主謂不一致
在四、六級(jí)寫(xiě)作中，考生經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)主謂不一致問(wèn)題。所謂主謂一致指的是英語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上應(yīng)保持一致。它可分為三種情況:
(1)語(yǔ)法一致，即主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采取單數(shù)形式;主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞亦采用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(2)意念一致，即從意義著眼處理主謂一致問(wèn)題。有時(shí)，主語(yǔ)形式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依據(jù)意義而定，也采取復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(3)比鄰一致，即"就近原則"也就是說(shuō)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)往往應(yīng)與其最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
1.Some women are not secretary in the office, instead, they become manager of the company.
2. Misconceptions about apes has turned a relatively peaceful animal into a terrifying monster.
3. The rising cost of necessities like food and shelter force many elderly people to live in poverty.
4. In the distance are a billow of black smoke.
5. Here's the books you want.
6. Neither the union leaders nor the negotiator want the strike to continue.
7. In eighteenth-century France, makeup and high heels was worn by men.
8. Each of the child's thirty-four stuffed animals have a name and an entire life history.
解析：
1. Some women are not secretaries in the office; instead, they become managers of the company.
2. Misconceptions about the ape have turned a relatively peaceful animal into a terrifying monster.
3. The rising cost of necessities like food and shelter forces many elderly people to live in poverty.
4. In the distance is a billow of black smoke.
5. Here're the books you want.
6. Neither the union leaders nor the negotiator wants the strike to continue.
7. In eighteenth-century France, makeup and high heels were worn by men.
8. Each of the child's thirty-four stuffed animals has a name and an entire life history.
時(shí)態(tài)不一致
在造句時(shí)要注意時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)該保持一致。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
1. The motorbike was red, and there are two persons on the motorbike.
2. He told me he will be a good tennis player the next year when we met on a train.
3. If I failed to achieve my desire, I will think it comes from a fate beyond my power.
4. However, if the goals are obtained, my endless efforts bring them to me.
5. No one could deny that computers have made our life convenient and make our work efficient.
6. Depending on computer, many problems can be easily solved, which is not possible 20 years ago.
解析：
1. The motorbike was red, and there were two persons on the motorbike.
2. He told me he would be a good tennis player the next year when we met on a train.
3. If I failed to achieve my desire, I would think it comes from a fate beyond my power.
4. However, if the goals are obtained, my endless efforts will bring them to me.
5. No one could deny that computers have made our life convenient and made our work efficient.
6. Depending on computer, many problems can be easily solved, which was not possible 20 years ago.
解析：
1. "Is honesty out of date?" many people asked. In my opinion, the answer should be"no" because honesty is not a simple social phenomenon, but a kind of humanity which is rooted in our mind.
2. And then there is no need to worry whether you'll be lost in a strange place, if you have a cellphone, especially, in some urgent situations.
3. There are other functions about cellphone, for example, time-schedule.
4. First, we all know that cosmetics always contain complex chemical elements to which many people will be allergic.
5. First of all, cellphone serves as a convenient way of communication, since it allows you to chat with others on the phone whenever you like.
6. First, people deal with wastes carelessly. They pay little attention to the result of the wastes. Second, it is due to the development of industries.
7. In my opinion, honesty becomes more and more important in recent society. At the same time the society competition becomes more and more fierce.
8. We can do a lot of things to entertain ourselves in spare time, like reading, and listening to music.
9. Personally speaking, friendship is an in-depth relationship combining trust, support, communication, understanding, empathy, and intimacy, including aspects of life that all of us crave.
10. Thus, could I make a piece of advice to you that the price of food be reduced?
英語(yǔ)的句子雖然結(jié)構(gòu)多樣，但都是由基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)演化擴(kuò)展而來(lái)。如果句子不符合基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)要求，缺少必要成分或者將從句或短語(yǔ)誤當(dāng)作句子，就不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。由于英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)方法和習(xí)慣不同，成分殘缺是中國(guó)學(xué)生在英文寫(xiě)作中容易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
11. It will please the eyes and mind of others so that produce an excellent impression.
12. There is still something that not so satisfactory.
13. The wicked always panicky, while the good always faces the reality with a smile.
14. Always, I dream about the childhood which including happiness and sadness.
15. I drove slowly past the old brick house. The place where I grew up.
16. Before I turn on the microwave oven. I have to turn off the overhead light in the kitchen. Otherwise the fuse blows.
17. My mother likes watching daytime television shows. Especially old movies and soap operas.
18. I wonder now why I have to learn certain subjects. Such as Geometry.
19. Every other day, Kara runs two miles. Then does fifty sit-ups. She hasn't lost weight, but she looks slimmer and more muscular.
20. I like all kinds of fresh pizza. But refuse to eat frozen pizza. The sauce is always dried out, and the crust tastes like leather.
解析：
11. It will please the eyes and mind of others so that it may produce an excellent impression.
12. There is still something that is not so satisfactory.
13. The wicked always panic, while the good always face the reality with smiles.
14. Always, I dream about the childhood with happiness and sadness.
15. I drove slowly past the old brick house where I grew up.
16. Before I turn on the microwave oven, I have to turn off the overhead light in the kitchen. Otherwise the fuse blows.
17. My mother likes watching daytime television shows, especially old movies and soap operas.
18. I wonder now why I have to learn certain subjects, such as Geometry.
19. Every other day, Kara runs two miles. Then she does fifty sit-ups. She hasn't lost weight, but she looks slimmer and more muscular.
20. I like all kinds of fresh pizza, but I refuse to eat frozen pizza. The sauce is always dried out, and the crust tastes like leather.
