Text A American men don't cry
本課主要語言點
1.Weakness n. 軟弱,薄弱;缺點,弱點;嗜好。
Weakness 是形容詞weak的名詞形式。-ness這個名詞后綴常用在形容詞后面,構成名詞。如:happiness,carelessness,sadness,uselessness等等。
1)He was too weak to walk any further.(他沒有力氣再往前走了。)
2)She was born with weak eyesight.(她天生視力差。)
3)He is weak in maths.(他不擅常數(shù)學。)
4)Weak leaders won't be able to cope with this situation.(軟弱無力的領導人無法應付這一局面。)
5)She recovered from her weakness after two week's rest.(經(jīng)過兩周的休息,她虛弱的身體得到了恢復。)
6)His recovered from pressure would give his opponent some chance.(他在壓力之下的軟弱會給他的對手帶來機會。)
7)They saw a weakness in Robert's method.(他們在羅伯特的方法中看到了弱點。)
8)He has a weakness for money.(他愛錢如命。)
2.Childishness n. 幼稚
同上一個單詞一樣,-ness這個名詞后綴用在愛形容詞后面,構成名詞。
I was annoyed at the childishness of her remark.(她孩子氣的話語令我惱火。)
請注意 childish 和childlike的異同之處:
“childish” is used to describe a person who behaves in an immature way, or to describe
something that is typical of a child. (childish用來形容某個行為不成熟的人或用來形容某件事似孩子般的。)
“childlike” is used to describe a person who is like a child in appearance, character, or
behavior. (childlike用來形容一個人的外貌、性格或舉止像個孩子,天真,單純。)
1)She is a nice person but a bit too childish.(她人不錯,只是太幼稚了一點。)
2)She has a childish face.(她有張孩子氣的臉。)
3)The young woman has a childlike figure.(那個年輕婦人有著孩子般的體型。)
4)It is childish to go into danger for nothing.(無謂地陷入危險是幼稚的行為。)
3.dependence n. 依靠,依賴;信賴;隸屬。
-ence是常用的名詞后綴,如:absence,confidence,innocence 等等。如果我們把后綴-ence變換成-ent,dependent則是個形容詞;如果在dependence或dependent前面加上前綴in-, 則表示相反意義,“獨立”、“獨立的”。
1)All living thing depend on sunlight, air and water.(一切生命依賴于陽光、空氣和水。)
2)He doesn't want to live in dependence on his parents any longer.(他不想再依靠父母生活。)
3)The old man s very dependent on his son.(那位老人什么都依賴他兒子。)
4)India got its independence in 1946.(印度于1946年獲得獨立。)
5)He is independent of his parents.(他不依賴父母而自立。)
4.disapprove v. 不贊成。
我們在第二單元中學習過approve,在第二十三單元中學習過approval.approve是disapprove的反義詞,approval則是disapproval的反義詞。
disapprove和approve一樣可以用作及物動詞和不及物動詞。用作不及物動詞時,在其后需加介詞of,然后才可以接賓語。如:
1)He disapproved the arrangement for the wedding.(她不贊成婚事的安排。)
2)Her parents disapproved her marriage to Jimmy.(父母不同意她與吉米的婚事。)
3)The teacher disapproved of her students going camping.(老師不反對她的學生們去露營。)
4)He disapproved of my method.(他反對我的方法。)
5.discourage v. 使泄氣,使沮喪;阻攔。
上個單詞disapprove中的dis-前綴表示“not”,discourage中的前綴dis-則表示“deprive of”。discourage的反義詞是encourage.courage是名詞,意思是“勇氣”。
1)He didn't have the courage to tell her the truth. (他沒有勇氣對她說實話。)
2)We have to face the difficulties with courage. (我們得勇敢地面對困難。)
3)Don't be discouraged by setbacks.(別因挫折而泄氣。)
4)The heavy rain discouraged us from going out.(大雨使我們無法出去。)
5)Her husband encouraged her to complete her study.(她丈夫鼓勵她完成學業(yè)。)
6)They felt encouraged by their achievements.(他們因自己取得的成就而感到鼓舞。)
7)He finished encouraged by their achievements.(盡管有許多令人灰心的挫折,他仍然完成了工作。)
8)What he said just now is discouraging.(他剛才說的話令人泄氣。)
9)Children need more encouragement.(孩子需要更多的鼓勵。)
10) The results are encouraging.(結果令人鼓舞。)
