托??荚囕o導(dǎo):語(yǔ)法講解(20)

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第三節(jié) 副詞在句中的位置
    副詞在句中的位置比較靈活,放在句首、句中、句尾都有可能,這是副詞的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但同時(shí)給英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者帶來(lái)了麻煩,往往難以抉擇副詞的位置,TOEFL出題者也借此大做文章,給考生制造障礙,在填空題、改錯(cuò)題中都涉及語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題
    幾點(diǎn)參考規(guī)則:
    1. 多數(shù)副詞放在修飾的動(dòng)詞之后,若動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)則放在賓語(yǔ)之后,如:
    She sings very well.
    I met your uncle(動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)) just now.
    I met just now your uncle (錯(cuò))
    2. 副詞修飾形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞時(shí)常放在被修飾成分之前,如:
    These two are only slightly different.
    right after this, very smoothly
    當(dāng)然,副詞enough是一個(gè)例外,要放在修飾成分的后面,如:
    I am not good enough to do this job. (對(duì))
    I am not enough good to do this job. (錯(cuò))
    3. 表示頻率的副詞常放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前,be動(dòng)詞之后,如:
    He often/ always/ rarely/seldom/never play(實(shí)意動(dòng)詞) tennis.
    He is always here at 8’clock. (be動(dòng)詞之后)
    4. 部分副詞的位置沒(méi)有一定的規(guī)定,原則上接近被修飾詞即可,如:
    only, even, still, perhaps, etc.
    例題:
    (1)
    When rainbows appear, they are always in the part of the sky opposite directly the Sun.
    應(yīng)改為:directly opposite.
    解釋:opposite 與the Sun 構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ), 修飾副詞directly必須置于opposite之前
    (2)
    Amoebas are ---- small to be seen without a microscope.
    (A) far too
    (B) far and
    (C) so far
    (D) as far as
    答案:A
    解釋:空格前是句子的主謂語(yǔ),空格處需要small的修飾語(yǔ),B, C, D都不能修飾形容詞, 故選A, 由副詞too修飾small,副詞far用來(lái)加深程度