U．S．companies continued to hire in June，but at a slower pace than in the first few months of the year，while wage growth was the fastest in five years，the Labor Department said Friday．Nonfam payrolls grew l21。000 last month after climbin9 92，000 in May and ll2，000 in April，the Labor Department said Friday．Previous estimates showed a 75，000-job increase in May and a l26，000 9ain in April．The unemployment rate was unchanged last month at 4．6％，which is the lowest level since mid 2001．
Despite the moderation in job growth，there were some signs of inflationary pressure．Average hourly earnings rose$0．08，or 0．5％，to$1 6．70．Compared with a year earlier，June hourly earnings were up 3．9％，the fastest annual growth pace since June 2001．Average weekly earnings increased tc$566．13．
The payrolls data were below Wall Street expectations．The median estimate of 2 3 economists polled by Dow Jones Newswires and CNBC had projected a 200，000 payroll jobs increase and a 4．6％ unemployment rate．⑦However，wage growth topped expectations，as economists had expected j ust a 0．3％monthly gain in average hourly earnings．The average workweek increased by six minutes t0 33．9 hours in June．③
Economists had ratcheted up payroll growth forecasts earlier in the week after a private-sector report from ADP Employer Services and Macroeconomic Advisers pointed to a 368，000 increase of private—sector jobs in June．
The Labor Department report provides further evidence that the U．S．economy slowed markedly from the first quarter’s pace．And it could ease pressure on official interest rates，especially if the recent spate of high core inflation numbers begin to subside．
The Fed has raised rates l7 straight times since 2004，pushing the Fed funds rate t0 5．25％．But in a statement accompanying its latest decision last week，officials softened their stance somewhat on future policy，sayin9“the extent and timing of any additional firming that may be needed will depend on the evolution of the outlook for both inflation and economic growth。as implied by incoming information．”
In June，weakness in construction and retailing--two sectors that shed jobs--tempered overall employment gains．⑤Financial companies，education and health services，government and even manufacturers were among those boosting jobs．The Labor Department said hiring in goods-producing industries rose by l5，000．Within this category，manufacturing firms added l5，000 jobs．Construction
shed 4，000 jobs．Service-sector employment grew by l06，000．Retail payrolls fell by 6，600，while business and professional services companies’payrolls increased by 25，000． Education and health services added 26，000 jobs． [417 words]
1．According to the Labor Department，in June U．S．companies______．
A．offered more jobs for the unemployed
B．hired less workers than previous months
C．used to increase wage of their employees
D．hired at obviously slower pace than ever before
2．According to the text，in June______
A．the number of employed was more than estimated
B．nonfarm companies grew much faster than in May
C．the unemployment rate was lower than that in May
D．there appeared the largest job increase beyond expectation
3．The Labor Department asserts that the U．S．economy in June______
A．was markedly on the rise
B．developed at a slower pace
C．declined faster than previous months
D．was more prosperous than ever before
4．It is implied in the text that in June______
A．there was still inflation pressure
B．inflation pressure was to subside
C．the Fed succeeded in easing the inflation pressure
D．more effective measures were needed to reduce inflation
5．Which of the following reduced rather than increased overall employment gains?
A．Business and professional services．
B．Education and health services．
C．Goods—producing industries．
