一、詞匯部分出題的形式以及重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)：
1．選擇項(xiàng)為形近義異詞
例1．From her conversation, I __________ that she had a large family.
A. deduced B. decided
C. declared D. deceived
答案：A.
解析：本句的意思是“從她的談話中，我推斷出她有一大家子人?！?BR> Deduce推斷；decide決定；declare宣布；deceive欺騙。
例2． If you ________ the speed limit, you will get into trouble with the police.
A. exclude B. exceed
C. excuse D. execute
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“如果你超速，就會(huì)有警察找你麻煩。”
exclude 排除，拒絕； exceed 超過(guò)；excuse 原諒； execute執(zhí)行，實(shí)行。
2．選擇項(xiàng)為同義詞或近義詞
例1.He took his greatly _____ boat to repair.
A. damaged B. destroyed
C. wounded D. injured
答案： A
解析： damage, 動(dòng)詞，“損壞”，與destroy的區(qū)別在于destroy指“摧毀”，無(wú)法修復(fù)。這里由于有to repair,因?yàn)橛胐amage比較合適。injure, 動(dòng)詞，“傷害”，通常指對(duì)人的容貌、健康、財(cái)產(chǎn)、名譽(yù)等的損害。而wound指身體受到創(chuàng)傷。
例2.It is _____ for a person in his position to make such a mistake.
A. rare B. less
C. little D. few
答案： A
解析： rare： 此處的意思是：罕見(jiàn)的。本句的意思是：“一個(gè)處在他這樣位置的人難得犯這種錯(cuò)誤?！逼渌齻€(gè)詞不符題意。
又如：
Problems will__________ if you do it this way.
A. rise B. arise
C. raise D. arouse
答案：B
Tom ______more than twenty pounds for the dictionary.
A. spent B. pay
C. cost D. took
答案： A
3．選擇項(xiàng)為詞義完全不同的詞
例1：He was fully ____ of his own shortcomings.
A. sensitive B. sensible
C. serious D. sincere
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“他很清楚自己的缺點(diǎn)?！?BR> Sensitive敏銳的； sensible 知道的，覺(jué)悟的；serious 嚴(yán)重的； sincere真誠(chéng)的。
例2：When she heard the bad news, she _____ completely.
A. broke away B. broke up
C. broke down D. broke out
答案： C
解析： break down: 禁不住痛哭，（身體，精神）垮了. Break out: 爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生。Break up: 打破，打碎。Break away: 斷絕關(guān)系。
4．選擇項(xiàng)為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
例1．His business is growing so fast that he must____ more workers.
A. take up B. take on
C. take over D. take out
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“他的生意拓展很快，他必須雇傭更多的工人?！?BR> take up 從事； take on 雇傭； take over代替； take out 去除。
例2．I have to ______ my visit as I'll be very busy next week.
A. call for B. call on
C. call off D. call in
答案：C
解析：本句的意思是“下周我會(huì)很忙，所以不得不取消訪問(wèn)?！?BR> call for請(qǐng)求；call on號(hào)召，訪問(wèn)；call off取消；call in請(qǐng)，來(lái)訪。
5．選擇項(xiàng)為固定搭配
例I believe that every crime, __________ the circumstance, should be severely punished.
A. in spite of B. because of
C. instead of D. on account of
答案：A
解析：本句的意思是“我認(rèn)為不論何種犯罪都應(yīng)予嚴(yán)懲。”
in spite of 不論； because of 因?yàn)椋?instead of 代替； on account of因?yàn)椤?BR> 又如Rubber differs from plastics __________ it is produced naturally.
A. at that B. in that
C. for that D. with that
解析：本句的意思是“橡膠與塑料不同，因?yàn)樗翘烊划a(chǎn)品?！眎n that因?yàn)?。答案：B
一、詞匯題的答題技巧
1.選用表示增加遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有: besides, moreover（在什么基礎(chǔ)上還，更有甚者，而且……）, furthermore（與moreover同義）, but, in addition，again（再，又）, and, also, too。
例: _____ the last one, I answered all the questions.
A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. In addition to
答案: B
解析: Except for: 指對(duì)結(jié)論的修正.如:本句的意思“我回答了所有的問(wèn)題，除了最后一個(gè)”。因此，“except for the last one”是對(duì)前一句的修正。Except：除了……外. In addition to 除了……(包括).
