一直希望回饋寄托聯(lián)盟其他網(wǎng)友的工作，因?yàn)樽鲞^一段時(shí)間的翻譯，故翻譯了這些題目，并希望與我探討。
101 "Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people."
101. 政府應(yīng)資助藝術(shù)家，促進(jìn)藝術(shù)繁榮，以便人們都能接觸到藝術(shù)。
102 "For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past."
102. 不論好壞，教育改變了人們以前的想法、信念和價(jià)值觀。
103 "The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives."
103. 研究歷史的價(jià)值只體現(xiàn)在這種研究和我們的日常生活相關(guān)時(shí)。
104 "It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpe tuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears."
104. 一種文化要想保留它認(rèn)為好的思想，消除它認(rèn)為不好的思想，主要是通過正規(guī)的教育。
105 "The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from it s own citizens."
105. 當(dāng)政府愿意接受來(lái)自其公民的質(zhì)疑時(shí)，才表明這個(gè)國(guó)家真正的強(qiáng)大。
106 "All students should be required to take at least one course in ethics,even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic subjects."
106. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該被要求至少學(xué)習(xí)一種道德規(guī)范課程，即使這樣會(huì)影響學(xué)術(shù)課程的學(xué)習(xí)。
107 "Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful,well-reasoned points of view."
107. 實(shí)時(shí)通信系統(tǒng)促使人們匆忙決定并快速作出回應(yīng)，而不是花時(shí)間得出一個(gè)仔細(xì)思考過、合情合理的觀點(diǎn)。
108 "In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and vie w government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings-- trials, debates, meetings, etc -- that are televised, the more society will benefit."
108. 在很多國(guó)家，從電視上看到政府人員辦公的場(chǎng)景已是可能。觀看這些過程有助于人們理解影響他們生活的問題。政府辦公如審判、辯論、會(huì)議等的各個(gè)場(chǎng)景，轉(zhuǎn)播得越多，對(duì)社會(huì)越有益。
109. 很多廣告的目的是要讓消費(fèi)者因?yàn)閾碛挟a(chǎn)品后“像”廣告中的人物而購(gòu)買某種產(chǎn)品，這樣的廣告是有效的，因?yàn)檫@樣既銷售了產(chǎn)品，又讓人們自我感覺良好。
110. 當(dāng)我們研究歷史時(shí)，我們變成了講故事的人。因?yàn)槲覀儫o(wú)從直接知道過去發(fā)生的事情，必須通過一些證據(jù)來(lái)構(gòu)建，所以歷史研究是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造成分的領(lǐng)域，而并非一個(gè)客觀的學(xué)科。所有的歷史學(xué)家都是講故事的人(storyteller)。
111 "The worldwide distribution of television programs and advertisements is seriously diminishing the differences among cultures."
111. 全球性電視節(jié)目和廣告極大地減少了各種文化之間的差異。
112 "Some educational systems emphasize the development of students capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions."
112. 一些教育機(jī)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的推理和邏輯思考能力，但是如果也教會(huì)學(xué)生認(rèn)知自我的情感，學(xué)生們將受益更多。
113 "It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves."
113. 定位自己，主要是通過定位自己所處的社會(huì)團(tuán)體。
114 "Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."
114. 人道主義在上個(gè)世紀(jì)并沒有真正的發(fā)展?？萍及l(fā)展，但是人道主義的整體面貌并沒有得到改善。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、暴力、貧窮一直困擾著我們?？萍疾荒芨淖?nèi)说乐髁x狀況。
115. 通過邏輯思維和精確的測(cè)量手段才能獲知我們的進(jìn)步。沒有這些工具，就沒有參考點(diǎn)來(lái)標(biāo)明我們進(jìn)步了多少，退步了多少。
116. 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和通訊等領(lǐng)域的全球化，毫無(wú)疑問，社會(huì)的方方面面，包括教育、政治、藝術(shù)和科學(xué)，都將從這種國(guó)際化影響中獲益非淺。
117 "The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience."