6.permissible adj. 容許的,準許的。
permissible是permission的形容詞形式,而permission是permit的名詞形式。
1)Smoking is not obtain permitted in public places.(不允許在公共場所抽煙。)
2)Mother would not permit her to watch TV for too long.(媽媽不允許她看電視時間過長。)
3)He could not obtain permission from the authorities.(他無法獲得官方的許可。)
4)You can't do it without permission.(沒有得到許可,你不能做這件事。)
5)It was permissible to ask a question.(提一個問題是準許的。)
6)In many cases, it is permissible for a child to cry.(在許多情況下,孩子是準許哭的。)
7.excusable adj. 可原諒地,可辯解的。
同上一個單詞中的后綴-ible一樣,-able也是一個常用的形容詞后綴。如:desirable(值得要的),irritable(易怒的),reasonable(合理的),noticeable(明顯的)。
excuse可以做名詞用,意思是“借口,理由”,也可以一做動詞喲功能,意思是“原諒,寬恕”或“免除”。
1)You don't have to make any excuse.(你不用編任何借口。)
2)There is no excuse for not giving them a chance.(沒有理由不給他們機會。)
3)Please excuse my carelessness.(請原諒我的粗心。)
4)I could never excuse him for being so rude.(我永遠也不會原諒他如此無禮。)
5)She was excused from long hours' of practice.(她可以免除長時間的練習。)
6)This is an excusable mistake.(這是個可原諒的錯誤。)
7)In women, crying is excusable, but in men, crying is a mark of weakness.(女人哭是可以原諒的,而男人哭則是軟弱的標志。)
8.capacity n. 容量;能力。
1)The theatre has a seating capacity of 3000.(這個劇院能容納3000名觀眾。)
2)The theatre was filled to capacity.(劇院里座無虛席。)
3)The book is beyond the capacity of young readers.(這本書超出了少年讀者的理解力。)
4)The storage vessel has a capacity of 10,000 liters.(這個存儲器的容積是1萬升。)
5)It is necessary to develop students' capacity for reasoning. (培養(yǎng)學生的推理能力很有必要。)
9.incapacity n. 無能力,不能。
1)He lived from hand to mouth because of his incapacity to work.(由于無力工作,他勉強對付著過日子。)
2)Growing incapacity is coming with increasing age.(能力的喪失會隨著年齡的增長而加劇。)
10.organism n. 生物體,有機體。
1)These creatures are descended from simpler organisms.(這些生物源于更低等的生物體。)
2)Factories and cities are more complex organisms self-sufficient villages.(工廠和城市是比自給自足的村莊更復雜的機體。)
11.restore v. 使恢復,使回復。
1)The old building was restored by the people of the city.(城里的老百姓修復了那座古建筑。)
2)The doctor restored him to health.(醫(yī)生使他恢復了健康。)
3)The relations between the two countries were restored to normal.(兩國之間的關系恢復正常了。)
4)The police restored a lost child to the parents.(警察把迷失的孩子交還其父母。)
5)He was restored to his post after he had been proved innocent.(被證明清白后,他復了職。)
12.dynamic adj. 動力的,動態(tài)的;有生氣的,有力的。
1)He gradually became accustomed to living in this dynamic city.(他漸漸習慣生活在這座生氣勃勃的城市里。)
2)A dynamic leadership is indispensable to the successful completion of this project.(這項工程的成功完成離不開強有力的領導。)
3)Words like “fly” and “run” are dynamic verbs.(像“飛”和“跑”這樣的詞是動態(tài)動詞。)
13.stability n. 穩(wěn)定,穩(wěn)定性;堅定,恒心。
stability 是stable的名詞形式,而stabilize則是動詞。
1)The new administration had to try hard to regain a stable economy and a stable currency.(新政府努力恢復經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定和通貨穩(wěn)定。)
2)The stable political environment helped to bring about the economic prosperity.(政治環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定有助于經(jīng)濟繁榮的產(chǎn)生。)
3)The world needs stable peace.(世界需要持久的和平。)