2.利用表示比較或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有: but, however, although, in contrast（比較而言，相比較之下，常用于兩件對(duì)立的事實(shí)，指出其間的差異處）, instead of.
例: I work hard like a dog, _____ I have little salary every month.
A. so B. but C. and D. furthermore
答案: B
解析: 本句意思是:我工作特別刻苦,但是我的薪水卻很少!應(yīng)該選擇but。其他的幾個(gè)詞是指遞進(jìn)或是并列的關(guān)系.
3.利用表示因果生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有:because（因?yàn)椋? as（由于，因?yàn)椋? since（既然）, for（由于）, as a result（結(jié)果，因此）, thus（如此，這樣；因而，從而）, therefore（由此，因此）.
例: He is a very _____ person because he has done a lot of good things for the local people.
A. respectable. B. respectful. C. respective. D. respecting
答案: A
解析: 這句話的意思是:他是一個(gè)很受尊敬的人，因?yàn)樗麨楫?dāng)?shù)厝藗冏隽嗽S多好事。respectable可敬的，高尚的；respectful充滿(mǎn)敬意的，有禮貌的；respective 各自的，各個(gè)的；respecting是respect的分詞形式。
二、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)部分應(yīng)試技巧
1、注意在句子中尋找線索：
例1: When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she _____ two days before.
A. has left B. was leaving
C. would leave D. had left
答案： D
解析： 這句話的意思是: 我上一周去拜訪史密斯小姐的時(shí)候，被告訴她兩天前離開(kāi)了。注意前句中的時(shí)間線索，知道這個(gè)消息時(shí)是上一周，而史密斯小姐是在此之前離開(kāi)的，也就是“離開(kāi)”這動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
例2: Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the company ___.
A．has been accepted. B. have been accepted.
C．was accepted. D. were accepted.
答案： C
解析： 這句話的意思是: 在那家公司曾求職的兩個(gè)年輕人都沒(méi)有被錄用.
2. 如果題目是由兩句話組成，其中必有一句是為答題提供線索的:
例Don’t tell her the answer. Let her do the exercise _____ .
A. she B. her C. herself D. itself
答案： C
解析： 這句話的意思是: 不要告訴她答案,讓她自己做練習(xí).
3.注意及物和不及物的區(qū)別，注意主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
例: “The ceremony has already started.”“l(fā)ook! The flag is _____ now.”
A. being raised B. risen
C. being rose D. raising
答案： A
解析： 這句話的意思是: “儀式已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了.” “看, 現(xiàn)在旗正在升起.”
look,信號(hào)詞,進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).旗正在被升起來(lái),應(yīng)當(dāng)排除B,D. 注意rise和raise區(qū)別: 前者是不及物動(dòng)詞,不能用被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài).而后者是及物動(dòng)詞,可以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).故A正確.
4.注意區(qū)分一個(gè)句子中的主要?jiǎng)釉~與次要?jiǎng)釉~:
例1: Three people, _____ ,were injured in the accident.
A. including a child B. include a child
C. included a child D. includes a child
答案: A
解析:這句話的意思是: 三個(gè)人在那次事故中受傷了,其中包括一個(gè)孩子.注意:句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞性.這句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是injured, 這里include是一個(gè)分詞結(jié)構(gòu),表示一種從屬狀語(yǔ). Included,本句的主語(yǔ)是人,是一種主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以不能用過(guò)去分詞形式.
例2: _____ I saw was two men crossing the street.
A. What B. Whom
C. Who D. That
答案: A
解析: 這句話的意思是:我看到的是兩個(gè)男人穿過(guò)街道。這句話的主要?jiǎng)釉~是was，而不是saw那么我們選A，為什么不選擇B呢？如果選擇B，那么后面一定要說(shuō)清楚是張三還是李四。
5. 注意某些信號(hào)詞的辨認(rèn):
這些信號(hào)詞常見(jiàn)的有: for, otherwise, or.
例1: I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.
A. would have had B. could have had
C. should have had D. must have had
答案: D
解析: 我相信他一定是出了交通事故了，否則的話他該到了。Otherwise 信號(hào)詞。
例2: Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _____ by now.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. would have arrived D. would arrive
答案: C
解析: Or,信號(hào)詞。我相信他一定在路上出了什么事兒了，否則的話現(xiàn)在他該到了
1．選擇項(xiàng)為形近義異詞
例1．From her conversation, I __________ that she had a large family.
