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The Northern Lights
The Sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather．It is so hot and active that even the Sun’s gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check1! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour2．These particles are called plasma，and the stream of plasma3 coming from the Sun is called the solar wind．The more active the Sun，the stronger the solar wind．
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth，but don’t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet．The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles．The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth．When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth’s magnetic field，the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect．4
The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth’s atmosphere at the poles．As the electrons fall to the Earth，they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere，creating flashes of light in the sky．Each atmospheric gas glows a different color．Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple．As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky，they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights．
Watching auroras is fun and exciting，but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada．The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate，flicker，or even move like waves．During solar maximum，5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida，even Mexico! 6
Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground，but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground，a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly．A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long，a few hundred kilometers high，but only a few hundred meters thick．
We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime．We know you will never forget it!
詞匯：
electrify/I5lektrIfaI/v．使帶電 plasma/5plAzmE/n．等離子體
steer/stiE (r)/v．認(rèn)駕駛；導(dǎo)向，引向 electron/I5lektrRn/n．電子
collide/kE5laid/v．碰撞 molecule/5mClikju:l/n．分子
aurora/C:5rC:rE/n．極光 pulsate/pQl5seit/v．跳動(dòng)
flicker/5flikE (r)/v．閃爍 Arctic/5B:ktik/adj．北極的
注釋：
1． The sun cannot hold its atmosphere in check：太陽(yáng)無(wú)法控制它自己的大氣層。hold ．．．in check是“控制，支配”，例如：
He wants tO hold the company in chedk through the manager’s secretary．
他想通過(guò)經(jīng)理的秘書(shū)控制公司。
2． move at speeds around a million miles per hour：以約100萬(wàn)英里的時(shí)速運(yùn)動(dòng)。around＝about。
3． the stream of plasma：等離子流
4． the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect：首先，磁場(chǎng)受到擠壓，接著磁場(chǎng)磁力線斷開(kāi)又閉合。
5． During solar maximum：在太陽(yáng)風(fēng)暴達(dá)到峰的期間
6． auroras are seen as far south as Florida，even Mexico!：位于極南面的佛羅里達(dá)州，乃至于墨西哥都能看到極光。far south意為“極南面”。
The Northern Lights
The Sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather．It is so hot and active that even the Sun’s gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check1! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour2．These particles are called plasma，and the stream of plasma3 coming from the Sun is called the solar wind．The more active the Sun，the stronger the solar wind．
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth，but don’t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet．The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles．The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth．When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth’s magnetic field，the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect．4
The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth’s atmosphere at the poles．As the electrons fall to the Earth，they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere，creating flashes of light in the sky．Each atmospheric gas glows a different color．Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nitrogen glows violet-purple．As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky，they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights．
Watching auroras is fun and exciting，but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada．The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate，flicker，or even move like waves．During solar maximum，5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida，even Mexico! 6
Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground，but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground，a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly．A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long，a few hundred kilometers high，but only a few hundred meters thick．
We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime．We know you will never forget it!
詞匯：
electrify/I5lektrIfaI/v．使帶電 plasma/5plAzmE/n．等離子體
steer/stiE (r)/v．認(rèn)駕駛；導(dǎo)向，引向 electron/I5lektrRn/n．電子
collide/kE5laid/v．碰撞 molecule/5mClikju:l/n．分子
aurora/C:5rC:rE/n．極光 pulsate/pQl5seit/v．跳動(dòng)
flicker/5flikE (r)/v．閃爍 Arctic/5B:ktik/adj．北極的
注釋：
1． The sun cannot hold its atmosphere in check：太陽(yáng)無(wú)法控制它自己的大氣層。hold ．．．in check是“控制，支配”，例如：
He wants tO hold the company in chedk through the manager’s secretary．
他想通過(guò)經(jīng)理的秘書(shū)控制公司。
2． move at speeds around a million miles per hour：以約100萬(wàn)英里的時(shí)速運(yùn)動(dòng)。around＝about。
3． the stream of plasma：等離子流
4． the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect：首先，磁場(chǎng)受到擠壓，接著磁場(chǎng)磁力線斷開(kāi)又閉合。
5． During solar maximum：在太陽(yáng)風(fēng)暴達(dá)到峰的期間
6． auroras are seen as far south as Florida，even Mexico!：位于極南面的佛羅里達(dá)州，乃至于墨西哥都能看到極光。far south意為“極南面”。