4)Internal arguments had threatened the stability of the government.(內部的爭執(zhí)已經(jīng)威脅政府的穩(wěn)定。
5)The patient's condition began to stabilize.(病人的病情開始穩(wěn)定。)
6)They are taking measures to stabilize prices.(他們正在采取措穩(wěn)定物價。)
14.interference n. 干涉,干預;妨礙。
在第十八單元中我們已經(jīng)學過了動詞interfere, interference是 interfere的名詞形式。
1)I couldn't hear the program because there was too much interference.(我聽不清節(jié)目,因為干擾太大。)
2)He wanted to do it on his own without any outside interference.(他想自己獨立做那件事,不受任何外界干擾。)
3)They didn't expect any interference from their parents.(他們沒有料到會有來自父母的干預。)
4)No country has the right to interfere in another country's internal affairs.(任何國家都無權干涉別國內政。)
5)Misty weather interfered with the contact.(霧天妨礙聯(lián)絡。)
15.damage n. 損害,損失;賠償金。 v. 損傷,毀壞。
1)Fortunately, the damage to the boat was not too serious.(所幸的是船的損壞不太嚴重。)
2)I don't want to see the rumor do any damage to your reputation.(我不想看到這個謠傳有害你的名譽。)
3)He got $500 damages for the injury he suffered in the accident.(他因事故受傷而獲得500美元賠償金。)
4)The buildings were seriously damaged by the earthquake.(地震使房屋受到嚴重毀壞。)
5)Don't damage other people’s interests.(不要損害他人利益。)
16.maintenance n. 維持,保持;維修;維護;撫養(yǎng)費。
在第二十二單元中,我們已經(jīng)學過了動詞maintain,maintenance是maintain的名詞形式。
1)He spent a lot on the maintenance of his car.(他在汽車維護上花了不少錢。)
2)Maintenance of order is no easy job at this time.(這時候要維持秩序可不是件容易的事。)
3)How much maintenance does he pay his ex-wife?(他付給前妻多少撫養(yǎng)費?)
4)He takes regular physical exercise to maintain health.(他定期進行體育鍛煉以保持健康。)
5)They have maintained correspondence for 20 years.(他們保持通信聯(lián)系已有20年。)
17.animated adj. 栩栩如生的;生氣勃勃的。
1)They are having an animated discussion.(他們正在進行熱烈的討論。)
2)The animated pieced of sculpture attracted a lot of people.(栩栩如生的雕塑作品吸引了許多人。)
3)He felt very excited when walking in the animated city street.(走在繁忙的鬧市大街上,他感到很興奮。)
18.shed v. 流出,發(fā)出,散發(fā)。
1)Roses shed their fragrance in the garden.(玫瑰的芳香散發(fā)在花園里。)
2)The trees have shed all their leaves in winter.(冬天,樹上的葉子全掉了。)
3)She couldn't help shedding tears when she heard the story.(聽了那個故事,她不禁流下了眼淚。)
19.lessen v. 減少,減輕;縮小,貶低。
我們曾講過-en是一個常用的動詞后綴,可以用在形容詞或名詞后面構成動詞,如: shorten, broaden, brighten, worsen, lengthen, heighten等等。
1)They are doing everything possible to lessen tensions between the two nations.(他們正在盡一切可能緩和兩國之間的緊張局勢。)
2)I don't know what I can do to lessen his pain.(我不知道我能做什么來減輕他的痛苦。)
3)He wanted to get the upper hand by lessening the achievements of his rivals.(他想用貶低對手成就的方式來占上風。)
20. defect n. 缺點,欠缺。 vi. 逃跑,背叛。
1)She has a hearing defect.(她有聽覺缺陷。)
2)He was surprised to find that the TV set has a basic defect.(他發(fā)現(xiàn)那臺電視機有個大毛病,非常吃驚。)
3)He defected to the enemy.(他向敵方叛逃。)
21.intention n. 意圖,打算。
1)He hurt his friends feelings without intention.(他無意間傷害了朋友的感情。)
2)I had made it clear that I had no intention of spending the rest of my life in such a place.(我已明確表示我無意在此度過余生。)
3)He was motivated by good intentions.(他的動機是善意的。)
4)Mr. Brown had no intention to resign.(布郎先生不打算辭職。)
