1. 狀語(yǔ)從句在句子中起狀語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)。狀語(yǔ)從句可分為：
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.
蘇珊每次進(jìn)程，總要去看望她奶奶。
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：
I will go where I am needed. 哪里需要我，我就到哪里去。
方式狀語(yǔ)從句：
I have changed it as you suggest. 我已經(jīng)按照你的建議作了改變。
原因狀語(yǔ)從句：
Mary didn’t go shopping because I advised her not to.
瑪麗沒(méi)有去購(gòu)物，因?yàn)槲覄袼灰ァ?BR> 目的狀語(yǔ)從句：
They worked hard in order that they might succeed.
他們努力工作，以便能夠獲得成功。
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：
Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.
廢物必須進(jìn)行處理，這樣它才不會(huì)成為危害生命的東西。
條件狀語(yǔ)從句：
If he works hard, he will surely succeed. 如果努力工作，他肯定會(huì)成功。
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：
Though we are all different, we need never be separate.
比較狀語(yǔ)從句：
I was happier than I had ever been in my life. 這是我一生中最快樂(lè)的時(shí)光。
2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：after
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：After, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as
Let's wait till the rain stops. 咱們等到雨停再說(shuō)吧。
Once the train is moving, there's no way to stop it.
火車一旦開(kāi)動(dòng)就沒(méi)辦法讓它停下來(lái)。
They were scolded whenever they were late for school. 每次他們上學(xué)遲到都挨罵。
3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：the moment
有一些表示時(shí)間的名詞短語(yǔ)也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：The minute, the moment, every time, the first time
The moment he reached the country, he started his search.
他一到達(dá)這個(gè)國(guó)家，就開(kāi)始他的探尋工作。
Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before.
每當(dāng)我看到那頂草帽，它就使我想起幾年前的那次旅游。
I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her。
我第一次見(jiàn)到她就覺(jué)得她誠(chéng)實(shí)而友善。
4. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：directly
有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校長(zhǎng)一進(jìn)來(lái)， 大家就安靜下來(lái)。
The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
那位年輕女士一聽(tīng)到響聲就沖進(jìn)房間。
5. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：as的用法
1）．某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生
As the sun rose the frog dispersed. 太陽(yáng)一出來(lái)霧就消散。
They strolled into the garden as the music ceased. 音樂(lè)聲一停，他們就走進(jìn)花園。
2）．在某事發(fā)生的過(guò)程中另一事發(fā)生
I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall. 我走過(guò)大廳的時(shí)候聽(tīng)到他們?cè)卩止臼裁?。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是一般時(shí)態(tài)）
Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 正當(dāng)他在說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，一聲巨響。
（從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）
3）．兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生
He smiled as he passed. 他路過(guò)的時(shí)候笑了一下。（兩個(gè)都是短暫動(dòng)作）
As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks. 她一邊唱歌，眼淚一邊從臉頰淌下。
Helen heard the story as she washed. 海倫一邊洗衣服一邊聽(tīng)故事。
He saw that she was smiling as she read.
他看到她一邊看著書(shū)一邊笑。（兩個(gè)都是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作）
We get wiser as we get older.
我們隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而變得聰明起來(lái)。（隨著時(shí)間的變化而變化）
6. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when的用法
以when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，既可用短暫性動(dòng)作也可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作。
I bought the car when I received my first salary.（短暫性動(dòng)作）我是在領(lǐng)第一筆薪水的時(shí)候買的車。
Don't get excited when you talk.（延續(xù)性動(dòng)作）說(shuō)話的時(shí)候不要激動(dòng)。
7. when 容易與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句混淆的例子
請(qǐng)注意：此項(xiàng)中when引導(dǎo)的都不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
She had just finished dressing when her guests came in.
她剛剛穿戴完畢，這時(shí)她的客人進(jìn)來(lái)了。
這里的when不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。所以它引導(dǎo)的是并列句。像這類問(wèn)題有以下主要特征：
when 后面的分句動(dòng)詞必須是瞬間動(dòng)詞，用于表示突然性：
We were about to start when it began to rain.正當(dāng)我們要出發(fā)的時(shí)候，突然下雨了。
1）.when 前面的分句是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著，突然門開(kāi)了，他的妻子走了進(jìn)來(lái)。
2）.when 前面的分句含有be about to, be on the point of:
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.
他正要出發(fā)的時(shí)候，突然有人敲門。
3）.when 前面的分句采用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或是過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：
We had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.
我們剛剛?cè)胨?，突然電話鈴聲響了?BR> The plane had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.
