AMID the daily drumbeat of protest across China involving citizens aggrieved by local injustices, a demonstration by around 300 AIDS victims outside the headquarters of the Henan provincial government late last month might have seemed routine. But the protesters’ growing frustration worries officials far beyond AIDS-wracked Henan. As the Communist Party prepares for an imminent leadership change it is more than usually anxious to keep the AIDS scandal quiet.
中國(guó)各地老百姓遭受當(dāng)?shù)卣还綄?duì)待，進(jìn)而引發(fā)的*事件早已屢見不鮮。在上個(gè)月底，有約三百名艾滋病受害者齊集河南省人民政府辦公總部外*，這似乎沒什么特別的地方。但是*者日漸增長(zhǎng)的憤怒情緒，讓河南省，這個(gè)艾滋病患者人口大省以外很遠(yuǎn)地方的官員們擔(dān)憂不已。共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)馬上就要交接，這可是非同小可的事情，所以官員們也就更緊張地要把這件艾滋病丑聞平息下來。
“The government is procrastinating, covering up and clamping down,” says an activist who joined the protest in the provincial capital, Zhengzhou, on August 27th. His son was found to be infected with HIV, the virus which causes AIDS, at the age of six after a blood transfusion at a Beijing hospital a decade ago. Many of the other participants were infected in government-backed blood-selling schemes in the 1990s. Donors, mostly poor farmers, were re-infused with pooled blood once its plasma had been removed. Tens of thousands contracted HIV this way. The government has never admitted responsibility. “政府拖拖拉拉，遮遮掩掩，還對(duì)我們施加壓力，”8月27日，河南省省會(huì)鄭州市一名參加*活動(dòng)的人士如此說道。他的兒子在十年前只有六歲大的時(shí)候，在一家北京醫(yī)院輸過血，后來就被發(fā)現(xiàn)感染了HIV(即艾滋病病毒)。別的許多*人士在上世紀(jì)90年代因賣血而感染艾滋病，而賣血這一方案是當(dāng)時(shí)政府支持的。賣血者多數(shù)是貧困的農(nóng)民，當(dāng)他們的血液被采集完后又把血漿從中分離后，剩下的血液又被輸回賣血者體內(nèi)。成千上萬人因此感染了艾滋病，而政府從未承認(rèn)責(zé)任。
As the protesters grew impatient at the lack of an official response to their demands for more financial assistance, some attacked (and eventually toppled) the low retractable gate in front of the government building. Witnesses say riot police wielded batons to beat them back. *者們要求政府給予更多經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)助，而官方遲遲沒有回應(yīng)，因此他們的耐心消失殆盡，一些人開始推倒政府大樓門前的伸縮門，最終也成功了。目擊者們稱，有防爆警察揮舞警棍，把他們趕走了。
The man who is preparing to take over as China’s prime minister, Li Keqiang, has particular reason to prefer that Henan’s AIDS crisis is dealt with quietly. Mr Li was the province’s governor and then party chief between 1998 and 2004. Although the blood-selling infections mostly occurred before he arrived, Mr Li, who is now deputy prime minister, is widely blamed by activists in Henan for maintaining tight controls on media coverage of the calamity and for the harassment of whistle-blowers by police. 中國(guó)下一任總理是李克強(qiáng)，他有特別的理由，希望河南省此次的艾滋病*危機(jī)可以平靜解決。李克強(qiáng)在1998年到2004年期間擔(dān)任河南省省委書記和省長(zhǎng)（注１）。盡管因賣血而造成的艾滋病事件是在李克強(qiáng)赴任省長(zhǎng)前發(fā)生的，但他作為現(xiàn)任副總理，卻廣受*者們的指責(zé)，稱他控制媒體，不讓報(bào)告災(zāi)難事件，同時(shí)香港警察們也抱怨李克強(qiáng)保鏢對(duì)*者的騷擾。（注２）