本課主要語言點
1.Weakness n. 軟弱,薄弱;缺點,弱點;嗜好。
Weakness 是形容詞weak的名詞形式。-ness這個名詞后綴常用在形容詞后面,構成名詞。如:happiness,carelessness,sadness,uselessness等等。
1)He was too weak to walk any further.(他沒有力氣再往前走了。)
2)She was born with weak eyesight.(她天生視力差。)
3)He is weak in maths.(他不擅常數(shù)學。)
4)Weak leaders won't be able to cope with this situation.(軟弱無力的領導人無法應付這一局面。)
5)She recovered from her weakness after two week's rest.(經(jīng)過兩周的休息,她虛弱的身體得到了恢復。)
6)His recovered from pressure would give his opponent some chance.(他在壓力之下的軟弱會給他的對手帶來機會。)
7)They saw a weakness in Robert's method.(他們在羅伯特的方法中看到了弱點。)
8)He has a weakness for money.(他愛錢如命。)
2.Childishness n. 幼稚
同上一個單詞一樣,-ness這個名詞后綴用在愛形容詞后面,構成名詞。
I was annoyed at the childishness of her remark.(她孩子氣的話語令我惱火。)
請注意 childish 和childlike的異同之處:
“childish” is used to describe a person who behaves in an immature way, or to describe
something that is typical of a child. (childish用來形容某個行為不成熟的人或用來形容某件事似孩子般的。)
“childlike” is used to describe a person who is like a child in appearance, character, or
behavior. (childlike用來形容一個人的外貌、性格或舉止像個孩子,天真,單純。)
1)She is a nice person but a bit too childish.(她人不錯,只是太幼稚了一點。)
2)She has a childish face.(她有張孩子氣的臉。)
3)The young woman has a childlike figure.(那個年輕婦人有著孩子般的體型。)
4)It is childish to go into danger for nothing.(無謂地陷入危險是幼稚的行為。)
3.dependence n. 依靠,依賴;信賴;隸屬。
-ence是常用的名詞后綴,如:absence,confidence,innocence 等等。如果我們把后綴-ence變換成-ent,dependent則是個形容詞;如果在dependence或dependent前面加上前綴in-, 則表示相反意義,“獨立”、“獨立的”。
1)All living thing depend on sunlight, air and water.(一切生命依賴于陽光、空氣和水。)
2)He doesn't want to live in dependence on his parents any longer.(他不想再依靠父母生活。)
3)The old man s very dependent on his son.(那位老人什么都依賴他兒子。)
4)India got its independence in 1946.(印度于1946年獲得獨立。)
5)He is independent of his parents.(他不依賴父母而自立。)
4.disapprove v. 不贊成。
我們在第二單元中學習過approve,在第二十三單元中學習過approval.approve是disapprove的反義詞,approval則是disapproval的反義詞。
disapprove和approve一樣可以用作及物動詞和不及物動詞。用作不及物動詞時,在其后需加介詞of,然后才可以接賓語。如:
1)He disapproved the arrangement for the wedding.(她不贊成婚事的安排。)
2)Her parents disapproved her marriage to Jimmy.(父母不同意她與吉米的婚事。)
3)The teacher disapproved of her students going camping.(老師不反對她的學生們去露營。)
4)He disapproved of my method.(他反對我的方法。)
5.discourage v. 使泄氣,使沮喪;阻攔。
上個單詞disapprove中的dis-前綴表示“not”,discourage中的前綴dis-則表示“deprive of”。discourage的反義詞是encourage.courage是名詞,意思是“勇氣”。
1)He didn't have the courage to tell her the truth. (他沒有勇氣對她說實話。)
2)We have to face the difficulties with courage. (我們得勇敢地面對困難。)
3)Don't be discouraged by setbacks.(別因挫折而泄氣。)
4)The heavy rain discouraged us from going out.(大雨使我們無法出去。)
5)Her husband encouraged her to complete her study.(她丈夫鼓勵她完成學業(yè)。)
6)They felt encouraged by their achievements.(他們因自己取得的成就而感到鼓舞。)
7)He finished encouraged by their achievements.(盡管有許多令人灰心的挫折,他仍然完成了工作。)
8)What he said just now is discouraging.(他剛才說的話令人泄氣。)
9)Children need more encouragement.(孩子需要更多的鼓勵。)
10) The results are encouraging.(結果令人鼓舞。)
6.permissible adj. 容許的,準許的。
