核心詞匯1 ----- 功能性詞匯
功能動詞：
表示“分類”： classify, assort , categorize , label
* People are usually categorized/classified as sociable and unsociable.
* The man is usually labeled as a new-rich [暴發(fā)戶]. 人們常把他歸于暴發(fā)戶之列
表示“造成”： cause , lead to , result in , bring about ,bring on , trigger , give rise to
engender：*Sympathy often engenders love.同情常常產生愛情
表示“做”： conduct , carry out , implement , commit , be under way ,
* 真題07-3 Michael Lynn, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping…
* The government promised to implement a new system to control financial loan
institutions. 政府承諾實施/執(zhí)行一個新的系統(tǒng)來控制金融貸款機構。
* The project is now well under way. 一個項目正在順利行進
表示 “評估”：evaluate, appraise, assess , judge
表示“期望”：expect , anticipate, long for , look forward to , hope , wish
表示 “擁有”： have, own , possess, hold, be in possession of , belong to (屬于)
表示 “掌控”： control, be in charge of , dominate, monitor , supervise
表示“破壞”： damage , ruin , spoil , destroy , devastate , raze , wreck
* The accident wrecked his health. 這次意外事故損壞了他的健康。
表示“理解，知道”：understand , appreciate , be aware of , be conscious of , recognize
表示“很多”： many, numerous, a flood of , a good many, considerable , substantial abundant ,
a wealth of [修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)]，plenty of , a great number of , a great deal of
表示“有聯(lián)系”：relate to , correlate to, associate with , connect to , link with , be linked to
表示 “表明,證明”： show, demonstrate , manifest v. , prove , reveal , # unravel [ravel n.混亂]
表示 “參與”： take part in , participate in ，be involved in ,
功能形容詞：
表示“相反”： opposing : He has an opposing view about the world . 對于世界他有完全不同
的觀點
contradictory: contradictory ideas 相互矛盾的觀點
表示“反對”： against ,be opposed to， be averse to … ，object to ,
真題07-3:?。 knew three groups would be opposed: customers, servers and
restaurant owners＂
表示“調整適應”：adjust to , adapt to ,
gear to : This training is geared to passing MBA examinations.
accommodate : The eye can accommodate itself to seeing objects at different
distances. 眼睛能自動調節(jié)以便觀看遠近不同的景物。
表示“很可能，傾向于”： be likely to , be apt to , be prone to , be inclined to , tend to
* People are inclined to believe that the more money they have the happier they
would be
表示“足夠”：enough，adequate , ample ,sufficient
表示 “好,棒”： good , great , fabulous, marvelous, magnificent , miraculous, terrific , amazing
fantastic, gorgeous
表示“難以置信”： unbelievable , incredible, unimaginable, It is hard to believe/imagine …
表示“重要”： important , critical , crucial, essential , fundamental , foremost , significant [意義
重大], vital ,
表示“不可缺少”： necessary , essential , indispensible , integral [強調組成整體中的一部分]
* Kids are an integral part of a family.
表示 “明顯的”： obvious, apparent, clear , distinct , evident , manifest , # overt [公開的]
表示 “復雜的”： complicated , complex , involved , sophisticated [強調因為技術精密而復雜]
* a sophisticated telescope 精密復雜的望遠鏡
表示 “有前景”： promising , potential , prospective
功能副詞：
表示“主要地,根本上地” mainly, basically, chiefly, essentially, primarily, principally
表示“僅僅，只不過”： only, just , merely, solely , no more than ，exclusively
* He learned music solely for fun. 他學音樂只是為了開心。
* He learned English exclusively by himself. 他的英語只是自學的。
[強調沒有靠其他方式]
表示 “非常，很”： very , greatly ,awfully, badly, considerably , enormously, extremely,
significantly, highly, radically, excessively [過渡地],
# disproportionately[比例過大地],
表示”大約” : about, approximately , around , or so ,
some: Some 4000 people went to the show
表示“實際上,實質上”：
actually , as a matter of fact , in fact , in effect , practically, really, virtually
其他
表示“關于”：about, in regard to , respecting , on , with respect to ,
in terms of（在…方面）：China is great nation in terms of its history.
表示“同時”： at the same time , in the meantime , meanwhile ,
#simultaneously, [?????????????????] # synchronously [????????????]
表示“根據(jù)”：according to , based on ,
in the light of : *In the light of the evidence, we are convinced that he is right.
