ability n. ①能力 ②才能（常用復(fù)數(shù)）
[特征]
ability是able的名詞形式，可以和able一起記憶。
- He is a man of ability. 他是個能干的人。
- He has the ability to read. 他有閱讀的能力。
- He has great abilities as a writer. 他是個有本領(lǐng)的作家。
[考點]
ability后面可以接動詞不定式、介詞in或for，但不能接of doing形式。
-（×）You should improve the ability of drawing.
-（√）You should improve the ability to draw.
-（√）You should improve the ability in/for drawing.你應(yīng)該提高你的繪畫能力。
[備考必備] 重要詞組
have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 to the best of one's ability 盡力
- I will help you to the best of my ability. 我會盡我所能幫助你的。
[貼心叮嚀]
上面[特征]中三個句子是最基礎(chǔ)的，ability的基本用法都在這三個句子中。
abroad n. ①在國外，到國外 ②到處
[特征]
- One of my brothers lived abroad. 我有個哥哥住在國外。
- The manager went abroad for business. 經(jīng)理出差去國外了。
- The poor granny has never been abroad. 這個貧窮的老奶奶從未出過國。
- The news spread abroad. 消息傳得很廣。
[貼心叮嚀]
這個單詞很簡單，雖然歷屆高考也經(jīng)?？嫉剑键c不是很多，只要記住上面幾個基本用法即可。
absence n. ①不在，缺席 ②缺乏
[特征]
- Nobody noticed his absence from school. 沒人注意到他沒來上學(xué)。
[備考必備] 重要詞組
in/during one's absence 在某人不在時
- Please take care of my house during my absence. 我不在時，請照看我的房子。
absence of mind 心不在焉
- His absence of mind led to a lot of mistakes. 他由于心不在焉造成了很多錯誤。
[練習(xí)與解答]
- The evvironmentalists and wild goats' on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment. [2004 上海]
A. escape B. absence C. attendance D. appearance
答案：D （環(huán)境保護者和野山羊在大草原上的出現(xiàn)時環(huán)境改善的一個很好的跡象。escape是“逃跑”；absence是“缺席”；attendance是“參加”；appearance是“出現(xiàn)”。）
absent adj. ①缺席的，不在場的 ②缺乏的
[備考必備] 重要詞組
be absent from 缺席
- The manager was absent from the meeting. 經(jīng)理缺席會議。
[貼心叮嚀]
absent考的頻率很高，對這個詞的考查基本都集中在詞組be absent from上。