permissible是permission的形容詞形式,而permission是permit的名詞形式。
1)Smoking is not obtain permitted in public places.(不允許在公共場所抽煙。)
2)Mother would not permit her to watch TV for too long.(媽媽不允許她看電視時間過長。)
3)He could not obtain permission from the authorities.(他無法獲得官方的許可。)
4)You can't do it without permission.(沒有得到許可,你不能做這件事。)
5)It was permissible to ask a question.(提一個問題是準許的。)
6)In many cases, it is permissible for a child to cry.(在許多情況下,孩子是準許哭的。)
7.excusable adj. 可原諒地,可辯解的。
同上一個單詞中的后綴-ible一樣,-able也是一個常用的形容詞后綴。如:desirable(值得要的),irritable(易怒的),reasonable(合理的),noticeable(明顯的)。
excuse可以做名詞用,意思是“借口,理由”,也可以一做動詞喲功能,意思是“原諒,寬恕”或“免除”。
1)You don't have to make any excuse.(你不用編任何借口。)
2)There is no excuse for not giving them a chance.(沒有理由不給他們機會。)
3)Please excuse my carelessness.(請原諒我的粗心。)
4)I could never excuse him for being so rude.(我永遠也不會原諒他如此無禮。)
5)She was excused from long hours' of practice.(她可以免除長時間的練習。)
6)This is an excusable mistake.(這是個可原諒的錯誤。)
7)In women, crying is excusable, but in men, crying is a mark of weakness.(女人哭是可以原諒的,而男人哭則是軟弱的標志。)
8.capacity n. 容量;能力。
1)The theatre has a seating capacity of 3000.(這個劇院能容納3000名觀眾。)
2)The theatre was filled to capacity.(劇院里座無虛席。)
3)The book is beyond the capacity of young readers.(這本書超出了少年讀者的理解力。)
4)The storage vessel has a capacity of 10,000 liters.(這個存儲器的容積是1萬升。)
5)It is necessary to develop students' capacity for reasoning. (培養(yǎng)學生的推理能力很有必要。)
9.incapacity n. 無能力,不能。
1)He lived from hand to mouth because of his incapacity to work.(由于無力工作,他勉強對付著過日子。)
2)Growing incapacity is coming with increasing age.(能力的喪失會隨著年齡的增長而加劇。)
10.organism n. 生物體,有機體。
1)These creatures are descended from simpler organisms.(這些生物源于更低等的生物體。)
2)Factories and cities are more complex organisms self-sufficient villages.(工廠和城市是比自給自足的村莊更復雜的機體。)
11.restore v. 使恢復,使回復。
1)The old building was restored by the people of the city.(城里的老百姓修復了那座古建筑。)
2)The doctor restored him to health.(醫(yī)生使他恢復了健康。)
3)The relations between the two countries were restored to normal.(兩國之間的關系恢復正常了。)
4)The police restored a lost child to the parents.(警察把迷失的孩子交還其父母。)
5)He was restored to his post after he had been proved innocent.(被證明清白后,他復了職。)
12.dynamic adj. 動力的,動態(tài)的;有生氣的,有力的。
1)He gradually became accustomed to living in this dynamic city.(他漸漸習慣生活在這座生氣勃勃的城市里。)
2)A dynamic leadership is indispensable to the successful completion of this project.(這項工程的成功完成離不開強有力的領導。)
3)Words like “fly” and “run” are dynamic verbs.(像“飛”和“跑”這樣的詞是動態(tài)動詞。)
13.stability n. 穩(wěn)定,穩(wěn)定性;堅定,恒心。
stability 是stable的名詞形式,而stabilize則是動詞。
1)The new administration had to try hard to regain a stable economy and a stable currency.(新政府努力恢復經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定和通貨穩(wěn)定。)
2)The stable political environment helped to bring about the economic prosperity.(政治環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定有助于經(jīng)濟繁榮的產(chǎn)生。)
3)The world needs stable peace.(世界需要持久的和平。)