注一：李克強(qiáng)的履歷：1998—1999年 河南省委副書記、代省長(zhǎng) 1999—2002年 河南省委副書記、省長(zhǎng) 2002—2003年 河南省委書記、省長(zhǎng) 2003—2004年 河南省委書記、省人大常委會(huì)主任 所以并非是6年間完全擔(dān)任省長(zhǎng)和省委書記，此處為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的錯(cuò)誤。（我翻譯的上一篇也有類似錯(cuò)誤，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的編輯們你們敢認(rèn)真一點(diǎn)嗎） 注二：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6 ... 9%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0 上述網(wǎng)址需要*查看，你懂的。簡(jiǎn)單概括就是李克強(qiáng)訪港期間，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有位仁兄穿了件“平反sixty four"的襯衫，然后保鏢們就來那啥了，然后香港警方對(duì)此次事件的處理令香港市民很不滿。我查了不少資料，最后覺得作者應(yīng)該指的是這件事情，但是這里面的邏輯關(guān)系我有點(diǎn)不清楚，歡迎各路高手指正。
Blood ties 血肉相連
Mr Li is generally viewed as one of China’s more reform-minded leaders (including in health care, which he oversees). But protests such as the one in Zhengzhou are likely to prove a recurring embarrassment to him after he takes over as prime minister next March. In recent months Henan’s AIDS activists have been stepping up their efforts to put pressure on the government to take the blame and improve care for sufferers and their families. They are being helped by the rapid growth of microblogs. 李克強(qiáng)被普遍視為是一位比較有改革頭腦的中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人(包括在他所監(jiān)督的醫(yī)保方面)。明年三月他就要成為總理，但是像發(fā)生在鄭州的此類*事件則像是在他臉上打了一巴掌。最近幾個(gè)月，河南省的艾滋病活動(dòng)者們一直在努力對(duì)政府施加壓力，要他們承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，提高對(duì)事件受害者及其家屬的補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。微博的強(qiáng)勁發(fā)展也為活動(dòng)者們提供了幫助。
In recent years the central government has become more open in admitting the extent of the problem and has provided a little more aid to those affected. But activists say that local officials often ignore central-government orders to improve care for victims. Last month’s protest was the latest in a series of demonstrations aimed at persuading the government in Henan to carry out the centre’s wishes. Of particular concern is “Document 26”, a proposal issued in 2009 by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. It suggests that HIV-infected children and orphans whose parents have died because of the disease be given a minimum monthly subsidy of 600 yuan ($95). 近幾年來，中國(guó)中央政府在承認(rèn)問題的嚴(yán)重程度方面變得更加公開，也為那些受災(zāi)難事件影響的人們提供了一些幫助。但是河南省艾滋病活動(dòng)者們則稱，當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T經(jīng)常無視中央政府的提高受害者補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的命令。上個(gè)月的*活動(dòng)，是一系列旨在說服河南省政府執(zhí)行中央政府命令的*活動(dòng)的最后一次。2009年中國(guó)民政部發(fā)布了“26號(hào)文件”，備受人們關(guān)注。該文件建議，感染艾滋病的兒童和父母死于艾滋病的孤兒，應(yīng)該得到每月最低600元（合95美元）的補(bǔ)助。
Few local governments, which are notoriously averse to forking out for welfare, have taken up the idea. When they protested in Zhengzhou in April, demonstrators said an official promised a reply to their demands in a couple of months. They say they heard nothing. As the party prepares for its five-yearly congress in Beijing, officials are using increasingly heavy-handed measures to enforce stability. 沒有多少地方政府采取了這一建議，他們?cè)缇鸵蚓芙^為社會(huì)福利買單而臭名昭著了。今年4月份*者們?cè)?的時(shí)候，一名*者稱有一名官員承諾在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)回應(yīng)他們的要求，而現(xiàn)在他們根本聽不到任何回應(yīng)。因共產(chǎn)黨現(xiàn)在在北京準(zhǔn)備召開5年一度的黨代會(huì)，所以現(xiàn)在官員們使用越來越強(qiáng)硬的手段來維穩(wěn)。