117. 從書本中所學(xué)的知識(shí)要比從直接的實(shí)踐中學(xué)到的更豐富、更廣博。 118 "In any field of endeavor -- the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc. -- it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal." 118. 在任何領(lǐng)域如科學(xué)、人文、社會(huì)科學(xué)、工業(yè)等，我們大的收獲在于達(dá)成目標(biāo)的道路上的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和發(fā)現(xiàn)，而不是獲取目標(biāo)本身。 119 "When research priorities are being set for science, education, or any other area, the most important question to consider is: How many people s lives will be improved if the results are successful?" 119. 為科學(xué)、教育或其他任何領(lǐng)域設(shè)定研究?jī)?yōu)先級(jí)時(shí)，需要考慮的問題是：如果研究成功，多少人將從中受益? 120 "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understandin g of the past provides little guidance for living in the present." 120. 現(xiàn)代生活是嶄新、復(fù)雜的，認(rèn)知過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒有指導(dǎo)價(jià)值。 121. 在過去不同的地質(zhì)時(shí)期，很多物種的滅絕都是自然因素造成，而并非人類行為。所以，社會(huì)沒有理由花費(fèi)很大的人力物力去拯救瀕臨滅絕的物種。 122 "We owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but to people who have disagreed." 122. 幾乎所有的知識(shí)都?xì)w功于和我們意見不同的人，而并非和我們意見一致的人。 123 "It is possible to identify a person s politics within a very short time of meeting him or her. Everything about people -- their clothes, their friends, the way they talk, what they eat -- reflects their political beliefs." 123. 和一個(gè)人相處很短的時(shí)間就有可能知道他的政治立場(chǎng)。所有與他們相關(guān)的如衣服、朋友、談話的方式、所吃的食物都反映出他們的政治信仰。 124 "Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of the se recent developmentsare designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before." 124. 快餐、實(shí)時(shí)通訊、高速運(yùn)輸，所有這些新發(fā)展都是為了節(jié)省人們的時(shí)間。但具有諷刺意味的是，這些進(jìn)步非但沒有給人們帶來(lái)更多的閑暇時(shí)間，反而讓人們的生活節(jié)奏越來(lái)越忙亂。 125 "The past is no predictor of the future." 125. 過去并不能預(yù)示將來(lái)。 126 "Society s external rewards are no measure of true success. True succes s can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself." 126. 社會(huì)所給予的外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不是成功的真正衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。真正的成功只能通過自己所設(shè)立的目標(biāo)來(lái)衡量。 127 "Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions." 127. 事實(shí)是不容改變的。它不會(huì)由于我們的希望、傾向或個(gè)人意志而改變。 128 "It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free." 128. 人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)教育的目的是釋放人們的心靈。但實(shí)際上，正規(guī)的教育卻傾向于束縛而非釋放了人們的心靈。 129 "Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life." 129. 科技對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活是必須的，但并非任何時(shí)候都能起到積極的作用。 130 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society." 130. 孩子融入社會(huì)的能力決定了社會(huì)的命運(yùn)。遺憾的是，我們還不知道怎樣培養(yǎng)孩子使他們對(duì)社會(huì)有益。 131 "The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society." 131.藝術(shù)(繪畫、音樂、文學(xué)等)展現(xiàn)了那些隱藏的觀點(diǎn)和社會(huì)的脈動(dòng)。 132 "The university community consists of three different worlds -- the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Because each world operateson its own assumptions and has its own special habits of thinking, rarely is there meaningful interaction among the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences." 132. 大學(xué)包含三種不同的領(lǐng)域：科學(xué)、人文和社會(huì)科學(xué)。因?yàn)槊糠N領(lǐng)域都有自己的設(shè)定和特殊的思維習(xí)慣，所以三者之間很少存在有意義的互動(dòng)?！?BR> 133 "The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: We live in terrible times. Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time." 133. 現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的問題使很多人抱怨：“我們生活在一個(gè)糟糕的年代。”但如果讓他們來(lái)選擇，沒有人會(huì)愿意過以往的生活。 134 "Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rheto rical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs." 134. 必須鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們意識(shí)到：機(jī)智和修辭技巧必須以真誠(chéng)和真正的信仰為基礎(chǔ)。 135 "While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems." 135. 雖然我們面臨的大多數(shù)環(huán)境問題都來(lái)源于科技的應(yīng)用，我們應(yīng)該依靠科技本身來(lái)尋找這些問題的解決方案。 136 "The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare." 136. 沒有選擇的情形非常少見。 137 "What we call progress is a matter of exchanging one problem for another." 137. 我們所謂的進(jìn)步只不過是把一個(gè)問題轉(zhuǎn)化成了另一個(gè)問題。 138 "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress." 138. 