CET-4聽力理解中的A節(jié)（Section A）是十組男女對(duì)話，每組對(duì)話后第三人提出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)題，要求考生從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)答案。對(duì)話部分試題的題材多為人們熟悉的交際場(chǎng)合中的一般話題，如商店購(gòu)物、醫(yī)院看病、朋友聚會(huì)、家庭成員間交談等。聽力對(duì)話用的是口語(yǔ)體，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，句型豐富，有陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句、省略句等。聽力對(duì)話主要分成計(jì)算型、地點(diǎn)型、關(guān)系型、直接型、含蓄型等。由于此部分位于整套試卷的最前面，因此其完成的程度與質(zhì)量都直接影響著考生的情緒和心態(tài)。要做好這一部分，考生應(yīng)該做到：
一、 掌握一定的應(yīng)試技巧
1． 提前閱讀選擇項(xiàng)
在音響信號(hào)到來(lái)之前，將選擇答案快速瀏覽一遍，預(yù)測(cè)試題的信息類型，確定記憶的方向與重點(diǎn)。同時(shí)很快找出選擇答案中的異同點(diǎn)，將疑點(diǎn)按順序牢牢地儲(chǔ)存在記憶之中。這樣做的目的是刪繁就簡(jiǎn)、去同存異，為聽力理解做好思想準(zhǔn)備。
例1：
A. 5346785 B.5396785 C. 5356785 D.5326785
不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，上面的四個(gè)電話號(hào)碼，除了第三個(gè)數(shù)字不同外，其余的都一模一樣。在這種情況下，只要我們注意收聽不同部分，將這部分弄清楚，正確的答案就自然出來(lái)了。
2． 抓住關(guān)鍵詞等語(yǔ)言信息
話語(yǔ)中的實(shí)義詞（名、動(dòng)、形、副、數(shù)詞等）都是強(qiáng)讀詞。在語(yǔ)流中強(qiáng)而慢，通常都能聽清楚，實(shí)義詞是產(chǎn)生意義的關(guān)鍵詞。抓住關(guān)鍵詞，就能大大加強(qiáng)對(duì)語(yǔ)義的理解。除此之外，根據(jù)對(duì)話中的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音、句子中的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（否定式、比較句、虛擬語(yǔ)氣句、讓步和轉(zhuǎn)折、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)）等可以推測(cè)對(duì)話某一方的意圖、態(tài)度、要求及說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容；通過(guò)雙方所談話題或者說(shuō)話口吻可以推測(cè)他們的身份以及彼此之間的關(guān)系；根據(jù)說(shuō)話者之間的相互關(guān)系可以推斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所等。
例2：
W: Was the movie as good as you expected?
M: It was a waste of time and money. We should have stayed at home.
Q: How did the man feel about the movie?
He doesn’t want to stay home.
The movie is not good.
He wants to see the movie again.
The movie is just so-so.
在這組對(duì)話中，女方詢問(wèn)男方對(duì)電影的看法，男方?jīng)]有直接評(píng)價(jià)電影的好壞，而是說(shuō)去看這部電影是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，他們本應(yīng)該呆在家里的。暗含的意思是電影很差，不值得一看。聽錄音時(shí)抓住了男方用的關(guān)鍵詞（waste, money, time）及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句型(We should have stayed at home.)就可以選出正確答案B項(xiàng)。
3．邊聽邊快速記錄
當(dāng)對(duì)話中含有大量信息或需要進(jìn)行數(shù)字的簡(jiǎn)單推算時(shí)，僅靠記憶是不行的。所以數(shù)字、地名、方向、人名、日期、年齡等關(guān)鍵信息要迅速記下，可以用縮寫或自己能看懂的符號(hào)速記下來(lái)。例如下面的對(duì)話：
例3：
M: Operator, I’d like to place a call to Athens, Greece. How much will it cost?
W: $9 for the first three minutes, and $3 for each additional minute.
Q: How much would a ten-minute call cost?
