china daily 雙語新聞成龍為什么攻擊美國？
分析：成龍為什么攻擊美國？《華人街日報》雙語新聞
Jackie Chan is famous for his glorious on-camera recklessness 岸 leaping out of windows, crashing through walls and tumbling from rooftops for the sake of his millions of global fans. Recently, however, he's made a habit of performing a somewhat less crowd-pleasing stunt: Shooting off his mouth.
成龍在銀屏上以“拼命三郎”的形象著稱──為了全球數(shù)百萬粉絲，他跳出窗戶，撞穿墻壁，從屋頂翻滾而下。而最近他還經(jīng)常表演嘴皮子上的特技，說一些不那么討人喜歡的話。
The latest incident occurred last week, during an otherwise mundane interview on Qiang Qiang, a popular talk show on Hong Kong-based cable net Phoenix TV. After 15 minutes spent discussing Chan's latest film, CZ12 ('Chinese Zodiac'), the conversation turned to the action hero's reputation for fervent nationalism, which has prompted criticism from some on the Internet.
2012年12月10日，成龍作為嘉賓參加香港鳳凰衛(wèi)視(Phoenix TV)的熱門脫口秀節(jié)目“鏘鏘三人行”(Qiang Qiang)。節(jié)目前十五分鐘討論的是成龍的最新影片《十二生肖》(CZ12)，一切似乎都很正常，但隨后話題逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向這位功夫英雄的愛國言論，結(jié)果引發(fā)了部分網(wǎng)民的批評之聲。
'Chinese are dissatisfied with many things, but you always say 'China is so good.' Now many people on the net are displeased with you,' said the talk show's host, Dou Wentao. In response, Chan pointed out that while China has many problems, particularly with corruption, its ascent into global prominence has occurred only over the last dozen years. 'If you talk about corruption, does the entire rest of the world 岸 does America have no corruption?＃America has the most corruption in the world!'
“鏘鏘三人行”的主持人竇文濤說：“他們有一些，至少是因為比如說覺得中國現(xiàn)狀有很多他不滿意的地方，但是你老說中國現(xiàn)在這么這么好，他看著你就有點不順眼?！背升堅诨卮鹬兄赋?，雖然中國有很多問題，尤其是腐敗，但中國成為世界強國的真正成功是這十幾年?！澳阒v貪污，全世界──美國有沒有貪污？……世界的貪污！”
After the statement was translated into English by China-watching blog Ministry of Tofu, the Washington Post's Max Fisher penned a commentary on Chan's 'anti-Americanism,' wondering how the star could 'square his criticism of the United States with his long embrace of the American film market.'
該言論被關(guān)注中國新聞的博客“豆腐部”(Ministry of Tofu)翻譯成英文后，《華盛頓郵報》(Washington Post)國際事務(wù)評論員費雪(Max Fisher)撰文評價成龍的“反美主義”，質(zhì)問這位電影明星“長期擁抱美國電影市場，怎能如此直率抨擊美國”。
The article had the effect that anyone could have expected, generating over a thousand comments and a firestorm of social-media reaction, much of it decrying Chan's 'ingratitude' and vowing to boycott his future creative output, in an uncanny echo of the last time a scandal erupted around an Asian pop icon's bashing of America.
這篇文章一出，反響可想而知，后面跟著一千多條評論，在社交媒體上也引起軒然大波，大多數(shù)是指責成龍“忘恩負義”，并發(fā)誓要聯(lián)合抵制他今后的影片。這與近期韓國藝人“鳥叔”樸載相(PSY)因十年前反美演出而引發(fā)的美國公眾抨擊如出一轍。
There are notable differences between PSY's gaffe and Chan's, however. PSY dropped his buzzbomb over a decade ago as a relative unknown, driven by youthful passion and the prevailing attitudes in his native country. Chan hardly has that excuse. He's experienced enough to know that words have power, and he's famous enough for his voice to carry as far as the Internet can reach, in every language in the world.
