根據(jù)試題統(tǒng)計(jì)，動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法占語(yǔ)法考題中的50%左右，其內(nèi)容主要包括動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、要掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)將各考點(diǎn)分別歸納如下。
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：
時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment / minute / day / year
條件：if, unless, provided If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考點(diǎn)三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。
考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more … (越…越…) 句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)；與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用，表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。
We are having English class. The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995. I have learned English for ten years.
考點(diǎn)二：常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days
Has it stopped raining yet?
考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等
In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.
考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞＋that” 后面用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is my first time that I have visited China. That is the only book that he has written.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)
表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常與明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday,
last week, in 1945, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when。
考點(diǎn)一：used to + do 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞原形。
比較：be / become / get used to + doing 表示習(xí)慣于
He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用。
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意倒裝)
考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：
時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment / minute / day / year
條件：if, unless, provided If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考點(diǎn)三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。
考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more … (越…越…) 句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)；與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用，表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。
We are having English class. The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995. I have learned English for ten years.
考點(diǎn)二：常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days
Has it stopped raining yet?
考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等
In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.
考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞＋that” 后面用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
This is my first time that I have visited China. That is the only book that he has written.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)
表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常與明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday,
last week, in 1945, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when。
考點(diǎn)一：used to + do 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞原形。
比較：be / become / get used to + doing 表示習(xí)慣于
He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early.
考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)
表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用。
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意倒裝)
考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。