A. $29 B. $25 C. $50 D. $30
這個(gè)對(duì)話牽涉到對(duì)數(shù)字的簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)算,即9+3×（10-3）=30。 如果不簡(jiǎn)單地記下來(lái),就很難理清那么多的數(shù)字信息。更不用說(shuō)快速得出答案了。
4． 注意力高度集中
Section A中每題材料都不長(zhǎng)，解題信息在一問(wèn)一答中，因此必須保持全身貫注的狀態(tài)，若解題過(guò)程中有個(gè)別難題拿不定主意，可任選一項(xiàng)，然后集中到下一題，千萬(wàn)不要一邊聽錄音一邊想著前一題的內(nèi)容，這樣將造成一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)，并會(huì)造成緊張情緒。
二、 熟悉各類題型的解題對(duì)策
1． Place and Direction 位置和方向題
例4：
W: London is a gorgeous city. From here you can see the palace guards.
M: Wait until we get to Paris and Madrid. And don’t forget about Rome.
Q: Where did this conversation take place?
A. In Rome. B. In Paris. C. In London. D. In Madrid.
此對(duì)話為直接型地點(diǎn)辨別題。只要聽清錄音中女方的講話就可以選出正確答案C。這類題關(guān)鍵是要從幾個(gè)涉及到的地名中選擇一個(gè)。這就要求考生要聽清問(wèn)題，根據(jù)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行選擇。
例5:
M: May I bring you something else? Some more coffee perhaps?
W: Nothing more, thanks. Just bring me my bill.
Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a post-office.
C. In a store. D. In a restaurant.
此對(duì)話為間接型地點(diǎn)辨別題。對(duì)話中沒有直接提到場(chǎng)所的名稱，但是出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞 “bring”, “coffee”, “bill”，通過(guò)這幾個(gè)反映環(huán)境特點(diǎn)的詞，我們就可以推測(cè)出對(duì)話可能發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)In a restaurant, 因此答案選D。做此類題的關(guān)鍵是要求考生平時(shí)收集一些特定場(chǎng)合、環(huán)境下出現(xiàn)的詞匯。
2．Numbers and Computation數(shù)字和計(jì)算題
例6：
W: I like your new shoes very much. How much are they?
M: Do you? $70. I got them on sale. They were 30 percent off.
Q: What’s the original price for the new shoes?
A. $30. B.$100. C.$70. D.$120.
這是一道價(jià)格計(jì)算題，從關(guān)鍵詞 “on sale”, “off”， “original price”, 以及其中的幾個(gè)數(shù)字 “$70”, “30 percent”我們可推算出正確答案為B。在回答這類問(wèn)題時(shí)，除注意聽數(shù)字外，還要注意一些增、減、倍數(shù)關(guān)系的詞，如more, less, earlier, late, prior to, before, after, percent, half, times等等。
3. Identification and Relationship身份關(guān)系題
例7:
W: I need two pieces of identification and your account number before I can cash your check, sir.
M: Here’s my driver’s license and a credit card.
Q: Who is the woman likely to be?
A. A physician. B. A student.
C. A bank teller. D. A policewoman.
此題從選擇項(xiàng)可確定是識(shí)別身份題，如果我們聽音時(shí)捕捉住關(guān)鍵詞(identification, account number, cash, check, credit card)就很容易明白對(duì)話內(nèi)容，即一方要兌換支票，另一方向其索要證件和帳號(hào)，因此可以斷定此對(duì)話地點(diǎn)在銀行，女方為銀行職員，所以正確答案應(yīng)該為C。做這類題要求學(xué)生熟悉對(duì)話中常見的職業(yè)及其有關(guān)詞匯，從而在聽音中迅速抓住關(guān)鍵信息詞，作出判斷，選出正確答案。
例8：
W: I would like everyone to hand in this lesson tomorrow.
M: Are you going to grade it or is this one for practice?
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Child and parent.
C. Waitress and customer. D.Teacher and student.
此題是對(duì)對(duì)話者之間的關(guān)系加以判斷，只要抓住關(guān)鍵詞 “hand in”, “l(fā)esson”, “grade”, “practice”，就可以判斷出正確答案D。身份關(guān)系題除在錄音時(shí)注意抓住信息詞外，還要體會(huì)說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)，從而準(zhǔn)確判斷出答案。
4. Direct Conversation直接題型
例9：
W: It is a miracle that Frank came out of the accident alive.
M: That’s true. His car is a total loss, you know.
Q: What do we learn from the above conversation?