然而，鳥叔的失當行為與成龍的反美言論有很大不同。鳥叔十年前還沒怎么出名，年輕氣盛，滿腔愛國熱血。成龍則找不到這種借口，他世情練達，理應(yīng)知道言多必失，而且他的名氣足以讓自己的言論通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以每一種語言傳播到世界各地。
So what could possibly explain Chan's willingness to alienate fans and risk his hard-won reputation with comments that, at the least, could be termed indiscreet? (It seems excessive to call his statement 'anti-Americanism,' when Americans, including action stars like Chuck Norris, regularly spout far harsher charges against America's culture, society and government 岸 but it was certainly poorly considered.)
那么，成龍為什么甘愿與美國粉絲分道揚鑣，讓自己好不容易在美國建立起來的聲譽和形象受到影響呢？他的這種言論至少可以說是輕率的。（將其言論打上“反美主義”的標簽有些過于夸張；美國人自己，比如動作演員查克•諾里斯(Chuck Norris)，也經(jīng)常抨擊美國文化、社會和政府方面的各種問題，有時候說得還更難聽。不過，成龍說的這番話肯定會引起美國公眾的反感。）
I don't know for sure. But I can make a stab at guessing.
我不敢確定這里頭的原因，但愿意嘗試猜上一猜。
Back in 1997, I wrote a book called I Am Jackie Chan: My Life in Action 岸 Chan's autobiography, and the first, and to this day only from-the-icon's-mouth accounting of his humble beginnings and rise to international stardom. I spent the better part of that year traveling with him on and off, and listening to the anecdotes of his many-colored life, from his birth to refugee parents in Hong Kong, to his Dickensian years as a foster student at Master Yu Jim Yuen's China Drama Academy, through his wild and woolly stuntman days, and finally his rocky (and then rocketlike) rise to global superstardom.
1997年，我寫過一本書，叫做《我是成龍──我的功夫人生》(I Am Jackie Chan: My Life in Action)。這是迄今為止一本由他親口講述自己如何從一個小人物成長為國際巨星的傳記。那一年，我大部分時間都陪著成龍四處奔波，一路聽他講多姿多彩人生的奇聞軼事：父母是逃到香港來的難民，小時候去香港的中國戲劇學院(China Drama Academy)拜于占元為師，當替身演員的艱難奮斗，以及成為國際影星的坎坷之路（但后來如火箭般一飛沖天）。
If there was a common theme across all of these many chapters, it's this: Chan's life has been an ongoing, obsessive quest for self-definition. It's why by the time he was an adult, he'd answered to a half-dozen different names, from Chan Kong Sang ('Born in Hong Kong Chan') to Yuen Lo ('Yuen's Tower') to Chan Sing Lung ('Becoming the Dragon Chan') to Fong Sing Lung (after his father let slip the secret that their true family name, obscured during wartime, was Fong); from 'Paul' to 'Jacky' to Jackie.
然而，在成龍豐富的人生篇章中，自始至終貫穿著一個不變的主基調(diào)：孜孜以求地自我界定。這就是為什么他從小到大用過六個不同的名字，包括陳港生、陳元樓、陳仕龍、房仕龍（當時成龍父親說出一個秘密，自己家族其實姓房，在戰(zhàn)爭時期改為陳）；此外，成龍的英文名也經(jīng)歷了從“Paul”到“Jacky”最后到“Jackie”的過程。
It's why he has always surrounded himself with a tight, nearly impenetrable circle of insiders, and why loyalty 岸 to him and from him 岸 is the primary trait of all his closest relationships. And it's the reason why he was Hong Kong's most ebullient cultural ambassador before 1997 岸 and why now, after Reunification, he's transformed into The New China's most fervent public advocate.
