[考點(diǎn)概述] 數(shù)詞的考查側(cè)重在基數(shù)詞的寫(xiě)法、讀法,序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成,分?jǐn)?shù)詞的構(gòu)成。
[考點(diǎn)透視]
一、基數(shù)詞寫(xiě)法、讀法的考查
1.There are _______ days in a week.
A. the seven
B. seventh
C. the seventh
D. seven (2002北京海淀區(qū))
2.—Can you write the number eighty-five thousand,six hundred and twenty-six?
—Yes,it is. ________.
A. 85662
B. 85626
C. 58662
D. 58626 (2001江西)
[析]基數(shù)詞的寫(xiě)法須熟記:1至12逐個(gè)記憶,13至19均以-teen結(jié)尾;20至90十位數(shù)整數(shù)皆以后綴-ty結(jié)尾;21至99(整十除外),在十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間加連字符號(hào);101至999,在百位與十位之間加 and;一千以上的基數(shù)詞,從后面向前數(shù),阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字每三位為一段,用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),所用的數(shù)字名稱依次為thousand,million,billion,需要注意的是,在這里它們的后面不能加-s。
二、序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成、用法的考查
3. I think ______ lesson is the most difficult in this book.
A. five
B. fifth
C. the fifth
D. fifteen (2002大連)
4. December is the ______ month in a year.
A. twenty
B. twelve
C. twentieth
D. twelfth (2002吉林)
[析]序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成一般是在基數(shù)詞后加-th,但也有幾個(gè)例外。請(qǐng)記住這個(gè)順口溜:“一、二、三特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d。八減t,九去e,f替ve。逢上y字換ie。詞尾普加th?!绷硗?,序數(shù)詞前一般要用定冠詞the。
三、分?jǐn)?shù)詞構(gòu)成、用法的考查
5. About ______ of the workers in the clothes factory are women.
A. third fifths
B. third fifth
C. three fifths
D. three fifth (2002甘肅)
[析]分?jǐn)?shù)詞的寫(xiě)法一般是:分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示:分子為“1”,分母用序數(shù)詞的單數(shù)形式;分子大于“1”,分母用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外,分?jǐn)?shù)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)取決于of后面的名詞的數(shù)。
四、數(shù)詞與名詞表編號(hào)的考查
6. The new student is in _______.
A. Class 2
B. Class Second
C. 2 Class (2002武漢)
[析]在通常情況下,表示年級(jí)、班、行、課等的編號(hào)時(shí)用基數(shù)詞。其習(xí)慣表達(dá)為年級(jí)、班、行、課等的詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后,且詞首的字母要大寫(xiě)。即“名詞+基數(shù)詞”也可用“the+序數(shù)詞+名詞”表示。
五、hundred,thousand,million等詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的考查
7. ______ travelers come to visit our city every year.
A. Hundred of
B. Hundreds of
C. Five hundreds
D. Hundred (2002哈爾濱)
[析]一般地,基數(shù)詞 hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具體數(shù)字時(shí),它們后面不能加-s,也不帶of。它們的復(fù)數(shù)形式后面常需跟of...短語(yǔ),表示約數(shù)。如:hundreds of數(shù)百,thousands of成千上萬(wàn),millions of數(shù)百萬(wàn)。
六、時(shí)刻表示法的考查
8. Our first class begins at a quarter to eight.
A. 8:15
B. 7:15
C. 8:45
D. 7:45 (2002廈門(mén))
[析]鐘點(diǎn)的表達(dá)形式一般有兩種:即順讀法:先說(shuō)“點(diǎn)鐘”,再說(shuō)“分鐘”;逆讀法:30分鐘以內(nèi)用“分鐘數(shù)+past+鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)”,注意:半小時(shí)要用half,15分鐘用a quarter。30分鐘以外要用“分鐘數(shù)+to+下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)”。
Keys: 1—5 DBCDC 6—8 ABD
[考點(diǎn)透視]
一、基數(shù)詞寫(xiě)法、讀法的考查
1.There are _______ days in a week.
A. the seven
B. seventh
C. the seventh
D. seven (2002北京海淀區(qū))
2.—Can you write the number eighty-five thousand,six hundred and twenty-six?
—Yes,it is. ________.
A. 85662
B. 85626
C. 58662
D. 58626 (2001江西)
[析]基數(shù)詞的寫(xiě)法須熟記:1至12逐個(gè)記憶,13至19均以-teen結(jié)尾;20至90十位數(shù)整數(shù)皆以后綴-ty結(jié)尾;21至99(整十除外),在十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間加連字符號(hào);101至999,在百位與十位之間加 and;一千以上的基數(shù)詞,從后面向前數(shù),阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字每三位為一段,用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),所用的數(shù)字名稱依次為thousand,million,billion,需要注意的是,在這里它們的后面不能加-s。
二、序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成、用法的考查
3. I think ______ lesson is the most difficult in this book.
A. five
B. fifth
C. the fifth
D. fifteen (2002大連)
4. December is the ______ month in a year.
A. twenty
B. twelve
C. twentieth
D. twelfth (2002吉林)
[析]序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成一般是在基數(shù)詞后加-th,但也有幾個(gè)例外。請(qǐng)記住這個(gè)順口溜:“一、二、三特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d。八減t,九去e,f替ve。逢上y字換ie。詞尾普加th?!绷硗?,序數(shù)詞前一般要用定冠詞the。
三、分?jǐn)?shù)詞構(gòu)成、用法的考查
5. About ______ of the workers in the clothes factory are women.
A. third fifths
B. third fifth
C. three fifths
D. three fifth (2002甘肅)
[析]分?jǐn)?shù)詞的寫(xiě)法一般是:分子用基數(shù)詞表示,分母用序數(shù)詞表示:分子為“1”,分母用序數(shù)詞的單數(shù)形式;分子大于“1”,分母用序數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外,分?jǐn)?shù)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)取決于of后面的名詞的數(shù)。
四、數(shù)詞與名詞表編號(hào)的考查
6. The new student is in _______.
A. Class 2
B. Class Second
C. 2 Class (2002武漢)
[析]在通常情況下,表示年級(jí)、班、行、課等的編號(hào)時(shí)用基數(shù)詞。其習(xí)慣表達(dá)為年級(jí)、班、行、課等的詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后,且詞首的字母要大寫(xiě)。即“名詞+基數(shù)詞”也可用“the+序數(shù)詞+名詞”表示。
五、hundred,thousand,million等詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的考查
7. ______ travelers come to visit our city every year.
A. Hundred of
B. Hundreds of
C. Five hundreds
D. Hundred (2002哈爾濱)
[析]一般地,基數(shù)詞 hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具體數(shù)字時(shí),它們后面不能加-s,也不帶of。它們的復(fù)數(shù)形式后面常需跟of...短語(yǔ),表示約數(shù)。如:hundreds of數(shù)百,thousands of成千上萬(wàn),millions of數(shù)百萬(wàn)。
六、時(shí)刻表示法的考查
8. Our first class begins at a quarter to eight.
A. 8:15
B. 7:15
C. 8:45
D. 7:45 (2002廈門(mén))
[析]鐘點(diǎn)的表達(dá)形式一般有兩種:即順讀法:先說(shuō)“點(diǎn)鐘”,再說(shuō)“分鐘”;逆讀法:30分鐘以內(nèi)用“分鐘數(shù)+past+鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)”,注意:半小時(shí)要用half,15分鐘用a quarter。30分鐘以外要用“分鐘數(shù)+to+下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)”。
Keys: 1—5 DBCDC 6—8 ABD