A. Frank’s car was accidentally lost.
B. Frank was killed in a car accident.
C. Frank fell out of a car.
D. Frank survived a car accident.
此題是一道直接題型。根據(jù)四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)的Frank和原文中女方的講話“Frank came out of the accident alive”，與選擇項(xiàng)D 的句意一致。做這一類型的題目時(shí)，要求考生從四個(gè)選擇答案中選出一個(gè)和原文不但意義上一致，而且措辭也基本上相同的答案?？忌鷳?yīng)熟悉原文某個(gè)詞的同義詞或具有同樣意義的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，排除干擾，才能準(zhǔn)確做對(duì)此類題型的題。
例10:
M: I agreed with your proposal at the meeting this morning. It was a good one.
W: You should have backed me up when I needed it.
Q: What did the woman mean?
A. Her back hurt during the meeting.
B. He agreed that it was a good meeting.
C. It’s too late now because he didn’t support her proposal at the meeting.
D. The proposal should be sent back.
通過(guò)對(duì)話中女方所使用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)“should have backed me up...”可以看出男方應(yīng)該在會(huì)議上支持女方的建議，但他卻沒有這樣做，所以正確答案應(yīng)該選Ｃ。在做此類題時(shí)要特別注意聽力考試中常出現(xiàn)的幾個(gè)特殊的句式。例如否定式（no, not, hardly, seldom...）、虛擬語(yǔ)氣句、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（should have done, may/might/must/could have done）、讓步(although, even if, in spite of, unless...)和轉(zhuǎn)折(but, however...)等。
5.Implied Conversation含蓄題型
例11:
M: That was such an interesting movie! I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did.
W: I must admit that I dozed off after the first 30 minutes.
Q: How did the woman in the conversation feel about the movie?
A. She found it interesting. B. She found it boring.
C She found it informative. D. She found it lengthy.
此類題為含蓄題型，從原文中我們不能得到直接的信息，但通過(guò)女方的回答“I dozed off after the first 30 minutes”，我們可以推斷出正確答案B。
例12:
M: I think there is something wrong with your bike. If you don’t mind you can use mine.
W: When have you been so generous?
Q: What does the woman mean?
A. The man used to be very generous.
B. The man has never been so generous before.
C. The man is not willing to lend his bike.
D. She is unwilling to use the man’s bike.
通過(guò)此對(duì)話中女方回答語(yǔ)氣中的懷疑態(tài)度，我們可以判斷出正確答案為B。這類題要求考生理解字里行間的意義之后，根據(jù)對(duì)話中的某些詞、短語(yǔ)、句子及說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣推斷出說(shuō)話人所表示的意義，這樣才能得出正確答案。
一、 掌握一定的應(yīng)試技巧
1． 提前閱讀選擇項(xiàng)
在音響信號(hào)到來(lái)之前，將選擇答案快速瀏覽一遍，預(yù)測(cè)試題的信息類型，確定記憶的方向與重點(diǎn)。同時(shí)很快找出選擇答案中的異同點(diǎn)，將疑點(diǎn)按順序牢牢地儲(chǔ)存在記憶之中。這樣做的目的是刪繁就簡(jiǎn)、去同存異，為聽力理解做好思想準(zhǔn)備。
例1：
A. 5346785 B.5396785 C. 5356785 D.5326785
不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，上面的四個(gè)電話號(hào)碼，除了第三個(gè)數(shù)字不同外，其余的都一模一樣。在這種情況下，只要我們注意收聽不同部分，將這部分弄清楚，正確的答案就自然出來(lái)了。
2． 抓住關(guān)鍵詞等語(yǔ)言信息
話語(yǔ)中的實(shí)義詞（名、動(dòng)、形、副、數(shù)詞等）都是強(qiáng)讀詞。在語(yǔ)流中強(qiáng)而慢，通常都能聽清楚，實(shí)義詞是產(chǎn)生意義的關(guān)鍵詞。抓住關(guān)鍵詞，就能大大加強(qiáng)對(duì)語(yǔ)義的理解。除此之外，根據(jù)對(duì)話中的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音、句子中的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（否定式、比較句、虛擬語(yǔ)氣句、讓步和轉(zhuǎn)折、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)）等可以推測(cè)對(duì)話某一方的意圖、態(tài)度、要求及說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容；通過(guò)雙方所談話題或者說(shuō)話口吻可以推測(cè)他們的身份以及彼此之間的關(guān)系；根據(jù)說(shuō)話者之間的相互關(guān)系可以推斷對(duì)話發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所等。
例2：
W: Was the movie as good as you expected?