不犯錯(cuò)誤就不會(huì)有發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)步。 139 "Every new generation needs to redefine right and wrong in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time." 139. 每一代人都需要根據(jù)自己所處的時(shí)代情形重新定義“對(duì)”與“錯(cuò)”的概念。 140 "What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent." 140. 社會(huì)認(rèn)為大的社會(huì)成就、政治成就和個(gè)人成就往往招致極大的不滿。 141 "Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity." 141. 大多數(shù)人只意識(shí)到個(gè)性化的益處，但實(shí)際上個(gè)人的經(jīng)濟(jì)成功需要一致性。 142 "The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority." 142. 當(dāng)許多公民質(zhì)疑權(quán)威的時(shí)候，社會(huì)才能更富強(qiáng)。 143 "Artists should pay little attention to their critics. *Criticism tendsto undermine and constrain the artist s creativity." *those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 143. 藝術(shù)家應(yīng)該對(duì)給予他們的批評(píng)毫不理會(huì)。批評(píng)家總是削弱和限制藝術(shù)家的創(chuàng)造力 。 *評(píng)價(jià)藝術(shù)作品，例如小說(shuō)、電影、音樂、繪畫等的人。 144 "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 144. 是藝術(shù)家而不是批評(píng)家，帶給社會(huì)一些具有持久價(jià)值的東西。 *批評(píng)家指經(jīng)常評(píng)價(jià)藝術(shù)作品 ，例如小說(shuō)、電影、音樂、繪畫等的人。 145 "A crucial test of character is whether one is able to adapt to changing social conventions without sacrificing one s principles." 145. 性格測(cè)試關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)就是看一個(gè)人能否在不犧牲個(gè)人原則的基礎(chǔ)上適應(yīng)變化的社會(huì)習(xí)俗。 146 "People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it." 146. 對(duì)某思想或策略執(zhí)著的人往往對(duì)其挑剔。 147 "Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them." 147. 傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代不相容。人們必須在二者之間做出選擇。 148 "Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble." 148. 許多人崇尚理想主義，但它往往帶來(lái)失望或煩惱。 149 "The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects." 149. 保護(hù)野生環(huán)境實(shí)際有效的方法就是通過環(huán)保項(xiàng)目吸引更多的觀光客到那些地方去。 150 "Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete." 150. 通過電視和世界聯(lián)網(wǎng)的計(jì)算機(jī)，人們得以了解很多他們沒有去過的地方。所以，旅游業(yè)會(huì)越來(lái)越不景氣。 151 "High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail an d television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication."
151. 高速的電子通訊媒介，如電子郵件和電視，阻止了人們有思想、有意義的交流。 152 "The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies." 152. 對(duì)于公司的執(zhí)行官，他們的任務(wù)就是在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)，為公司賺取盡可能多的金錢。 153. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該帶著一定的懷疑態(tài)度對(duì)待所學(xué)的任何東西。他們應(yīng)該質(zhì)疑老師教給他們的東西，而不是被動(dòng)地接受。 154 "Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators." 154. 家長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)都應(yīng)該參與到當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校中來(lái)。教育太重要了，不能只靠專業(yè)教育者。 155 "Contemporary society offers so many waysof learning that reading books is no longer very important." 155. 當(dāng)代社會(huì)提供了很多學(xué)習(xí)的途徑，讀書這種學(xué)習(xí)方式已經(jīng)不是很重要了。 156 "Choice is an illusion. In reality, our lives are controlled by the society in which we live." 156. 選擇只是幻想。實(shí)際上，每個(gè)人的生活都是由所在的社會(huì)決定的。 157 "There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer s expectations or desires." 157. 沒有哪件事情是完全客觀觀察的結(jié)果。所有的觀察都是主觀的，通常由觀察者的期望和意愿所導(dǎo)引。 158 The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects." 158. 藝術(shù)(音樂、舞蹈、視覺藝術(shù)等)對(duì)學(xué)生的教育非常重要的，因此它們應(yīng)該得到和數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)、閱讀以及其他主流課程一樣的重視。 159 "The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds." 159. 人類思維總是勝過機(jī)器，因?yàn)闄C(jī)器只不過是人類思維的工具而已。 160 "The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little." 160. 有效力的本質(zhì)的品質(zhì)就是對(duì)特定原則和目標(biāo)的堅(jiān)持。任何，如果他很容易受到流行觀點(diǎn)的影響，那他就一事無(wú)成。 161 "In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished." 161. 在媒體鋪天蓋地的年代，不可能樹立英雄。任何人在媒體的“審視”下都會(huì)名聲掃地。 162 "One often hears about the need for individuals to take responsibility for their own lives. However, the conditions in which people find themselves have been largely established long before people become aware of them. Thus, the concept of personal responsibility is much more complicated and unrealistic than is often assumed." 162. 我們經(jīng)常聽到個(gè)人需要為自己的生活負(fù)責(zé)任。但是在人們認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所處的情形之前，這些情形很大程度上已確定。所以個(gè)人責(zé)任要比通常認(rèn)為的要復(fù)雜和不切實(shí)際的得多。 