D．Construction and retailin9．難句透析
①U．S．companies continued tO hire in June，but at a slower pace than in the first few months of the year,while ”wage growth was the fastest in five years．the Labor Department said Friday．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】本句是由逗號和“while”連接的兩個分句組成的并列句。第一個分句逗號后面相當于“but tO hire at a slower pace…”，省略了“to hire”。
【釋義】美國勞工部星期五說，美國公司6月份繼續(xù)提供工作崗位，不過速度比今年前5個月有所減緩，而工資增長是5年來最快的。
②The median estimate of 23 economists[polled by Dow Jones Newswires and CNBC3 had projected fl 200，000 payroll jobs increase and a 4．6％unemployment rate．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的過去分詞短語“polled…CNBC”是“The median estimate of 23 economists”的后置定語。
【釋義】據(jù)道瓊斯通訊社及美國全國廣播公司的有線財經(jīng)頻道曾采訪的23位經(jīng)濟學家的保守估計，將新增20萬個工作崗位，失業(yè)率為4．6％。
③Economists had ratcheted up payroll growth forecasts earlier in the week[after a private-sector report(from ADP Employer Services and Macroeconomic Advisers)pointed to a 368000 increase of private-sector jobs in June’]．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的“after a private-sector report…in June”是狀語從句。圓括號所標示的介詞短語“from ADP…Advisers”是“report”的后置定語。
【釋義】 自動數(shù)據(jù)處理雇主服務處和宏觀經(jīng)濟顧問處的一份關于私營部門的報告公布，6月份，私營部門新增了368000個工作崗位。此后，于本周初，經(jīng)濟學家略微調(diào)高了他們對于新增工作機會的預期，考試大。
④But in a statement[accompanying its latest decision last week]，officials softened their stance somewhat on fu— ture policy，sayin9“the extent and timing of any additional firming[that may be needed]…will depend on the e— volution of the outlook for both inflation and economic growth，as implied by incoming information．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的現(xiàn)在分詞短語“accompanyin9…last week”是“statement”的后置定語。方括號所標示的“that may be needed”是“the extent and timin9”的后置定語從句。
【釋義】但是，上周美聯(lián)儲在公布最新決定的同時發(fā)表了一份聲明。官員們對未來決策的姿態(tài)略微有所軟化。他們說，“可能還需要采取進一步的穩(wěn)定措施，其程度和時機取決于通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟增長前景的演變，而這要依今后所獲得的信息來判斷?！?BR> ⑤In June，weakness in construction and retailing--two sectors[that shed jobs]--tempered overall employment gains．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】破折號之間的部分是對“construction and retailin9”的補充說明。方括號所標示的“that shed jobs”是“two sectors”的后置定語從句。
【釋義】6月份，由于建筑業(yè)和零售業(yè)的低述，工作崗位不斷削減，總體就業(yè)數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少。
全文翻譯
美國勞工部星期五說，美國公司6月份繼續(xù)提供工作崗位，不過速度比今年前5個月有所減緩，而工資增長是5年來最快的。繼5月份和4月份分別增長了92000及112000個工作崗位之后，上個月菲農(nóng)業(yè)工作崗位增長了121000。先前估計顯示，5月份將增加75000個工作崗位，4月份增加l26000個。上個月的失業(yè)率為4．6％，保持不變，是自2001年中以來最低水平。
盡管工作崗位增加速度不快，但還是出現(xiàn)了一些通貨膨脹壓力的跡象。平均時薪上漲了0．08美元或者是0．5％，達到l6．7美元。跟l年前相比，6月的時薪上漲了3．9％，是自2001年6月以來最快的年增長率。平均周薪增加到了566．13美元。
工作崗位的增加要低于華爾街的預期。據(jù)道瓊斯通訊社及美國全國廣播公司的有線財經(jīng)頻道曾采訪的23位經(jīng)濟學家的保守估計，將新增20萬個工作崗位，失業(yè)率為4．6％。⑦然而，工資的上漲接近預期，因為經(jīng)濟學家預計時薪上漲率僅會達到平均每月0．3％。平均每周工作時間增加6分鐘，6月份增加到33．9小時。
自動數(shù)據(jù)處理雇主服務處和宏觀經(jīng)濟顧問處的一份關于私營部門的報告公布，6月份，私營部門新增了368000個工作崗位。此后，于本周初，經(jīng)濟學家略微調(diào)高了他們對于新增工作機會的預期。
勞工部的報告進一步顯示，美國的經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)從第一季度的速度上大幅下降。報告的出臺可以減輕政府來自利潤率的壓力，尤其是在最近高居不下的主要膨脹率開始下降的時候。
自2004年以來，美聯(lián)儲已經(jīng)17次提高利率，將聯(lián)邦儲備資金利率提高到5．25％。但是，上周美聯(lián)儲在公布最新決定的同時發(fā)表了一份聲明。官員們對未來決策的姿態(tài)略微有所軟化。他們說，“可能還需要采取進一步的穩(wěn)定措施，其程度和時機取決于通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟增長前景的演變，而這要依今后所獲得的信息來判斷?！?BR> 6月份，由于建筑業(yè)和零售業(yè)的低速，工作崗位不斷削減，總體就業(yè)數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少。而金融企業(yè)，教育行業(yè)以及醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務，政府部門甚至制造業(yè)都在不斷創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會。勞工部表示，貨物生產(chǎn)商提供的就業(yè)崗位增加了15000個。在這個范疇內(nèi)，制造業(yè)增加了15000個工作崗位。而建筑業(yè)減少的崗位為4000個。服務業(yè)就業(yè)崗位增加了l06000個。零售業(yè)減少了6600個，而商業(yè)及專業(yè)性勞務公司新提供了25000個就業(yè)崗位。教育及醫(yī)療服務增加了26000個崗位。
超綱詞匯
Spate n.同時涌來的)大批，大量