A. deduced B. decided
C. declared D. deceived
答案：A.
解析：本句的意思是“從她的談話中，我推斷出她有一大家子人?！?BR> Deduce推斷；decide決定；declare宣布；deceive欺騙。
例2． If you ________ the speed limit, you will get into trouble with the police.
A. exclude B. exceed
C. excuse D. execute
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“如果你超速，就會(huì)有警察找你麻煩。”
exclude 排除，拒絕； exceed 超過(guò)；excuse 原諒； execute執(zhí)行，實(shí)行。
2．選擇項(xiàng)為同義詞或近義詞
例1.He took his greatly _____ boat to repair.
A. damaged B. destroyed
C. wounded D. injured
答案： A
解析： damage, 動(dòng)詞，“損壞”，與destroy的區(qū)別在于destroy指“摧毀”，無(wú)法修復(fù)。這里由于有to repair,因?yàn)橛胐amage比較合適。injure, 動(dòng)詞，“傷害”，通常指對(duì)人的容貌、健康、財(cái)產(chǎn)、名譽(yù)等的損害。而wound指身體受到創(chuàng)傷。
例2.It is _____ for a person in his position to make such a mistake.
A. rare B. less
C. little D. few
答案： A
解析： rare： 此處的意思是：罕見(jiàn)的。本句的意思是：“一個(gè)處在他這樣位置的人難得犯這種錯(cuò)誤?！逼渌齻€(gè)詞不符題意。
又如：
Problems will__________ if you do it this way.
A. rise B. arise
C. raise D. arouse
答案：B
Tom ______more than twenty pounds for the dictionary.
A. spent B. pay
C. cost D. took
答案： A
3．選擇項(xiàng)為詞義完全不同的詞
例1：He was fully ____ of his own shortcomings.
A. sensitive B. sensible
C. serious D. sincere
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“他很清楚自己的缺點(diǎn)?！?BR> Sensitive敏銳的； sensible 知道的，覺(jué)悟的；serious 嚴(yán)重的； sincere真誠(chéng)的。
例2：When she heard the bad news, she _____ completely.
A. broke away B. broke up
C. broke down D. broke out
答案： C
解析： break down: 禁不住痛哭，（身體，精神）垮了. Break out: 爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生。Break up: 打破，打碎。Break away: 斷絕關(guān)系。
4．選擇項(xiàng)為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
例1．His business is growing so fast that he must____ more workers.
A. take up B. take on
C. take over D. take out
答案：B
解析：本句的意思是“他的生意拓展很快，他必須雇傭更多的工人?！?BR> take up 從事； take on 雇傭； take over代替； take out 去除。
例2．I have to ______ my visit as I'll be very busy next week.
A. call for B. call on
C. call off D. call in
答案：C
解析：本句的意思是“下周我會(huì)很忙，所以不得不取消訪問(wèn)?！?BR> call for請(qǐng)求；call on號(hào)召，訪問(wèn)；call off取消；call in請(qǐng)，來(lái)訪。
5．選擇項(xiàng)為固定搭配
例I believe that every crime, __________ the circumstance, should be severely punished.
A. in spite of B. because of
C. instead of D. on account of
答案：A
解析：本句的意思是“我認(rèn)為不論何種犯罪都應(yīng)予嚴(yán)懲。”
in spite of 不論； because of 因?yàn)椋?instead of 代替； on account of因?yàn)椤?BR> 又如Rubber differs from plastics __________ it is produced naturally.
A. at that B. in that
C. for that D. with that
解析：本句的意思是“橡膠與塑料不同，因?yàn)樗翘烊划a(chǎn)品?！眎n that因?yàn)?。答案：B
一、詞匯題的答題技巧
1.選用表示增加遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有: besides, moreover（在什么基礎(chǔ)上還，更有甚者，而且……）, furthermore（與moreover同義）, but, in addition，again（再，又）, and, also, too。
例: _____ the last one, I answered all the questions.
A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. In addition to
答案: B
解析: Except for: 指對(duì)結(jié)論的修正.如:本句的意思“我回答了所有的問(wèn)題，除了最后一個(gè)”。因此，“except for the last one”是對(duì)前一句的修正。Except：除了……外. In addition to 除了……(包括).