在四、六級(jí)寫(xiě)作中，考生經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)主謂不一致問(wèn)題。所謂主謂一致指的是英語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上應(yīng)保持一致。它可分為三種情況:
(1)語(yǔ)法一致，即主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也采取單數(shù)形式;主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞亦采用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(2)意念一致，即從意義著眼處理主謂一致問(wèn)題。有時(shí)，主語(yǔ)形式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依據(jù)意義而定，也采取復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(3)比鄰一致，即"就近原則"也就是說(shuō)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)往往應(yīng)與其最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
1.Some women are not secretary in the office, instead, they become manager of the company.
2. Misconceptions about apes has turned a relatively peaceful animal into a terrifying monster.
3. The rising cost of necessities like food and shelter force many elderly people to live in poverty.
4. In the distance are a billow of black smoke.
5. Here's the books you want.
6. Neither the union leaders nor the negotiator want the strike to continue.
7. In eighteenth-century France, makeup and high heels was worn by men.
8. Each of the child's thirty-four stuffed animals have a name and an entire life history.
解析：
1. Some women are not secretaries in the office; instead, they become managers of the company.
2. Misconceptions about the ape have turned a relatively peaceful animal into a terrifying monster.
3. The rising cost of necessities like food and shelter forces many elderly people to live in poverty.
4. In the distance is a billow of black smoke.
5. Here're the books you want.
6. Neither the union leaders nor the negotiator wants the strike to continue.
7. In eighteenth-century France, makeup and high heels were worn by men.
8. Each of the child's thirty-four stuffed animals has a name and an entire life history.
時(shí)態(tài)不一致
在造句時(shí)要注意時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)該保持一致。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
1. The motorbike was red, and there are two persons on the motorbike.
2. He told me he will be a good tennis player the next year when we met on a train.
3. If I failed to achieve my desire, I will think it comes from a fate beyond my power.
4. However, if the goals are obtained, my endless efforts bring them to me.
5. No one could deny that computers have made our life convenient and make our work efficient.
6. Depending on computer, many problems can be easily solved, which is not possible 20 years ago.
解析：
1. The motorbike was red, and there were two persons on the motorbike.
2. He told me he would be a good tennis player the next year when we met on a train.
3. If I failed to achieve my desire, I would think it comes from a fate beyond my power.
4. However, if the goals are obtained, my endless efforts will bring them to me.
5. No one could deny that computers have made our life convenient and made our work efficient.
6. Depending on computer, many problems can be easily solved, which was not possible 20 years ago.
解析：
1. "Is honesty out of date?" many people asked. In my opinion, the answer should be"no" because honesty is not a simple social phenomenon, but a kind of humanity which is rooted in our mind.
2. And then there is no need to worry whether you'll be lost in a strange place, if you have a cellphone, especially, in some urgent situations.
3. There are other functions about cellphone, for example, time-schedule.
4. First, we all know that cosmetics always contain complex chemical elements to which many people will be allergic.
5. First of all, cellphone serves as a convenient way of communication, since it allows you to chat with others on the phone whenever you like.
6. First, people deal with wastes carelessly. They pay little attention to the result of the wastes. Second, it is due to the development of industries.
7. In my opinion, honesty becomes more and more important in recent society. At the same time the society competition becomes more and more fierce.
8. We can do a lot of things to entertain ourselves in spare time, like reading, and listening to music.
9. Personally speaking, friendship is an in-depth relationship combining trust, support, communication, understanding, empathy, and intimacy, including aspects of life that all of us crave.
10. Thus, could I make a piece of advice to you that the price of food be reduced?
英語(yǔ)的句子雖然結(jié)構(gòu)多樣，但都是由基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)演化擴(kuò)展而來(lái)。如果句子不符合基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)要求，缺少必要成分或者將從句或短語(yǔ)誤當(dāng)作句子，就不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。由于英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)方法和習(xí)慣不同，成分殘缺是中國(guó)學(xué)生在英文寫(xiě)作中容易出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。
鞏固練習(xí)：改正句子。
11. It will please the eyes and mind of others so that produce an excellent impression.
12. There is still something that not so satisfactory.
13. The wicked always panicky, while the good always faces the reality with a smile.
14. Always, I dream about the childhood which including happiness and sadness.
15. I drove slowly past the old brick house. The place where I grew up.
16. Before I turn on the microwave oven. I have to turn off the overhead light in the kitchen. Otherwise the fuse blows.
17. My mother likes watching daytime television shows. Especially old movies and soap operas.
18. I wonder now why I have to learn certain subjects. Such as Geometry.
19. Every other day, Kara runs two miles. Then does fifty sit-ups. She hasn't lost weight, but she looks slimmer and more muscular.
20. I like all kinds of fresh pizza. But refuse to eat frozen pizza. The sauce is always dried out, and the crust tastes like leather.
解析：
11. It will please the eyes and mind of others so that it may produce an excellent impression.
12. There is still something that is not so satisfactory.
13. The wicked always panic, while the good always face the reality with smiles.
14. Always, I dream about the childhood with happiness and sadness.
15. I drove slowly past the old brick house where I grew up.
16. Before I turn on the microwave oven, I have to turn off the overhead light in the kitchen. Otherwise the fuse blows.
17. My mother likes watching daytime television shows, especially old movies and soap operas.
18. I wonder now why I have to learn certain subjects, such as Geometry.
19. Every other day, Kara runs two miles. Then she does fifty sit-ups. She hasn't lost weight, but she looks slimmer and more muscular.
20. I like all kinds of fresh pizza, but I refuse to eat frozen pizza. The sauce is always dried out, and the crust tastes like leather.