Shed vt．擺脫
tempe vt．／vi．沖淡，緩和，調(diào)劑
poll vt．／vi．對…進行民意測驗，(民意測驗中的)調(diào)查
Macroeconomic n．宏觀經(jīng)濟
moderation n．緩和，減輕
firming n．堅硬化，堅固化
ratchet up略微調(diào)高
subside v．平息，減退，衰減
payroll n．職工工資冊(名單)
category n．種類，別．[邏]范疇
stance n．姿態(tài)
參考答案：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D
Despite the moderation in job growth，there were some signs of inflationary pressure．Average hourly earnings rose$0．08，or 0．5％，to$1 6．70．Compared with a year earlier，June hourly earnings were up 3．9％，the fastest annual growth pace since June 2001．Average weekly earnings increased tc$566．13．
The payrolls data were below Wall Street expectations．The median estimate of 2 3 economists polled by Dow Jones Newswires and CNBC had projected a 200，000 payroll jobs increase and a 4．6％ unemployment rate．⑦However，wage growth topped expectations，as economists had expected j ust a 0．3％monthly gain in average hourly earnings．The average workweek increased by six minutes t0 33．9 hours in June．③
Economists had ratcheted up payroll growth forecasts earlier in the week after a private-sector report from ADP Employer Services and Macroeconomic Advisers pointed to a 368，000 increase of private—sector jobs in June．
The Labor Department report provides further evidence that the U．S．economy slowed markedly from the first quarter’s pace．And it could ease pressure on official interest rates，especially if the recent spate of high core inflation numbers begin to subside．
The Fed has raised rates l7 straight times since 2004，pushing the Fed funds rate t0 5．25％．But in a statement accompanying its latest decision last week，officials softened their stance somewhat on future policy，sayin9“the extent and timing of any additional firming that may be needed will depend on the evolution of the outlook for both inflation and economic growth。as implied by incoming information．”
In June，weakness in construction and retailing--two sectors that shed jobs--tempered overall employment gains．⑤Financial companies，education and health services，government and even manufacturers were among those boosting jobs．The Labor Department said hiring in goods-producing industries rose by l5，000．Within this category，manufacturing firms added l5，000 jobs．Construction
shed 4，000 jobs．Service-sector employment grew by l06，000．Retail payrolls fell by 6，600，while business and professional services companies’payrolls increased by 25，000． Education and health services added 26，000 jobs． [417 words]
1．According to the Labor Department，in June U．S．companies______．
A．offered more jobs for the unemployed
B．hired less workers than previous months
C．used to increase wage of their employees
D．hired at obviously slower pace than ever before
2．According to the text，in June______
A．the number of employed was more than estimated
B．nonfarm companies grew much faster than in May
C．the unemployment rate was lower than that in May
D．there appeared the largest job increase beyond expectation
3．The Labor Department asserts that the U．S．economy in June______
A．was markedly on the rise
B．developed at a slower pace
C．declined faster than previous months
D．was more prosperous than ever before
4．It is implied in the text that in June______
A．there was still inflation pressure
B．inflation pressure was to subside
C．the Fed succeeded in easing the inflation pressure
D．more effective measures were needed to reduce inflation
5．Which of the following reduced rather than increased overall employment gains?
A．Business and professional services．
B．Education and health services．
C．Goods—producing industries．
D．Construction and retailin9．難句透析