2.利用表示比較或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有: but, however, although, in contrast（比較而言，相比較之下，常用于兩件對(duì)立的事實(shí)，指出其間的差異處）, instead of.
例: I work hard like a dog, _____ I have little salary every month.
A. so B. but C. and D. furthermore
答案: B
解析: 本句意思是:我工作特別刻苦,但是我的薪水卻很少!應(yīng)該選擇but。其他的幾個(gè)詞是指遞進(jìn)或是并列的關(guān)系.
3.利用表示因果生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的詞為線索:
這些詞常見(jiàn)的有:because（因?yàn)椋? as（由于，因?yàn)椋? since（既然）, for（由于）, as a result（結(jié)果，因此）, thus（如此，這樣；因而，從而）, therefore（由此，因此）.
例: He is a very _____ person because he has done a lot of good things for the local people.
A. respectable. B. respectful. C. respective. D. respecting
答案: A
解析: 這句話的意思是:他是一個(gè)很受尊敬的人，因?yàn)樗麨楫?dāng)?shù)厝藗冏隽嗽S多好事。respectable可敬的，高尚的；respectful充滿(mǎn)敬意的，有禮貌的；respective 各自的，各個(gè)的；respecting是respect的分詞形式。
二、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)部分應(yīng)試技巧
1、注意在句子中尋找線索：
例1: When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she _____ two days before.
A. has left B. was leaving
C. would leave D. had left
答案： D
解析： 這句話的意思是: 我上一周去拜訪史密斯小姐的時(shí)候，被告訴她兩天前離開(kāi)了。注意前句中的時(shí)間線索，知道這個(gè)消息時(shí)是上一周，而史密斯小姐是在此之前離開(kāi)的，也就是“離開(kāi)”這動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
例2: Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the company ___.
A．has been accepted. B. have been accepted.
C．was accepted. D. were accepted.
答案： C
解析： 這句話的意思是: 在那家公司曾求職的兩個(gè)年輕人都沒(méi)有被錄用.
2. 如果題目是由兩句話組成，其中必有一句是為答題提供線索的:
例Don’t tell her the answer. Let her do the exercise _____ .
A. she B. her C. herself D. itself
答案： C
解析： 這句話的意思是: 不要告訴她答案,讓她自己做練習(xí).
3.注意及物和不及物的區(qū)別，注意主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
例: “The ceremony has already started.”“l(fā)ook! The flag is _____ now.”
A. being raised B. risen
C. being rose D. raising
答案： A
解析： 這句話的意思是: “儀式已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了.” “看, 現(xiàn)在旗正在升起.”
look,信號(hào)詞,進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).旗正在被升起來(lái),應(yīng)當(dāng)排除B,D. 注意rise和raise區(qū)別: 前者是不及物動(dòng)詞,不能用被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài).而后者是及物動(dòng)詞,可以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).故A正確.
4.注意區(qū)分一個(gè)句子中的主要?jiǎng)釉~與次要?jiǎng)釉~:
例1: Three people, _____ ,were injured in the accident.
A. including a child B. include a child
C. included a child D. includes a child
答案: A
解析:這句話的意思是: 三個(gè)人在那次事故中受傷了,其中包括一個(gè)孩子.注意:句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞性.這句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是injured, 這里include是一個(gè)分詞結(jié)構(gòu),表示一種從屬狀語(yǔ). Included,本句的主語(yǔ)是人,是一種主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以不能用過(guò)去分詞形式.
例2: _____ I saw was two men crossing the street.
A. What B. Whom
C. Who D. That
答案: A
解析: 這句話的意思是:我看到的是兩個(gè)男人穿過(guò)街道。這句話的主要?jiǎng)釉~是was，而不是saw那么我們選A，為什么不選擇B呢？如果選擇B，那么后面一定要說(shuō)清楚是張三還是李四。
5. 注意某些信號(hào)詞的辨認(rèn):
這些信號(hào)詞常見(jiàn)的有: for, otherwise, or.
例1: I believe he _____ an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time.
A. would have had B. could have had
C. should have had D. must have had
答案: D
解析: 我相信他一定是出了交通事故了，否則的話他該到了。Otherwise 信號(hào)詞。
例2: Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _____ by now.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. would have arrived D. would arrive
答案: C
解析: Or,信號(hào)詞。我相信他一定在路上出了什么事兒了，否則的話現(xiàn)在他該到了