An HIV-infected campaigner in Gongyi, one of Zhengzhou’s satellite towns, is one of the few who can claim his efforts have prompted any change. Last December he was in Beijing just as officials were looking for someone like him to meet the prime minister, Wen Jiabao, on World AIDS Day with TV cameras present. Mr Zhang (who does not want his full name used because of fears that fellow villagers might despise him for his illness) says that officials in Gongyi rapidly agreed to implement Document 26 after his handshake with Mr Wen. It was a low-cost decision: Gongyi is one of Henan’s wealthiest areas and therefore few of its farmers were attracted by the blood-selling scheme. 一名來自鄭州周邊城市鞏義市的患艾滋病的*者，是為數(shù)不多因自身努力而有所收獲的幾個(gè)人之一。去年十二月他剛好在北京，當(dāng)時(shí)有官員正在尋找像他這樣的人，讓其在世界艾滋病日與總理溫家寶見面，并出現(xiàn)在電視臺(tái)鏡頭前。張先生(他不愿透露全名，擔(dān)心同村村民會(huì)因?yàn)樗牟《缫曀?稱，他與溫家寶握手后，鞏義市的官員們馬上同意實(shí)施26號(hào)文件。這個(gè)決定花不了多少錢，鞏義市是河南省最富有的地區(qū)之一，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民沒有多少人被賣血賺錢所吸引。
Mr Wen’s concern has done little to help Mr Zhang. He and his wife (who is also infected) still live with his brother, having sold their house to pay for treatment. Mr Zhang says courts have rebuffed his attempts to sue the hospital where he received the transfusion that he blames for infecting him. The government likes to give the impression that it is concerned about AIDS, says his wife, “but it does nothing to back it up”. 溫家寶的關(guān)心對(duì)張先生沒有多少幫助。他把房子賣了付醫(yī)藥費(fèi)，仍然與妻子（同樣感染了艾滋?。┳≡诘艿芗依?。張先生稱法院拒絕了自己對(duì)醫(yī)院的控告，他指責(zé)那家醫(yī)院的輸血讓自己得了艾滋病。政府喜歡讓老百姓覺得自身是關(guān)注艾滋病的，但張先生的妻子說，“這樣做*用都沒有”。
“The government is procrastinating, covering up and clamping down,” says an activist who joined the protest in the provincial capital, Zhengzhou, on August 27th. His son was found to be infected with HIV, the virus which causes AIDS, at the age of six after a blood transfusion at a Beijing hospital a decade ago. Many of the other participants were infected in government-backed blood-selling schemes in the 1990s. Donors, mostly poor farmers, were re-infused with pooled blood once its plasma had been removed. Tens of thousands contracted HIV this way. The government has never admitted responsibility. “政府拖拖拉拉，遮遮掩掩，還對(duì)我們施加壓力，”8月27日，河南省省會(huì)鄭州市一名參加*活動(dòng)的人士如此說道。他的兒子在十年前只有六歲大的時(shí)候，在一家北京醫(yī)院輸過血，后來就被發(fā)現(xiàn)感染了HIV(即艾滋病病毒)。別的許多*人士在上世紀(jì)90年代因賣血而感染艾滋病，而賣血這一方案是當(dāng)時(shí)政府支持的。賣血者多數(shù)是貧困的農(nóng)民，當(dāng)他們的血液被采集完后又把血漿從中分離后，剩下的血液又被輸回賣血者體內(nèi)。成千上萬人因此感染了艾滋病，而政府從未承認(rèn)責(zé)任。