表示“暗示，線索”： clue , clew, hint , implication
核心詞匯2 --- 態(tài)度觀點信號詞：
論點：認為，相信： argue , argument , believe , suppose, think , be convinced that [相信] , hold the belief that … , have a notion that …, view…as , regard….as , see…as, consider….to be, reckon [算作，設想],
論據(jù): for example , for instance , specifically, take… as an example
like , such as … , Imagine …. ,
調查研究：investigation , inquiry [hold an inquiry into a case對一個案子進行調查]
research, study, survey, report , questionnaire[調查問卷]，measurement ,
調查研究結果：
得出結論： conclude that … ，come to a conclusion that …. , draw a conclusion that …
表明，發(fā)現(xiàn)： show , suggest , demonstrate , manifest [清楚地顯示或表示] display,
find , find out, discover, reveal , prove
indicate, imply,
預測： forecast , foretell, foresee, predict
表示贊同： agree, appreciate , approve, consent to
表示反對： against , disagree, disapprove, dissent , object to , be opposed to
表示事實： belief , fact , reality, truth
表示理論，設想：assumption , theory, hypothesis [假設]
表示目的： to do, aim at, for the sake of , for , serve as, in favor of [有利于],
for the purpose of, intend to do ,
論據(jù)中常見專家名稱：
expert , specialist , professor , associate professor [副教授]， sociologist [社會學家]，
economist, linguist[語言學家]，consultant [顧問] psychologist [心理學家]，behaviorist [行為學家]，
philosopher[哲學家] , anthropologist [人類學家]，archaeologist [考古學家]，
核心詞匯3 --邏輯信號詞 ? 路標詞
１，表示因果的
原因：后接句子 --- Because, since , as , for
后接詞組 --- because of , thanks to , owing to , due to , as a result of ,
by/in virtue of [由于]
* The movie touched me by virtue of its story.
結果： so(that), accordingly[因此] ; as a result; consequently; for this
(that)reason; hence; therefore
此外：表因果的特色詞匯
比如A 是因，B是果：
A account for / be responsible for B
A cause / lead to / result in / bring about / bring on / trigger /give rise to B
2，表示轉折的
“但是，然而”：but , however; yet , nevertheless, whereas
“盡管，雖然”：后接句子 --- although , though, even though , while ,# notwithstanding
后接詞組 --- despite; in spite of
“相反地”： conversely[相反地] ; on the contrary;
“另一方面”： on the other hand;
３，表示比較的
by comparison ; in contrast (相比之下); in the same way; similarly
4，表示遞進的
also; besides; furthermore; in addition; in particular（特別地）more importantly; moreover; What’s more
5，表示概括的
in brief; in conclusion; in short; in a word , in sum; to sum up; on the whole
, to conclude
6．表示并列：
and , or , at the same time, meanwhile , as well as
功能動詞：
表示“分類”： classify, assort , categorize , label
* People are usually categorized/classified as sociable and unsociable.
* The man is usually labeled as a new-rich [暴發(fā)戶]. 人們常把他歸于暴發(fā)戶之列
表示“造成”： cause , lead to , result in , bring about ,bring on , trigger , give rise to
engender：*Sympathy often engenders love.同情常常產生愛情
表示“做”： conduct , carry out , implement , commit , be under way ,
* 真題07-3 Michael Lynn, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping…
* The government promised to implement a new system to control financial loan
institutions. 政府承諾實施/執(zhí)行一個新的系統(tǒng)來控制金融貸款機構。
* The project is now well under way. 一個項目正在順利行進
表示 “評估”：evaluate, appraise, assess , judge
表示“期望”：expect , anticipate, long for , look forward to , hope , wish
表示 “擁有”： have, own , possess, hold, be in possession of , belong to (屬于)
表示 “掌控”： control, be in charge of , dominate, monitor , supervise
表示“破壞”： damage , ruin , spoil , destroy , devastate , raze , wreck
* The accident wrecked his health. 這次意外事故損壞了他的健康。
表示“理解，知道”：understand , appreciate , be aware of , be conscious of , recognize
表示“很多”： many, numerous, a flood of , a good many, considerable , substantial abundant ,
a wealth of [修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)]，plenty of , a great number of , a great deal of
表示“有聯(lián)系”：relate to , correlate to, associate with , connect to , link with , be linked to
表示 “表明,證明”： show, demonstrate , manifest v. , prove , reveal , # unravel [ravel n.混亂]
表示 “參與”： take part in , participate in ，be involved in ,
功能形容詞：
表示“相反”： opposing : He has an opposing view about the world . 對于世界他有完全不同
的觀點
contradictory: contradictory ideas 相互矛盾的觀點
表示“反對”： against ,be opposed to， be averse to … ，object to ,
真題07-3:?。 knew three groups would be opposed: customers, servers and
restaurant owners＂
表示“調整適應”：adjust to , adapt to ,
gear to : This training is geared to passing MBA examinations.
accommodate : The eye can accommodate itself to seeing objects at different
distances. 眼睛能自動調節(jié)以便觀看遠近不同的景物。
表示“很可能，傾向于”： be likely to , be apt to , be prone to , be inclined to , tend to
* People are inclined to believe that the more money they have the happier they
would be
表示“足夠”：enough，adequate , ample ,sufficient
表示 “好,棒”： good , great , fabulous, marvelous, magnificent , miraculous, terrific , amazing
fantastic, gorgeous
表示“難以置信”： unbelievable , incredible, unimaginable, It is hard to believe/imagine …
表示“重要”： important , critical , crucial, essential , fundamental , foremost , significant [意義
重大], vital ,
表示“不可缺少”： necessary , essential , indispensible , integral [強調組成整體中的一部分]
* Kids are an integral part of a family.