飛機(jī)播種了近一個(gè)月，這時(shí)天才下雨。
8. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：while的用法
以while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作。
They arrived while I was sunbathing. 當(dāng)我正在進(jìn)行日光浴時(shí)，他們來(lái)了。
While the discussion was still going on, Mr. Zhang came in.
當(dāng)討論還在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，張先生進(jìn)來(lái)了。
9. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句
because, as, since, 用來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。for雖然也是表示原因，但是它不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。
because 表示的因果關(guān)系，表達(dá)聽(tīng)話者未知的原因，because引導(dǎo)的從句通常放在后面，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可放在前面。because引導(dǎo)的從句可以用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
He got the job because he was the best candidate.
他得到那份工作，因?yàn)樗侨诉x。
“Why can’t I go?”“Because you are too young.”
為什么我不能去？因?yàn)槟隳昙o(jì)太小。
as 所表示的原因通常是聽(tīng)話者已經(jīng)知道的。因而它不是句子的中心。不能用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
As all the seats were full, he stood up. 由于所有的座位都滿了，他只好站著。
Perhaps she’ll need some help, especially as she’s been ill.
她可能需要幫助，尤其是因?yàn)樗恢庇胁 ?BR> since所表示的原因通常也是聽(tīng)話者已經(jīng)知道的。同樣since也不能用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要去，我也去吧。
for 從語(yǔ)法分析的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，它不是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，而是構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。 for 通常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，它通常不表示因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面的分句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。for-分句通常放在句末，for 之前有逗號(hào)。
He laughed little, for he was a sad man. 他很少發(fā)笑，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)多愁的人。
She was clearly upset, for her eyes were filled with tears.
她顯然心煩意亂，因?yàn)樗劭衾镲柡瑴I水。
10. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where，wherever引導(dǎo)。
Where he made mistakes, he admitted these willingly.
他在什么地方做錯(cuò)了事，他都樂(lè)于承認(rèn)這些錯(cuò)誤。
Put it where we can see it. 把它放在我們能看得見(jiàn)的地方。
Let’s go wherever this path will take us.
我們就順著這條小路走，走到哪兒就算哪兒。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
When Susan goes to town, she will visit her grandma.
蘇珊每次進(jìn)程，總要去看望她奶奶。
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：
I will go where I am needed. 哪里需要我，我就到哪里去。
方式狀語(yǔ)從句：
I have changed it as you suggest. 我已經(jīng)按照你的建議作了改變。
原因狀語(yǔ)從句：
Mary didn’t go shopping because I advised her not to.
瑪麗沒(méi)有去購(gòu)物，因?yàn)槲覄袼灰ァ?BR> 目的狀語(yǔ)從句：
They worked hard in order that they might succeed.
他們努力工作，以便能夠獲得成功。
結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：
Waste must be treated so that it does not become a danger to life.
廢物必須進(jìn)行處理，這樣它才不會(huì)成為危害生命的東西。
條件狀語(yǔ)從句：
If he works hard, he will surely succeed. 如果努力工作，他肯定會(huì)成功。
讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：
Though we are all different, we need never be separate.
比較狀語(yǔ)從句：
I was happier than I had ever been in my life. 這是我一生中最快樂(lè)的時(shí)光。
2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：after
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句由下列連詞引導(dǎo)：After, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as
Let's wait till the rain stops. 咱們等到雨停再說(shuō)吧。
Once the train is moving, there's no way to stop it.
火車一旦開(kāi)動(dòng)就沒(méi)辦法讓它停下來(lái)。
They were scolded whenever they were late for school. 每次他們上學(xué)遲到都挨罵。
3. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：the moment
有一些表示時(shí)間的名詞短語(yǔ)也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：The minute, the moment, every time, the first time
The moment he reached the country, he started his search.
他一到達(dá)這個(gè)國(guó)家，就開(kāi)始他的探尋工作。
Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before.