As the protesters grew impatient at the lack of an official response to their demands for more financial assistance, some attacked (and eventually toppled) the low retractable gate in front of the government building. Witnesses say riot police wielded batons to beat them back. *者們要求政府給予更多經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)助，而官方遲遲沒有回應(yīng)，因此他們的耐心消失殆盡，一些人開始推倒政府大樓門前的伸縮門，最終也成功了。目擊者們稱，有防爆警察揮舞警棍，把他們趕走了。
The man who is preparing to take over as China’s prime minister, Li Keqiang, has particular reason to prefer that Henan’s AIDS crisis is dealt with quietly. Mr Li was the province’s governor and then party chief between 1998 and 2004. Although the blood-selling infections mostly occurred before he arrived, Mr Li, who is now deputy prime minister, is widely blamed by activists in Henan for maintaining tight controls on media coverage of the calamity and for the harassment of whistle-blowers by police. 中國(guó)下一任總理是李克強(qiáng)，他有特別的理由，希望河南省此次的艾滋病*危機(jī)可以平靜解決。李克強(qiáng)在1998年到2004年期間擔(dān)任河南省省委書記和省長(zhǎng)（注１）。盡管因賣血而造成的艾滋病事件是在李克強(qiáng)赴任省長(zhǎng)前發(fā)生的，但他作為現(xiàn)任副總理，卻廣受*者們的指責(zé)，稱他控制媒體，不讓報(bào)告災(zāi)難事件，同時(shí)香港警察們也抱怨李克強(qiáng)保鏢對(duì)*者的騷擾。（注２）
注一：李克強(qiáng)的履歷：1998—1999年 河南省委副書記、代省長(zhǎng) 1999—2002年 河南省委副書記、省長(zhǎng) 2002—2003年 河南省委書記、省長(zhǎng) 2003—2004年 河南省委書記、省人大常委會(huì)主任 所以并非是6年間完全擔(dān)任省長(zhǎng)和省委書記，此處為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的錯(cuò)誤。（我翻譯的上一篇也有類似錯(cuò)誤，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的編輯們你們敢認(rèn)真一點(diǎn)嗎） 注二：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6 ... 9%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0 上述網(wǎng)址需要*查看，你懂的。簡(jiǎn)單概括就是李克強(qiáng)訪港期間，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)有位仁兄穿了件“平反sixty four"的襯衫，然后保鏢們就來那啥了，然后香港警方對(duì)此次事件的處理令香港市民很不滿。我查了不少資料，最后覺得作者應(yīng)該指的是這件事情，但是這里面的邏輯關(guān)系我有點(diǎn)不清楚，歡迎各路高手指正。
Blood ties 血肉相連
Mr Li is generally viewed as one of China’s more reform-minded leaders (including in health care, which he oversees). But protests such as the one in Zhengzhou are likely to prove a recurring embarrassment to him after he takes over as prime minister next March. In recent months Henan’s AIDS activists have been stepping up their efforts to put pressure on the government to take the blame and improve care for sufferers and their families. They are being helped by the rapid growth of microblogs. 李克強(qiáng)被普遍視為是一位比較有改革頭腦的中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人(包括在他所監(jiān)督的醫(yī)保方面)。明年三月他就要成為總理，但是像發(fā)生在鄭州的此類*事件則像是在他臉上打了一巴掌。最近幾個(gè)月，河南省的艾滋病活動(dòng)者們一直在努力對(duì)政府施加壓力，要他們承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，提高對(duì)事件受害者及其家屬的補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。微博的強(qiáng)勁發(fā)展也為活動(dòng)者們提供了幫助。