M: It was a waste of time and money. We should have stayed at home.
Q: How did the man feel about the movie?
He doesn’t want to stay home.
The movie is not good.
He wants to see the movie again.
The movie is just so-so.
在這組對(duì)話中，女方詢問(wèn)男方對(duì)電影的看法，男方?jīng)]有直接評(píng)價(jià)電影的好壞，而是說(shuō)去看這部電影是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢，他們本應(yīng)該呆在家里的。暗含的意思是電影很差，不值得一看。聽錄音時(shí)抓住了男方用的關(guān)鍵詞（waste, money, time）及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句型(We should have stayed at home.)就可以選出正確答案B項(xiàng)。
3．邊聽邊快速記錄
當(dāng)對(duì)話中含有大量信息或需要進(jìn)行數(shù)字的簡(jiǎn)單推算時(shí)，僅靠記憶是不行的。所以數(shù)字、地名、方向、人名、日期、年齡等關(guān)鍵信息要迅速記下，可以用縮寫或自己能看懂的符號(hào)速記下來(lái)。例如下面的對(duì)話：
例3：
M: Operator, I’d like to place a call to Athens, Greece. How much will it cost?
W: $9 for the first three minutes, and $3 for each additional minute.
Q: How much would a ten-minute call cost?
A. $29 B. $25 C. $50 D. $30
這個(gè)對(duì)話牽涉到對(duì)數(shù)字的簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)算,即9+3×（10-3）=30。 如果不簡(jiǎn)單地記下來(lái),就很難理清那么多的數(shù)字信息。更不用說(shuō)快速得出答案了。
4． 注意力高度集中
Section A中每題材料都不長(zhǎng)，解題信息在一問(wèn)一答中，因此必須保持全身貫注的狀態(tài)，若解題過(guò)程中有個(gè)別難題拿不定主意，可任選一項(xiàng)，然后集中到下一題，千萬(wàn)不要一邊聽錄音一邊想著前一題的內(nèi)容，這樣將造成一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)，并會(huì)造成緊張情緒。
二、 熟悉各類題型的解題對(duì)策
1． Place and Direction 位置和方向題
例4：
W: London is a gorgeous city. From here you can see the palace guards.
M: Wait until we get to Paris and Madrid. And don’t forget about Rome.
Q: Where did this conversation take place?
A. In Rome. B. In Paris. C. In London. D. In Madrid.
此對(duì)話為直接型地點(diǎn)辨別題。只要聽清錄音中女方的講話就可以選出正確答案C。這類題關(guān)鍵是要從幾個(gè)涉及到的地名中選擇一個(gè)。這就要求考生要聽清問(wèn)題，根據(jù)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行選擇。
例5:
M: May I bring you something else? Some more coffee perhaps?
W: Nothing more, thanks. Just bring me my bill.
Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a bank. B. In a post-office.
C. In a store. D. In a restaurant.
此對(duì)話為間接型地點(diǎn)辨別題。對(duì)話中沒有直接提到場(chǎng)所的名稱，但是出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞 “bring”, “coffee”, “bill”，通過(guò)這幾個(gè)反映環(huán)境特點(diǎn)的詞，我們就可以推測(cè)出對(duì)話可能發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)In a restaurant, 因此答案選D。做此類題的關(guān)鍵是要求考生平時(shí)收集一些特定場(chǎng)合、環(huán)境下出現(xiàn)的詞匯。
2．Numbers and Computation數(shù)字和計(jì)算題
例6：
W: I like your new shoes very much. How much are they?
M: Do you? $70. I got them on sale. They were 30 percent off.
Q: What’s the original price for the new shoes?
A. $30. B.$100. C.$70. D.$120.
這是一道價(jià)格計(jì)算題，從關(guān)鍵詞 “on sale”, “off”， “original price”, 以及其中的幾個(gè)數(shù)字 “$70”, “30 percent”我們可推算出正確答案為B。在回答這類問(wèn)題時(shí)，除注意聽數(shù)字外，還要注意一些增、減、倍數(shù)關(guān)系的詞，如more, less, earlier, late, prior to, before, after, percent, half, times等等。
3. Identification and Relationship身份關(guān)系題
例7:
W: I need two pieces of identification and your account number before I can cash your check, sir.