①U．S．companies continued tO hire in June，but at a slower pace than in the first few months of the year,while ”wage growth was the fastest in five years．the Labor Department said Friday．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】本句是由逗號和“while”連接的兩個分句組成的并列句。第一個分句逗號后面相當于“but tO hire at a slower pace…”，省略了“to hire”。
【釋義】美國勞工部星期五說，美國公司6月份繼續(xù)提供工作崗位，不過速度比今年前5個月有所減緩，而工資增長是5年來最快的。
②The median estimate of 23 economists[polled by Dow Jones Newswires and CNBC3 had projected fl 200，000 payroll jobs increase and a 4．6％unemployment rate．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的過去分詞短語“polled…CNBC”是“The median estimate of 23 economists”的后置定語。
【釋義】據(jù)道瓊斯通訊社及美國全國廣播公司的有線財經(jīng)頻道曾采訪的23位經(jīng)濟學家的保守估計，將新增20萬個工作崗位，失業(yè)率為4．6％。
③Economists had ratcheted up payroll growth forecasts earlier in the week[after a private-sector report(from ADP Employer Services and Macroeconomic Advisers)pointed to a 368000 increase of private-sector jobs in June’]．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的“after a private-sector report…in June”是狀語從句。圓括號所標示的介詞短語“from ADP…Advisers”是“report”的后置定語。
【釋義】 自動數(shù)據(jù)處理雇主服務處和宏觀經(jīng)濟顧問處的一份關于私營部門的報告公布，6月份，私營部門新增了368000個工作崗位。此后，于本周初，經(jīng)濟學家略微調(diào)高了他們對于新增工作機會的預期，考試大。
④But in a statement[accompanying its latest decision last week]，officials softened their stance somewhat on fu— ture policy，sayin9“the extent and timing of any additional firming[that may be needed]…will depend on the e— volution of the outlook for both inflation and economic growth，as implied by incoming information．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】方括號所標示的現(xiàn)在分詞短語“accompanyin9…last week”是“statement”的后置定語。方括號所標示的“that may be needed”是“the extent and timin9”的后置定語從句。
【釋義】但是，上周美聯(lián)儲在公布最新決定的同時發(fā)表了一份聲明。官員們對未來決策的姿態(tài)略微有所軟化。他們說，“可能還需要采取進一步的穩(wěn)定措施，其程度和時機取決于通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟增長前景的演變，而這要依今后所獲得的信息來判斷?！?BR> ⑤In June，weakness in construction and retailing--two sectors[that shed jobs]--tempered overall employment gains．
【結(jié)構(gòu)】破折號之間的部分是對“construction and retailin9”的補充說明。方括號所標示的“that shed jobs”是“two sectors”的后置定語從句。
【釋義】6月份，由于建筑業(yè)和零售業(yè)的低述，工作崗位不斷削減，總體就業(yè)數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少。
全文翻譯
美國勞工部星期五說，美國公司6月份繼續(xù)提供工作崗位，不過速度比今年前5個月有所減緩，而工資增長是5年來最快的。繼5月份和4月份分別增長了92000及112000個工作崗位之后，上個月菲農(nóng)業(yè)工作崗位增長了121000。先前估計顯示，5月份將增加75000個工作崗位，4月份增加l26000個。上個月的失業(yè)率為4．6％，保持不變，是自2001年中以來最低水平。
盡管工作崗位增加速度不快，但還是出現(xiàn)了一些通貨膨脹壓力的跡象。平均時薪上漲了0．08美元或者是0．5％，達到l6．7美元。跟l年前相比，6月的時薪上漲了3．9％，是自2001年6月以來最快的年增長率。平均周薪增加到了566．13美元。
工作崗位的增加要低于華爾街的預期。據(jù)道瓊斯通訊社及美國全國廣播公司的有線財經(jīng)頻道曾采訪的23位經(jīng)濟學家的保守估計，將新增20萬個工作崗位，失業(yè)率為4．6％。⑦然而，工資的上漲接近預期，因為經(jīng)濟學家預計時薪上漲率僅會達到平均每月0．3％。平均每周工作時間增加6分鐘，6月份增加到33．9小時。
自動數(shù)據(jù)處理雇主服務處和宏觀經(jīng)濟顧問處的一份關于私營部門的報告公布，6月份，私營部門新增了368000個工作崗位。此后，于本周初，經(jīng)濟學家略微調(diào)高了他們對于新增工作機會的預期。
勞工部的報告進一步顯示，美國的經(jīng)濟已經(jīng)從第一季度的速度上大幅下降。報告的出臺可以減輕政府來自利潤率的壓力，尤其是在最近高居不下的主要膨脹率開始下降的時候。
自2004年以來，美聯(lián)儲已經(jīng)17次提高利率，將聯(lián)邦儲備資金利率提高到5．25％。但是，上周美聯(lián)儲在公布最新決定的同時發(fā)表了一份聲明。官員們對未來決策的姿態(tài)略微有所軟化。他們說，“可能還需要采取進一步的穩(wěn)定措施，其程度和時機取決于通貨膨脹和經(jīng)濟增長前景的演變，而這要依今后所獲得的信息來判斷?！?BR> 6月份，由于建筑業(yè)和零售業(yè)的低速，工作崗位不斷削減，總體就業(yè)數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少。而金融企業(yè)，教育行業(yè)以及醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務，政府部門甚至制造業(yè)都在不斷創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會。勞工部表示，貨物生產(chǎn)商提供的就業(yè)崗位增加了15000個。在這個范疇內(nèi)，制造業(yè)增加了15000個工作崗位。而建筑業(yè)減少的崗位為4000個。服務業(yè)就業(yè)崗位增加了l06000個。零售業(yè)減少了6600個，而商業(yè)及專業(yè)性勞務公司新提供了25000個就業(yè)崗位。教育及醫(yī)療服務增加了26000個崗位。
超綱詞匯
Spate n.同時涌來的)大批，大量
Shed vt．擺脫
tempe vt．／vi．沖淡，緩和，調(diào)劑
poll vt．／vi．對…進行民意測驗，(民意測驗中的)調(diào)查
Macroeconomic n．宏觀經(jīng)濟
moderation n．緩和，減輕
firming n．堅硬化，堅固化
ratchet up略微調(diào)高
subside v．平息，減退，衰減
payroll n．職工工資冊(名單)
category n．種類，別．[邏]范疇
stance n．姿態(tài)
參考答案：1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D