每當(dāng)我看到那頂草帽，它就使我想起幾年前的那次旅游。
I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her。
我第一次見(jiàn)到她就覺(jué)得她誠(chéng)實(shí)而友善。
4. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：directly
有一些表示時(shí)間的副詞也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：
Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校長(zhǎng)一進(jìn)來(lái)， 大家就安靜下來(lái)。
The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
那位年輕女士一聽(tīng)到響聲就沖進(jìn)房間。
5. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：as的用法
1）．某事一發(fā)生，另一事立即發(fā)生
As the sun rose the frog dispersed. 太陽(yáng)一出來(lái)霧就消散。
They strolled into the garden as the music ceased. 音樂(lè)聲一停，他們就走進(jìn)花園。
2）．在某事發(fā)生的過(guò)程中另一事發(fā)生
I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall. 我走過(guò)大廳的時(shí)候聽(tīng)到他們?cè)卩止臼裁?。（兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是一般時(shí)態(tài)）
Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 正當(dāng)他在說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，一聲巨響。
（從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）
3）．兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生
He smiled as he passed. 他路過(guò)的時(shí)候笑了一下。（兩個(gè)都是短暫動(dòng)作）
As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks. 她一邊唱歌，眼淚一邊從臉頰淌下。
Helen heard the story as she washed. 海倫一邊洗衣服一邊聽(tīng)故事。
He saw that she was smiling as she read.
他看到她一邊看著書(shū)一邊笑。（兩個(gè)都是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作）
We get wiser as we get older.
我們隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而變得聰明起來(lái)。（隨著時(shí)間的變化而變化）
6. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when的用法
以when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，既可用短暫性動(dòng)作也可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作。
I bought the car when I received my first salary.（短暫性動(dòng)作）我是在領(lǐng)第一筆薪水的時(shí)候買的車。
Don't get excited when you talk.（延續(xù)性動(dòng)作）說(shuō)話的時(shí)候不要激動(dòng)。
7. when 容易與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句混淆的例子
請(qǐng)注意：此項(xiàng)中when引導(dǎo)的都不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
She had just finished dressing when her guests came in.
她剛剛穿戴完畢，這時(shí)她的客人進(jìn)來(lái)了。
這里的when不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。所以它引導(dǎo)的是并列句。像這類問(wèn)題有以下主要特征：
when 后面的分句動(dòng)詞必須是瞬間動(dòng)詞，用于表示突然性：
We were about to start when it began to rain.正當(dāng)我們要出發(fā)的時(shí)候，突然下雨了。
1）.when 前面的分句是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著，突然門開(kāi)了，他的妻子走了進(jìn)來(lái)。
2）.when 前面的分句含有be about to, be on the point of:
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.
他正要出發(fā)的時(shí)候，突然有人敲門。
3）.when 前面的分句采用過(guò)去完成時(shí)或是過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：
We had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.
我們剛剛?cè)胨?，突然電話鈴聲響了?BR> The plane had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.
飛機(jī)播種了近一個(gè)月，這時(shí)天才下雨。
8. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：while的用法
以while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)作。
They arrived while I was sunbathing. 當(dāng)我正在進(jìn)行日光浴時(shí)，他們來(lái)了。
While the discussion was still going on, Mr. Zhang came in.
當(dāng)討論還在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，張先生進(jìn)來(lái)了。
9. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句
because, as, since, 用來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。for雖然也是表示原因，但是它不是從屬連詞，而是并列連詞。
because 表示的因果關(guān)系，表達(dá)聽(tīng)話者未知的原因，because引導(dǎo)的從句通常放在后面，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可放在前面。because引導(dǎo)的從句可以用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
He got the job because he was the best candidate.
他得到那份工作，因?yàn)樗侨诉x。
“Why can’t I go?”“Because you are too young.”
為什么我不能去？因?yàn)槟隳昙o(jì)太小。
as 所表示的原因通常是聽(tīng)話者已經(jīng)知道的。因而它不是句子的中心。不能用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
As all the seats were full, he stood up. 由于所有的座位都滿了，他只好站著。
Perhaps she’ll need some help, especially as she’s been ill.
她可能需要幫助，尤其是因?yàn)樗恢庇胁 ?BR> since所表示的原因通常也是聽(tīng)話者已經(jīng)知道的。同樣since也不能用來(lái)回答Why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要去，我也去吧。
for 從語(yǔ)法分析的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，它不是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，而是構(gòu)成一個(gè)并列句。 for 通常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，它通常不表示因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面的分句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。for-分句通常放在句末，for 之前有逗號(hào)。
He laughed little, for he was a sad man. 他很少發(fā)笑，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)多愁的人。
She was clearly upset, for her eyes were filled with tears.
她顯然心煩意亂，因?yàn)樗劭衾镲柡瑴I水。
10. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where，wherever引導(dǎo)。
Where he made mistakes, he admitted these willingly.
他在什么地方做錯(cuò)了事，他都樂(lè)于承認(rèn)這些錯(cuò)誤。
Put it where we can see it. 把它放在我們能看得見(jiàn)的地方。
Let’s go wherever this path will take us.
我們就順著這條小路走，走到哪兒就算哪兒。