雅思詞匯:日常禁忌用語一覽表

字號(hào):

廁所
    在美國(guó)一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女廁均可)或分別叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不過在飛機(jī)上,則叫 lavatory,在軍中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是過去英國(guó)人用的,在美國(guó),幾乎沒有人使用。
    解小便
    最普通的說法是 to urinate(名詞是 urination),如果去看病,護(hù)士為了化驗(yàn)小便,就會(huì)給你一個(gè)杯子說:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」醫(yī)生或許也會(huì)問:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困難嗎?)
    此外,還有其他的說法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
    I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
    How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便幾次?)
    此外,john(j 小寫時(shí),不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),這通常是指在戶外工作場(chǎng)地所使用的臨時(shí)或流動(dòng)性廁所(有時(shí)前面也加 portable 一字)。不過也有老外把家里的廁所叫做 john。 例如:
    There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑場(chǎng)地有幾個(gè)臨時(shí)廁所。)
    He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在幾分鐘前上了廁所。)
    The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(勞動(dòng)者在工作時(shí)間內(nèi)需要使用流動(dòng)性廁所。)
    不過,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
    The boy needs to pee.
    然而,「小便檢查」又叫做 urine test,因?yàn)檫@里的 urine 是化驗(yàn)的樣品(specimen)。 例如:
    Do I need a urine test?
    注意:to piss off 是片語,又是指對(duì)人生氣或?qū)κ挛锏牟粷M。不過這是不禮貌的片語,少用為妙。 例如:
    He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
    He always pisses off (at) the society.(對(duì)社會(huì)不滿)
    如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告訴醫(yī)生說:
    My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有濁尿,味道很重)
    I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
    I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后還會(huì)滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛?。?BR>    I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平時(shí)少)
    解大便  一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,醫(yī)生常問:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常嗎?)(說得斯文些,就是「大腸在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)」)
    此外,還有其他的說法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
    The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement)
    不過,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
    The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
    但是「大便檢查」倒叫做 stool exam,因?yàn)?stool 也是一種化驗(yàn)的樣品。 例如:
    The doctor has to exam his stool.(醫(yī)生要檢查他的大便。)
    放*
    在美語里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如:
    醫(yī)生有時(shí)問:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放*的次數(shù)很多嗎?)
    Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就會(huì)放*呢?)(動(dòng)詞是 belch)
    He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放*也愈多。)
    He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(過去兩天中,他放*比平常多。)
    Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共場(chǎng)所不可放*。)
    至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的說法。 例如:
    I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
    注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
    Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有兩星期了。)
    He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他經(jīng)常便秘。) 或
    He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
    He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
    He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一陣肚子。)
    He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便時(shí)可看到血絲和粘膜。)