在GRE閱讀中，考生往往會因為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的不清晰導(dǎo)致無法理順整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)與來龍去脈，因此掌握倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)對于我們正確理解句子原意有著非常大的幫助。所謂到裝也就是為了實現(xiàn)強調(diào)句子的某個成分對原有句子結(jié)構(gòu)進行的語言順序上的某些調(diào)整和變化。某些情況往往說話人也會為了某種修辭目的采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，修辭目的的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)以文學(xué)作品居多。通常在考試的情況下，試題命題人往往會處出某種迷惑考生的目的，有意將句子結(jié)構(gòu)進行改寫，在GRE閱讀的很多文章中我們都可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這種情況。下面我們就結(jié)合幾個典型的實例來對倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析
常見倒裝搭配的幾種情況：
（1）及物動詞加介詞：固定詞組的固定搭配中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)倒裝情況，如：bring A to B，寫作：Bring to B A
例：Yet Walter’s argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
翻譯：然而，沃爾澤的論點，無論它不充分到何種地步，確實揭示了資本主義體制中最為嚴重的一個弱點，即它將某一類人置于社會中的顯赫位置，這類人無論以怎樣合法的手段獲得了其物質(zhì)報酬，卻常常缺乏其它那些能喚起他人愛戴和欽佩的品質(zhì)。
如果從bring A to B的角度去分析這個句子，則這個句子應(yīng)該將people who．．．．or admiration寫到it brings 后面，之所以原句子不這樣做，則遵循了英語的句尾信息焦點原則，從而尾部信息成為一種受到強調(diào)的部位．根據(jù)這條原則，說話人要強調(diào)什么意思，便可以讓他出現(xiàn)在句子的句尾，而傳遞的信息便主次分明了．句尾信息焦點和“尾重”原則就是采用這一原理．對比下面這兩句話：
The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.
The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.
這兩個句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顧，很快開始康復(fù)．但第一句的意義重心是immediately, 強調(diào)了康復(fù)的速度，而第二句的意義重心則在于＂康復(fù)＂而不強調(diào)＂馬上＂
另外上面的第一個例句中的倒裝部分還考慮了一個因素，那就是使之讀起來不至于讓人產(chǎn)生頭重腳輕的感覺，而“people who....or admiration”帶有一個較長的定語從句，所以就放在了末尾，另外作者在本句中所強調(diào)的部分顯然是＂often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration，卻常常缺乏其它那些能喚起他人愛戴和欽佩的品質(zhì)＂另外＂no matter how......material rewards"為本句當(dāng)中的一個插入語成分．
類似的情況：throw over , insert into , import into , infer from, establish for , advocate as 等
（2）that might never be的到裝
A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.
本句中第一個desire后的兩個修飾成分中都出現(xiàn)了到裝結(jié)構(gòu)：1）to throw over reality a light，正常語序為To throw a light over reality 和that never was might give way 正常語序為that might never be given away, 倒裝后面的系動詞was被提前，given因為在情態(tài)動詞might之后所以變成了原型give。
本句的基本意思為：老的沖動是一種簡單的，說明顯示的欲望，新沖動是一種即是小說家又像科學(xué)家的仔細研究一個東西的特點那樣的欲望（新沖動），前一種欲望是永遠也不能取代后者的。
（3）Make +Possible 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
例句：MIT researchers have created an inexpensive method to screen for millions of different bimolecular (DNA, proteins, etc.) in a single sample—a technology that could make possible the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics
本句中破折號后所引帶的內(nèi)容中出現(xiàn)倒裝現(xiàn)象：“that could make possible the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics”正常語序應(yīng)該是, “that could make the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics.實際上make與possible 放在一起為一固定搭配，只是為了避免頭重腳輕固而作者將possible提前。
常見倒裝搭配的幾種情況：
（1）及物動詞加介詞：固定詞組的固定搭配中，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)倒裝情況，如：bring A to B，寫作：Bring to B A
例：Yet Walter’s argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
翻譯：然而，沃爾澤的論點，無論它不充分到何種地步，確實揭示了資本主義體制中最為嚴重的一個弱點，即它將某一類人置于社會中的顯赫位置，這類人無論以怎樣合法的手段獲得了其物質(zhì)報酬，卻常常缺乏其它那些能喚起他人愛戴和欽佩的品質(zhì)。
如果從bring A to B的角度去分析這個句子，則這個句子應(yīng)該將people who．．．．or admiration寫到it brings 后面，之所以原句子不這樣做，則遵循了英語的句尾信息焦點原則，從而尾部信息成為一種受到強調(diào)的部位．根據(jù)這條原則，說話人要強調(diào)什么意思，便可以讓他出現(xiàn)在句子的句尾，而傳遞的信息便主次分明了．句尾信息焦點和“尾重”原則就是采用這一原理．對比下面這兩句話：
The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.
The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.
這兩個句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顧，很快開始康復(fù)．但第一句的意義重心是immediately, 強調(diào)了康復(fù)的速度，而第二句的意義重心則在于＂康復(fù)＂而不強調(diào)＂馬上＂
另外上面的第一個例句中的倒裝部分還考慮了一個因素，那就是使之讀起來不至于讓人產(chǎn)生頭重腳輕的感覺，而“people who....or admiration”帶有一個較長的定語從句，所以就放在了末尾，另外作者在本句中所強調(diào)的部分顯然是＂often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration，卻常常缺乏其它那些能喚起他人愛戴和欽佩的品質(zhì)＂另外＂no matter how......material rewards"為本句當(dāng)中的一個插入語成分．
類似的情況：throw over , insert into , import into , infer from, establish for , advocate as 等
（2）that might never be的到裝
A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.
本句中第一個desire后的兩個修飾成分中都出現(xiàn)了到裝結(jié)構(gòu)：1）to throw over reality a light，正常語序為To throw a light over reality 和that never was might give way 正常語序為that might never be given away, 倒裝后面的系動詞was被提前，given因為在情態(tài)動詞might之后所以變成了原型give。
本句的基本意思為：老的沖動是一種簡單的，說明顯示的欲望，新沖動是一種即是小說家又像科學(xué)家的仔細研究一個東西的特點那樣的欲望（新沖動），前一種欲望是永遠也不能取代后者的。
（3）Make +Possible 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
例句：MIT researchers have created an inexpensive method to screen for millions of different bimolecular (DNA, proteins, etc.) in a single sample—a technology that could make possible the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics
本句中破折號后所引帶的內(nèi)容中出現(xiàn)倒裝現(xiàn)象：“that could make possible the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics”正常語序應(yīng)該是, “that could make the development of low-cost clinical bedside diagnostics.實際上make與possible 放在一起為一固定搭配，只是為了避免頭重腳輕固而作者將possible提前。