result in result from等詞的出現(xiàn)就是表明前后因果關(guān)系
遞進連詞：furthermore too also 等
舉個中文例子:麗麗老師很靚，但事實上，她長得很抽象。Why does the author mention但事實上?是因為前后邏輯關(guān)系相反。
例1The level of violence in territorial aggression varies widely from species to species, though few species fight other members of the species to death and instead rely on non-lethal contests for control of territory that involves noise-making maneuvers such as roaring.(在領(lǐng)土爭奪過程中的暴力水平是物種之間是有區(qū)別的，盡管很少有物種把對方打死而是代替的是依賴于非致命性的方式來控制領(lǐng)地包括發(fā)出噪音如吼叫)
Why does the author use the word instead in paragraph 2 to show that information that follows
A contradicts what precedes it
B expands upon what precedes it
C provides an example of what precedes it
D explains an effect of what precedes it
Instead顯然是一個邏輯關(guān)系詞表明前后相反含義所以正確答案應(yīng)該是A
例2 Unfortunately, Hubble telescope was initially delayed in relaying its first pictures back from space due to a simple mathematical miscalculation.
Why does the author begin paragraph 2 with Unfortunately?
A.it indicates that NASA has been unhappy with all of Hubble’s photograph.
B.It shows that NASA’s plan to use stars to orient the Hubble telescope was misguided
C.It emphasizes the need to have telescopes on Earth.
D.It indicates that high expectation were not initially met.
Unfortunately,表明了作者對Hubble 望遠鏡的態(tài)度。所在正確答案是D。