4)Internal arguments had threatened the stability of the government.(內部的爭執(zhí)已經(jīng)威脅政府的穩(wěn)定。
5)The patient's condition began to stabilize.(病人的病情開始穩(wěn)定。)
6)They are taking measures to stabilize prices.(他們正在采取措穩(wěn)定物價。)
14.interference n. 干涉,干預;妨礙。
在第十八單元中我們已經(jīng)學過了動詞interfere, interference是 interfere的名詞形式。
1)I couldn't hear the program because there was too much interference.(我聽不清節(jié)目,因為干擾太大。)
2)He wanted to do it on his own without any outside interference.(他想自己獨立做那件事,不受任何外界干擾。)
3)They didn't expect any interference from their parents.(他們沒有料到會有來自父母的干預。)
4)No country has the right to interfere in another country's internal affairs.(任何國家都無權干涉別國內政。)
5)Misty weather interfered with the contact.(霧天妨礙聯(lián)絡。)
15.damage n. 損害,損失;賠償金。 v. 損傷,毀壞。
1)Fortunately, the damage to the boat was not too serious.(所幸的是船的損壞不太嚴重。)
2)I don't want to see the rumor do any damage to your reputation.(我不想看到這個謠傳有害你的名譽。)
3)He got $500 damages for the injury he suffered in the accident.(他因事故受傷而獲得500美元賠償金。)
4)The buildings were seriously damaged by the earthquake.(地震使房屋受到嚴重毀壞。)
5)Don't damage other people’s interests.(不要損害他人利益。)
16.maintenance n. 維持,保持;維修;維護;撫養(yǎng)費。
在第二十二單元中,我們已經(jīng)學過了動詞maintain,maintenance是maintain的名詞形式。
1)He spent a lot on the maintenance of his car.(他在汽車維護上花了不少錢。)
2)Maintenance of order is no easy job at this time.(這時候要維持秩序可不是件容易的事。)
3)How much maintenance does he pay his ex-wife?(他付給前妻多少撫養(yǎng)費?)
4)He takes regular physical exercise to maintain health.(他定期進行體育鍛煉以保持健康。)
5)They have maintained correspondence for 20 years.(他們保持通信聯(lián)系已有20年。)
17.animated adj. 栩栩如生的;生氣勃勃的。
1)They are having an animated discussion.(他們正在進行熱烈的討論。)
2)The animated pieced of sculpture attracted a lot of people.(栩栩如生的雕塑作品吸引了許多人。)
3)He felt very excited when walking in the animated city street.(走在繁忙的鬧市大街上,他感到很興奮。)
18.shed v. 流出,發(fā)出,散發(fā)。
1)Roses shed their fragrance in the garden.(玫瑰的芳香散發(fā)在花園里。)
2)The trees have shed all their leaves in winter.(冬天,樹上的葉子全掉了。)
3)She couldn't help shedding tears when she heard the story.(聽了那個故事,她不禁流下了眼淚。)
19.lessen v. 減少,減輕;縮小,貶低。
我們曾講過-en是一個常用的動詞后綴,可以用在形容詞或名詞后面構成動詞,如: shorten, broaden, brighten, worsen, lengthen, heighten等等。
1)They are doing everything possible to lessen tensions between the two nations.(他們正在盡一切可能緩和兩國之間的緊張局勢。)
2)I don't know what I can do to lessen his pain.(我不知道我能做什么來減輕他的痛苦。)
3)He wanted to get the upper hand by lessening the achievements of his rivals.(他想用貶低對手成就的方式來占上風。)
20. defect n. 缺點,欠缺。 vi. 逃跑,背叛。
1)She has a hearing defect.(她有聽覺缺陷。)
2)He was surprised to find that the TV set has a basic defect.(他發(fā)現(xiàn)那臺電視機有個大毛病,非常吃驚。)
3)He defected to the enemy.(他向敵方叛逃。)
21.intention n. 意圖,打算。
1)He hurt his friends feelings without intention.(他無意間傷害了朋友的感情。)
2)I had made it clear that I had no intention of spending the rest of my life in such a place.(我已明確表示我無意在此度過余生。)
3)He was motivated by good intentions.(他的動機是善意的。)
4)Mr. Brown had no intention to resign.(布郎先生不打算辭職。)