表示 “明顯的”： obvious, apparent, clear , distinct , evident , manifest , # overt [公開的]
表示 “復雜的”： complicated , complex , involved , sophisticated [強調因為技術精密而復雜]
* a sophisticated telescope 精密復雜的望遠鏡
表示 “有前景”： promising , potential , prospective
功能副詞：
表示“主要地,根本上地” mainly, basically, chiefly, essentially, primarily, principally
表示“僅僅，只不過”： only, just , merely, solely , no more than ，exclusively
* He learned music solely for fun. 他學音樂只是為了開心。
* He learned English exclusively by himself. 他的英語只是自學的。
[強調沒有靠其他方式]
表示 “非常，很”： very , greatly ,awfully, badly, considerably , enormously, extremely,
significantly, highly, radically, excessively [過渡地],
# disproportionately[比例過大地],
表示”大約” : about, approximately , around , or so ,
some: Some 4000 people went to the show
表示“實際上,實質上”：
actually , as a matter of fact , in fact , in effect , practically, really, virtually
其他
表示“關于”：about, in regard to , respecting , on , with respect to ,
in terms of（在…方面）：China is great nation in terms of its history.
表示“同時”： at the same time , in the meantime , meanwhile ,
#simultaneously, [?????????????????] # synchronously [????????????]
表示“根據(jù)”：according to , based on ,
in the light of : *In the light of the evidence, we are convinced that he is right.
表示“暗示，線索”： clue , clew, hint , implication
核心詞匯2 --- 態(tài)度觀點信號詞：
論點：認為，相信： argue , argument , believe , suppose, think , be convinced that [相信] , hold the belief that … , have a notion that …, view…as , regard….as , see…as, consider….to be, reckon [算作，設想],
論據(jù): for example , for instance , specifically, take… as an example
like , such as … , Imagine …. ,
調查研究：investigation , inquiry [hold an inquiry into a case對一個案子進行調查]
research, study, survey, report , questionnaire[調查問卷]，measurement ,
調查研究結果：
得出結論： conclude that … ，come to a conclusion that …. , draw a conclusion that …
表明，發(fā)現(xiàn)： show , suggest , demonstrate , manifest [清楚地顯示或表示] display,
find , find out, discover, reveal , prove
indicate, imply,
預測： forecast , foretell, foresee, predict
表示贊同： agree, appreciate , approve, consent to
表示反對： against , disagree, disapprove, dissent , object to , be opposed to
表示事實： belief , fact , reality, truth
表示理論，設想：assumption , theory, hypothesis [假設]
表示目的： to do, aim at, for the sake of , for , serve as, in favor of [有利于],
for the purpose of, intend to do ,
論據(jù)中常見專家名稱：
expert , specialist , professor , associate professor [副教授]， sociologist [社會學家]，
economist, linguist[語言學家]，consultant [顧問] psychologist [心理學家]，behaviorist [行為學家]，
philosopher[哲學家] , anthropologist [人類學家]，archaeologist [考古學家]，
核心詞匯3 --邏輯信號詞 ? 路標詞
１，表示因果的
原因：后接句子 --- Because, since , as , for
后接詞組 --- because of , thanks to , owing to , due to , as a result of ,
by/in virtue of [由于]
* The movie touched me by virtue of its story.
結果： so(that), accordingly[因此] ; as a result; consequently; for this
(that)reason; hence; therefore
此外：表因果的特色詞匯
比如A 是因，B是果：
A account for / be responsible for B
A cause / lead to / result in / bring about / bring on / trigger /give rise to B
2，表示轉折的
“但是，然而”：but , however; yet , nevertheless, whereas
“盡管，雖然”：后接句子 --- although , though, even though , while ,# notwithstanding
后接詞組 --- despite; in spite of
“相反地”： conversely[相反地] ; on the contrary;
“另一方面”： on the other hand;
３，表示比較的
by comparison ; in contrast (相比之下); in the same way; similarly
4，表示遞進的
also; besides; furthermore; in addition; in particular（特別地）more importantly; moreover; What’s more
5，表示概括的
in brief; in conclusion; in short; in a word , in sum; to sum up; on the whole
, to conclude
6．表示并列：
and , or , at the same time, meanwhile , as well as