這就是為什么成龍身邊有一個由內(nèi)部人組成的緊密小圈子，外人幾乎不可能突破進去；這就是為什么成龍要求自己最親密的朋友對自己忠誠，而他也會以忠誠相待；這就是為什么成龍在1997年前是香港最活躍的文化大使，而在香港回歸大陸后，現(xiàn)在又轉(zhuǎn)變成為新中國最熱心的支持者。
Chan's eagerness to belong was shaped by a history of repeated abandonments, separations and betrayals, both small and large. His parents, unable to care for him, signed him over at a tender age to a master who had the right to punish him 'even to death.' Then, after putting Chan through a decade of harsh training for stardom on the Chinese opera stage, his teacher announced that there was no longer a market for such skills, shut down the school and retired to Los Angeles, leaving his students to fend for themselves with minimal book learning and no adult supervision.
成龍這種對歸屬感的強烈追求是由不斷發(fā)生在他身上的大大小小的拋棄、分離和背叛所造成的。成龍的父母無力撫養(yǎng)他，從小就把他托付給一個有權(quán)力把他“打到死”的師傅，在戲臺上經(jīng)過長達十載的艱辛訓練后，他師傅宣布現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有他們所學技藝的用武之地，把學校關(guān)掉，去洛杉磯安度晚年，而讓這幫沒念過幾本書的徒弟在沒有成年人看護的情況下自謀生路。
His early film years were marked by repeated humiliation and disappointment. Living in the shadow of the late, great Bruce Lee, Chan found himself forced to emulate Lee's stoic screen image, with unconvincing and financially disastrous results. (Even the nom d'ecran Chan chose for himself, 'Becoming the Dragon,' reflects Chan's youthful aspirations to rise to Lee's heights.)
在早年的從影生涯中，成龍不斷受到各種各樣的羞辱和打擊。在功夫巨星李小龍的陰影籠罩之下，成龍發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不得不模仿李小龍的銀屏形象，結(jié)果不但沒有獲得認可，而且生存得也十分艱難。（成龍這個藝名也有“成為李小龍”的潛臺詞，反映出他年輕時渴望達到李小龍那樣的成功高度。）
Breaking free from the clutches of Lo Wei, the 'millionaire director' who would later claim both Lee and Chan as proteges, Chan created the persona that would endear him to millions: Both Everyman and Ubermensch, an ordinary joe with extraordinary abilities hidden beneath his plain surface. But while it served him well in Asia, where he became the biggest and most bankable star of his generation, it did nothing to break him through to the world's largest movie market, the U.S. The forays Chan made into Hollywood 岸 the dull 'Big Brawl,' the clownish 'Cannonball Run' films, the misguided 'Protector' 岸 again forced him into roles and contexts that were ill-suited for his abilities and personality.
從“百萬富翁導演”羅維的枷鎖中掙脫出來之后（羅維后來聲稱李小龍和成龍都是自己一手帶出來的），成龍創(chuàng)造出了讓數(shù)百萬影迷為之青睞的角色定位：一個普通人和超級英雄的結(jié)合體，表面平凡無奇，實則深藏不露。這種定位讓成龍在亞洲市場一炮走紅，成為他那個時代影響力也最叫座的天皇巨星。不過，這依然不足以讓他打入美國這個全世界的電影市場。成龍在好萊塢推出三部作品，但都不甚理想：《殺手壕》(Big Brawl)平淡無奇，《炮彈飛車》(Cannonball Run)演得像個小丑，《威龍猛探》(Protector)容易使人誤解。成龍在這些影片中的角色和劇本內(nèi)容都與其能力和個性不相符合。
And Chan's youthful interactions with American studio execs and members of the U.S. media during that run, which ranged from dismissive to condescending to straight-up racist, gave him a bad taste that he has never quite been able to wash away.