In recent years the central government has become more open in admitting the extent of the problem and has provided a little more aid to those affected. But activists say that local officials often ignore central-government orders to improve care for victims. Last month’s protest was the latest in a series of demonstrations aimed at persuading the government in Henan to carry out the centre’s wishes. Of particular concern is “Document 26”, a proposal issued in 2009 by the Ministry of Civil Affairs. It suggests that HIV-infected children and orphans whose parents have died because of the disease be given a minimum monthly subsidy of 600 yuan ($95). 近幾年來，中國(guó)中央政府在承認(rèn)問題的嚴(yán)重程度方面變得更加公開，也為那些受災(zāi)難事件影響的人們提供了一些幫助。但是河南省艾滋病活動(dòng)者們則稱，當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T經(jīng)常無視中央政府的提高受害者補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的命令。上個(gè)月的*活動(dòng)，是一系列旨在說服河南省政府執(zhí)行中央政府命令的*活動(dòng)的最后一次。2009年中國(guó)民政部發(fā)布了“26號(hào)文件”，備受人們關(guān)注。該文件建議，感染艾滋病的兒童和父母死于艾滋病的孤兒，應(yīng)該得到每月最低600元（合95美元）的補(bǔ)助。
Few local governments, which are notoriously averse to forking out for welfare, have taken up the idea. When they protested in Zhengzhou in April, demonstrators said an official promised a reply to their demands in a couple of months. They say they heard nothing. As the party prepares for its five-yearly congress in Beijing, officials are using increasingly heavy-handed measures to enforce stability. 沒有多少地方政府采取了這一建議，他們?cè)缇鸵蚓芙^為社會(huì)福利買單而臭名昭著了。今年4月份*者們?cè)?的時(shí)候，一名*者稱有一名官員承諾在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)回應(yīng)他們的要求，而現(xiàn)在他們根本聽不到任何回應(yīng)。因共產(chǎn)黨現(xiàn)在在北京準(zhǔn)備召開5年一度的黨代會(huì)，所以現(xiàn)在官員們使用越來越強(qiáng)硬的手段來維穩(wěn)。
An HIV-infected campaigner in Gongyi, one of Zhengzhou’s satellite towns, is one of the few who can claim his efforts have prompted any change. Last December he was in Beijing just as officials were looking for someone like him to meet the prime minister, Wen Jiabao, on World AIDS Day with TV cameras present. Mr Zhang (who does not want his full name used because of fears that fellow villagers might despise him for his illness) says that officials in Gongyi rapidly agreed to implement Document 26 after his handshake with Mr Wen. It was a low-cost decision: Gongyi is one of Henan’s wealthiest areas and therefore few of its farmers were attracted by the blood-selling scheme. 一名來自鄭州周邊城市鞏義市的患艾滋病的*者，是為數(shù)不多因自身努力而有所收獲的幾個(gè)人之一。去年十二月他剛好在北京，當(dāng)時(shí)有官員正在尋找像他這樣的人，讓其在世界艾滋病日與總理溫家寶見面，并出現(xiàn)在電視臺(tái)鏡頭前。張先生(他不愿透露全名，擔(dān)心同村村民會(huì)因?yàn)樗牟《缫曀?稱，他與溫家寶握手后，鞏義市的官員們馬上同意實(shí)施26號(hào)文件。這個(gè)決定花不了多少錢，鞏義市是河南省最富有的地區(qū)之一，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民沒有多少人被賣血賺錢所吸引。
Mr Wen’s concern has done little to help Mr Zhang. He and his wife (who is also infected) still live with his brother, having sold their house to pay for treatment. Mr Zhang says courts have rebuffed his attempts to sue the hospital where he received the transfusion that he blames for infecting him. The government likes to give the impression that it is concerned about AIDS, says his wife, “but it does nothing to back it up”. 溫家寶的關(guān)心對(duì)張先生沒有多少幫助。他把房子賣了付醫(yī)藥費(fèi)，仍然與妻子（同樣感染了艾滋?。┳≡诘艿芗依?。張先生稱法院拒絕了自己對(duì)醫(yī)院的控告，他指責(zé)那家醫(yī)院的輸血讓自己得了艾滋病。政府喜歡讓老百姓覺得自身是關(guān)注艾滋病的，但張先生的妻子說，“這樣做*用都沒有”。