1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 表示過(guò)去,推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情。例如:
Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在車禍中受了重傷。
Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
2) must have +done sth,對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè),語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),具有"肯定","諒必"的意思。例如:
——Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳達(dá)已經(jīng)去上班了,但她的單車還在這兒。
——She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。
3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本應(yīng)該做某事,而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了".例如:
You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. 你當(dāng)時(shí)在做試驗(yàn)時(shí)應(yīng)該更仔細(xì)點(diǎn)。
He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不該把舊衣服扔了。(事實(shí)上已扔了。)
ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。
4) needn't have done sth表示本沒(méi)必要做某事,但做了。例如:
I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.
旅行時(shí),我衣服穿得較多,其實(shí)沒(méi)有必要。那時(shí)天很熱。
5) would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事,但沒(méi)做。例如:
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想讀這篇文章,但太忙了一直沒(méi)讀。
Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 菲力浦可能在車禍中受了重傷。
Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
2) must have +done sth,對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè),語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),具有"肯定","諒必"的意思。例如:
——Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. 琳達(dá)已經(jīng)去上班了,但她的單車還在這兒。
——She must have gone by bus.肯定乘巴士去的。
3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth表示本應(yīng)該做某事,而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了".例如:
You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. 你當(dāng)時(shí)在做試驗(yàn)時(shí)應(yīng)該更仔細(xì)點(diǎn)。
He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不該把舊衣服扔了。(事實(shí)上已扔了。)
ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。
4) needn't have done sth表示本沒(méi)必要做某事,但做了。例如:
I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.
旅行時(shí),我衣服穿得較多,其實(shí)沒(méi)有必要。那時(shí)天很熱。
5) would like to have done sth表示本打算做某事,但沒(méi)做。例如:
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then. 我想讀這篇文章,但太忙了一直沒(méi)讀。