在闖蕩好萊塢的過程中，成龍與美國電影制片商和媒體有過不少交鋒，給人留下或狂妄自大、或委曲求全、或種族主義傾向的不好印象，而這種印象一旦形成，就很難被扭轉(zhuǎn)過來。
In 1998, 'Rush Hour' gave Chan the American success he'd long been seeking. But his experience on the film also confirmed many of his suspicions about Hollywood: He has privately expressed resentment over the fact that his costar Chris Tucker's paycheck for the Rush Hour sequels 岸 $20 million and $25 million plus a portion of the gross for RH 2 and 3 respectively 岸 far outstripped what he was paid, even though Tucker has had almost no box-office success outside the RH trilogy, and even though Tucker risked little more than a case of drymouth, while Chan put his fortysomething body on the line in every other scene. (He still refers to the 'Rush Hour' films as his 'least favorite movies.')
1998年的《尖峰時刻》(Rush Hour)給成龍帶來了夢寐以求的成功，但拍攝這部影片的過程也印證了他對好萊塢的諸多疑慮：成龍曾經(jīng)私下抱怨，和他搭檔的影星克里斯•塔克(Chris Tucker)在《尖峰時刻2》和《尖峰時刻3》中分別拿到2000萬美元和2500萬美元的片酬，外加一部分票房提成──遠遠超過成龍的片酬，而塔克除了《尖峰時刻》系列之外幾乎沒什么票房成功之作，而且塔克不過是在影片中動動嘴皮子，而他得拖著四十多歲的身軀在每個場景中摸爬滾打。（成龍至今依然把《尖峰時刻》系列稱為自己“最不喜歡的作品”。）
So Chan has a bit of bitterness about America, how it treats foreigners, its sense of value and its sense of values. Combine that with his lifelong desire to be an acknowledged and appreciated member of his 'home team' 岸 channeled into a self-appointed role as chief evangelist for The New China, a place that is lifting itself up by its bootstraps, that's fixing its problems and that's poised to shape the future of the world 岸 and you get a formula for unpredictable blurts of an impolitic nature.
因此，成龍對美國這個國家、對美國人如何對待外國人、以及對美國的價值觀是有點意見的。在這種背景下，結(jié)合他畢生追求的“組織認可”，成龍給自己貼上新中國首席宣傳官的標簽，宣傳中國正在從底層一步步崛起，正在解決各種問題，勢必能夠影響世界未來等等。由此看來，他時不時脫口而出一些冒失言論也情有可原。
In 2004, Chan called the election that gave independence advocate Chen Shui-Bian the presidency of Taiwan 'pathetic' and an 'international joke.' In 2009, he called for greater restriction of freedoms on China, pointing to Taiwan and Hong Kong as examples of the 'chaos' that occurs when the people are not 'controlled.' He has expressed support for China's censorship policies, unleashing angry responses from Chinese Internet users.
2004年，成龍不滿支持*的陳水扁當選總統(tǒng)，說臺灣總統(tǒng)選舉讓人悲哀，是個國際笑話。2009年，他號召在中國對自由加以更多限制，說太自由就會像臺灣和香港一樣，變得很混亂，中國人還是需要被管的。此外，他還公開支持中國政府的審查制度。成龍的這些言論引起中國網(wǎng)民的一片罵聲。
And yet, despite, or maybe because of his verbal eruptions, Chan's star in China continues to rise. CZ12, by most accounts a mediocre addition to Chan's canon, had a record opening weekend and continued to soar, ultimately becoming China's second-highest-grossing domestic film ever, with over $130 million in total box office.
不過，即使說過這些話，甚至可能正是因為說過這些話，成龍在中國的星途依然熠熠生光?！妒ぁ分徊贿^是成龍的中等水平之作而已，但開映第一周就創(chuàng)下票房紀錄，而且持續(xù)升溫，最后總票房達到1.3億美元，成為第二賣座的國產(chǎn)影片。
If there's one thing that Jackie Chan has learned how to do in four decades of action, it's falling on his feet.
在成龍四十年的從影生涯中，如果有一件事情他很擅長的話，那就是高空落地，化險為夷。