表示極有可能發(fā)生某事
As an auto repairman ，Dick ought to know what is wrong with the car .
狄克作為一個汽車修理工總該知道這部車的毛病所在吧。
If we set off right now ，we ought to be able to get there in time .
如果我們馬上出發(fā)，我們應(yīng)當能夠按時到達那里。
Tomorrow ought to be a nice day for we have such a fine sunset today .
今天有這么好的晚霞，明天準是個晴天。
need（用于否定句和疑問句）需要
There are still one and a half hours to go ，we needn't be insuch a hurry .
還有一個半小時，我們無需如此慌慌張張。
I hardly need say how much we missed you .不用說我們是多么想念你啊。
Need you go so soon ？你需要這么早就去嗎？
You need have no anxiety on my account .你不必為我而著急。
dare ，dared（用于否定句、疑問句和疑問句）敢
Dare you stay here alone in the night ？ 你敢在夜里呆在這兒嗎？
Nobody dared mention that matter. 沒有人敢提那件事。
How dared you say that to her ？ 你怎么敢對她說那件事？
Even if you dare do it ，I won't allow you to because it's too dangerous .
即使你敢做，我也會讓你做那件事，因為太危險了
shall 用作情態(tài)動詞時，適用于第二人稱和第三人稱。
主要表示下面幾層意思：
1）許諾
You shall hear everything directly you come .你一來就可以聽到一切了。
“Whatever you want you shall have ，”said the Fairy .
仙女說：“你想得到什么，你就可以有什么。”
I don't want to be hard on your daughter ；she shan't be pressed .
我不想對你女兒太嚴厲，她不會太受壓的。
I promise that you shall see her again before long .
我保證你不久就能再見到她。
2）命令
You shall come to my office immediately .你必須馬上來我的辦公室。
She shall not stay in my garden .她不可以呆在我的花園里。
He shall not come into my study . 不許他進我的書房。
You shall do as you are told .按告訴你的那么做。
3）決心（表示某事一定會發(fā)生）
That day shall come .那一天一定會到來。
It has been decided that he shall be given the job .
肯定給他那份工作的事已經(jīng)定下來了。
This law shall come into effect on January 1st 2001.
這個法律于2001年元月1日生效。
4）規(guī)定
Each competitor shall wear a number .每個參賽者要佩戴一個數(shù)字標。
The renter shall keep the house in a neat and orderly state .
租賃者要保持房屋整潔有序。
The supplier shall make shipment before October and the purchaser shall make payment within 15 days after receipt of the goods .賣方十月以前裝運，買方在收到貨物后十五天內(nèi)付款。
should?。ㄓ米髑閼B(tài)動詞時，有時表示具體的意思，有時卻沒有意義。主要用于下面幾個方面。）
1）表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事
You shouldn't come to such a decision hastily .
你不應(yīng)該匆匆忙忙地作出這么一個決定。
You should write to your parents at least once a month .
你應(yīng)該至少每月給你父母親寫一封信。
We should read English aloud every morning .
我們應(yīng)該每天早晨朗讀英文。
They should do it for their own good .
為了他們自己利益他們應(yīng)該做這件事。
2）表示對某種情況的估計
She shouldn't be out in such an early morning .
她不會這么一大早就出去了吧。
The effect of the tax should be felt in higher prices .
人們可能會從各種上漲的物價中感覺到這種稅的影響的。
The event should lead them to a even worse economic crisis.這次事件可能會將他們引向更嚴重的經(jīng)濟危機。
This book should be published in two months at most .
這本書最多兩個月后就會出版的。
3）表示驚訝、失望等情緒
I think it is dreadful that anyone should be so miserable.
我認為，竟然每個人都如此傷心就太糟糕了。
Why should I pay him for nothing ？ 我干嗎要無為地付給他錢？
It seems so unfair that this should happen to me .
這件事竟然發(fā)生在我身上似乎太不公平了。
It's strange that it should be so cold today .奇怪，今天怎么會這么冷。
4）用于某些從句中表示虛擬語氣
The doctor insisted that the girl should be hospitalized .
大夫堅持認為那個女孩要住院治療。
If it had not been for the doctor's care the girl should not be speaking to you now .要不是由于大夫的精心照料，這個女孩現(xiàn)在就不能與你說話了。
She stood away so that he should enter the room first .
她讓到一邊，好讓他第一個進入房間。
I'll write it down lest I should forget it 我將它記下以免遺忘。
Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain .
帶上雨傘，以防萬一下雨。
will ，would
（would可以看作是will的過去式，這兩個詞除了時態(tài)不相同外，在表達意思的許多方面是相近的。當然will 和would又都有一些各自不同的獨特用法。）
1）用于第二人稱疑問句，表示請求（在這種用法中would使語氣更為客氣、委婉）
Will you tell her that I'll be back in twenty minutes ？
請告訴她我二十分鐘后回來，好嗎？
If you want help，just let me know ，will you ？
你需要幫助就告訴我，好嗎？
Won't you come in and have a little whisky ？
你要不要進來喝一點兒威士忌？（或是：你進來喝一點兒威士忌，好嗎？）
Would you tell me how to get to the shopping center ？
您能告訴我怎么去購物中心嗎？
2）用于表示愿望
Go where you will .去你想去的地方吧。
I will pay you at the rate you ask .我會按你要的利率付給你錢的。
He wouldn't let the doctor take his blood pressure .他不愿意讓大夫給他量血壓。
They had to obey whether they would or not .他們不得不遵從他們的意愿。
As an auto repairman ，Dick ought to know what is wrong with the car .