M: Here’s my driver’s license and a credit card.
Q: Who is the woman likely to be?
A. A physician. B. A student.
C. A bank teller. D. A policewoman.
此題從選擇項(xiàng)可確定是識(shí)別身份題，如果我們聽音時(shí)捕捉住關(guān)鍵詞(identification, account number, cash, check, credit card)就很容易明白對(duì)話內(nèi)容，即一方要兌換支票，另一方向其索要證件和帳號(hào)，因此可以斷定此對(duì)話地點(diǎn)在銀行，女方為銀行職員，所以正確答案應(yīng)該為C。做這類題要求學(xué)生熟悉對(duì)話中常見的職業(yè)及其有關(guān)詞匯，從而在聽音中迅速抓住關(guān)鍵信息詞，作出判斷，選出正確答案。
例8：
W: I would like everyone to hand in this lesson tomorrow.
M: Are you going to grade it or is this one for practice?
Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Child and parent.
C. Waitress and customer. D.Teacher and student.
此題是對(duì)對(duì)話者之間的關(guān)系加以判斷，只要抓住關(guān)鍵詞 “hand in”, “l(fā)esson”, “grade”, “practice”，就可以判斷出正確答案D。身份關(guān)系題除在錄音時(shí)注意抓住信息詞外，還要體會(huì)說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)，從而準(zhǔn)確判斷出答案。
4. Direct Conversation直接題型
例9：
W: It is a miracle that Frank came out of the accident alive.
M: That’s true. His car is a total loss, you know.
Q: What do we learn from the above conversation?
A. Frank’s car was accidentally lost.
B. Frank was killed in a car accident.
C. Frank fell out of a car.
D. Frank survived a car accident.
此題是一道直接題型。根據(jù)四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)的Frank和原文中女方的講話“Frank came out of the accident alive”，與選擇項(xiàng)D 的句意一致。做這一類型的題目時(shí)，要求考生從四個(gè)選擇答案中選出一個(gè)和原文不但意義上一致，而且措辭也基本上相同的答案?？忌鷳?yīng)熟悉原文某個(gè)詞的同義詞或具有同樣意義的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，排除干擾，才能準(zhǔn)確做對(duì)此類題型的題。
例10:
M: I agreed with your proposal at the meeting this morning. It was a good one.
W: You should have backed me up when I needed it.
Q: What did the woman mean?
A. Her back hurt during the meeting.
B. He agreed that it was a good meeting.
C. It’s too late now because he didn’t support her proposal at the meeting.
D. The proposal should be sent back.
通過(guò)對(duì)話中女方所使用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)“should have backed me up...”可以看出男方應(yīng)該在會(huì)議上支持女方的建議，但他卻沒有這樣做，所以正確答案應(yīng)該選Ｃ。在做此類題時(shí)要特別注意聽力考試中常出現(xiàn)的幾個(gè)特殊的句式。例如否定式（no, not, hardly, seldom...）、虛擬語(yǔ)氣句、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（should have done, may/might/must/could have done）、讓步(although, even if, in spite of, unless...)和轉(zhuǎn)折(but, however...)等。
5.Implied Conversation含蓄題型
例11:
M: That was such an interesting movie! I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did.
W: I must admit that I dozed off after the first 30 minutes.
Q: How did the woman in the conversation feel about the movie?
A. She found it interesting. B. She found it boring.
C She found it informative. D. She found it lengthy.
此類題為含蓄題型，從原文中我們不能得到直接的信息，但通過(guò)女方的回答“I dozed off after the first 30 minutes”，我們可以推斷出正確答案B。
例12:
M: I think there is something wrong with your bike. If you don’t mind you can use mine.
W: When have you been so generous?
Q: What does the woman mean?
A. The man used to be very generous.
B. The man has never been so generous before.
C. The man is not willing to lend his bike.
D. She is unwilling to use the man’s bike.
通過(guò)此對(duì)話中女方回答語(yǔ)氣中的懷疑態(tài)度，我們可以判斷出正確答案為B。這類題要求考生理解字里行間的意義之后，根據(jù)對(duì)話中的某些詞、短語(yǔ)、句子及說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣推斷出說(shuō)話人所表示的意義，這樣才能得出正確答案。