狄克作為一個汽車修理工總該知道這部車的毛病所在吧。
If we set off right now ，we ought to be able to get there in time .
如果我們馬上出發(fā)，我們應(yīng)當能夠按時到達那里。
Tomorrow ought to be a nice day for we have such a fine sunset today .
今天有這么好的晚霞，明天準是個晴天。
need（用于否定句和疑問句）需要
There are still one and a half hours to go ，we needn't be insuch a hurry .
還有一個半小時，我們無需如此慌慌張張。
I hardly need say how much we missed you .不用說我們是多么想念你啊。
Need you go so soon ？你需要這么早就去嗎？
You need have no anxiety on my account .你不必為我而著急。
dare ，dared（用于否定句、疑問句和疑問句）敢
Dare you stay here alone in the night ？ 你敢在夜里呆在這兒嗎？
Nobody dared mention that matter. 沒有人敢提那件事。
How dared you say that to her ？ 你怎么敢對她說那件事？
Even if you dare do it ，I won't allow you to because it's too dangerous .
即使你敢做，我也會讓你做那件事，因為太危險了
shall 用作情態(tài)動詞時，適用于第二人稱和第三人稱。
主要表示下面幾層意思：
1）許諾
You shall hear everything directly you come .你一來就可以聽到一切了。
“Whatever you want you shall have ，”said the Fairy .
仙女說：“你想得到什么，你就可以有什么。”
I don't want to be hard on your daughter ；she shan't be pressed .
我不想對你女兒太嚴厲，她不會太受壓的。
I promise that you shall see her again before long .
我保證你不久就能再見到她。
2）命令
You shall come to my office immediately .你必須馬上來我的辦公室。
She shall not stay in my garden .她不可以呆在我的花園里。
He shall not come into my study . 不許他進我的書房。
You shall do as you are told .按告訴你的那么做。
3）決心（表示某事一定會發(fā)生）
That day shall come .那一天一定會到來。
It has been decided that he shall be given the job .
肯定給他那份工作的事已經(jīng)定下來了。
This law shall come into effect on January 1st 2001.
這個法律于2001年元月1日生效。
4）規(guī)定
Each competitor shall wear a number .每個參賽者要佩戴一個數(shù)字標。
The renter shall keep the house in a neat and orderly state .
租賃者要保持房屋整潔有序。
The supplier shall make shipment before October and the purchaser shall make payment within 15 days after receipt of the goods .賣方十月以前裝運，買方在收到貨物后十五天內(nèi)付款。
should?。ㄓ米髑閼B(tài)動詞時，有時表示具體的意思，有時卻沒有意義。主要用于下面幾個方面。）
1）表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事
You shouldn't come to such a decision hastily .
你不應(yīng)該匆匆忙忙地作出這么一個決定。
You should write to your parents at least once a month .
你應(yīng)該至少每月給你父母親寫一封信。
We should read English aloud every morning .
我們應(yīng)該每天早晨朗讀英文。
They should do it for their own good .
為了他們自己利益他們應(yīng)該做這件事。
2）表示對某種情況的估計
She shouldn't be out in such an early morning .
她不會這么一大早就出去了吧。
The effect of the tax should be felt in higher prices .
人們可能會從各種上漲的物價中感覺到這種稅的影響的。
The event should lead them to a even worse economic crisis.這次事件可能會將他們引向更嚴重的經(jīng)濟危機。
This book should be published in two months at most .
這本書最多兩個月后就會出版的。
3）表示驚訝、失望等情緒
I think it is dreadful that anyone should be so miserable.
我認為，竟然每個人都如此傷心就太糟糕了。
Why should I pay him for nothing ？ 我干嗎要無為地付給他錢？
It seems so unfair that this should happen to me .
這件事竟然發(fā)生在我身上似乎太不公平了。
It's strange that it should be so cold today .奇怪，今天怎么會這么冷。
4）用于某些從句中表示虛擬語氣
The doctor insisted that the girl should be hospitalized .
大夫堅持認為那個女孩要住院治療。
If it had not been for the doctor's care the girl should not be speaking to you now .要不是由于大夫的精心照料，這個女孩現(xiàn)在就不能與你說話了。
She stood away so that he should enter the room first .
她讓到一邊，好讓他第一個進入房間。
I'll write it down lest I should forget it 我將它記下以免遺忘。
Take an umbrella with you in case it should rain .
帶上雨傘，以防萬一下雨。
will ，would
（would可以看作是will的過去式，這兩個詞除了時態(tài)不相同外，在表達意思的許多方面是相近的。當然will 和would又都有一些各自不同的獨特用法。）
1）用于第二人稱疑問句，表示請求（在這種用法中would使語氣更為客氣、委婉）
Will you tell her that I'll be back in twenty minutes ？
請告訴她我二十分鐘后回來，好嗎？
If you want help，just let me know ，will you ？
你需要幫助就告訴我，好嗎？
Won't you come in and have a little whisky ？
你要不要進來喝一點兒威士忌？（或是：你進來喝一點兒威士忌，好嗎？）
Would you tell me how to get to the shopping center ？
您能告訴我怎么去購物中心嗎？
2）用于表示愿望
Go where you will .去你想去的地方吧。
I will pay you at the rate you ask .我會按你要的利率付給你錢的。
He wouldn't let the doctor take his blood pressure .他不愿意讓大夫給他量血壓。
They had to obey whether they would or not .他們不得不遵從他們的意愿。