163 "Most people live, whether physically or morally, in a very restricted circle. They make use of a verylimited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis." 163. 大多數(shù)人，不管是肉體上還是精神上，都局限于有限的范圍內(nèi)。直到他們遇到重大問題或危機(jī)的時(shí)候，才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己只不過利用了可用資源很有限的一部分而已。 164 "Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can appro ach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes." 164. 想象力有時(shí)比經(jīng)驗(yàn)更有價(jià)值。缺乏實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人對(duì)可能性有更自由的想象空間，所以能夠不受固有的習(xí)慣和思維的限制來(lái)完成任務(wù)。 165 "In any given field, the leading voices come from people who are motiva ted not by conviction but by the desire to present opinions and ideas that differ from those held by the majority." 165. 在任何領(lǐng)域，主要的聲音來(lái)自于這些人，他們并不是由信念驅(qū)動(dòng)，而是由希望表達(dá)和大多數(shù)人相異的觀點(diǎn)和想法的意愿所驅(qū)動(dòng)。
166 "Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people s lives more comfortable." 166. 上個(gè)世紀(jì)，科技的大貢獻(xiàn)在于使人們的生活更舒適。 167 "It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth a ll the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician." 167. 有效力的政治在任何時(shí)候都告訴真相是不可能的。對(duì)于政治家來(lái)說(shuō)，太坦白不是美德。 168 "Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field." 168. 在任何領(lǐng)域，只有該領(lǐng)域?qū)＜易龀龅脑u(píng)判才是有價(jià)值的。 169 "Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other." 169. 認(rèn)為政治和道德是兩碼事的人既不懂政治又不懂道德。 170 "The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people." 170. 偉大國(guó)家可靠的標(biāo)志不是其統(tǒng)治者、藝術(shù)家或者科學(xué)家的成就，而是全體人民的福利。 171 "People who pursue their own intellectual interests for purely personal reasons are more likely to benefit the rest of the world than are people who try to act for the public good." 171. 那些純粹出于個(gè)人原因追求自己學(xué)術(shù)興趣的人，相比出于公眾利益努力的人，更有可能造福他人。 172 "Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the timelimited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis." 172. 真正的真理開始都是可憎的，或至少是令人不舒服的，和那個(gè)時(shí)代業(yè)已形成的至理名言相抵觸。
117. 從書本中所學(xué)的知識(shí)要比從直接的實(shí)踐中學(xué)到的更豐富、更廣博。 118 "In any field of endeavor -- the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc. -- it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal." 118. 在任何領(lǐng)域如科學(xué)、人文、社會(huì)科學(xué)、工業(yè)等，我們大的收獲在于達(dá)成目標(biāo)的道路上的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和發(fā)現(xiàn)，而不是獲取目標(biāo)本身。 119 "When research priorities are being set for science, education, or any other area, the most important question to consider is: How many people s lives will be improved if the results are successful?" 119. 為科學(xué)、教育或其他任何領(lǐng)域設(shè)定研究?jī)?yōu)先級(jí)時(shí)，需要考慮的問題是：如果研究成功，多少人將從中受益? 120 "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understandin g of the past provides little guidance for living in the present." 120. 現(xiàn)代生活是嶄新、復(fù)雜的，認(rèn)知過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒有指導(dǎo)價(jià)值。 121. 在過去不同的地質(zhì)時(shí)期，很多物種的滅絕都是自然因素造成，而并非人類行為。所以，社會(huì)沒有理由花費(fèi)很大的人力物力去拯救瀕臨滅絕的物種。 122 "We owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but to people who have disagreed." 122. 幾乎所有的知識(shí)都?xì)w功于和我們意見不同的人，而并非和我們意見一致的人。 123 "It is possible to identify a person s politics within a very short time of meeting him or her. Everything about people -- their clothes, their friends, the way they talk, what they eat -- reflects their political beliefs." 123. 和一個(gè)人相處很短的時(shí)間就有可能知道他的政治立場(chǎng)。所有與他們相關(guān)的如衣服、朋友、談話的方式、所吃的食物都反映出他們的政治信仰。 124 "Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of the se recent developmentsare designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before." 124. 快餐、實(shí)時(shí)通訊、高速運(yùn)輸，所有這些新發(fā)展都是為了節(jié)省人們的時(shí)間。但具有諷刺意味的是，這些進(jìn)步非但沒有給人們帶來(lái)更多的閑暇時(shí)間，反而讓人們的生活節(jié)奏越來(lái)越忙亂。 125 "The past is no predictor of the future." 125. 過去并不能預(yù)示將來(lái)。 126 "Society s external rewards are no measure of true success. True succes s can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself." 126. 社會(huì)所給予的外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不是成功的真正衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。真正的成功只能通過自己所設(shè)立的目標(biāo)來(lái)衡量。 127 "Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions." 127. 事實(shí)是不容改變的。它不會(huì)由于我們的希望、傾向或個(gè)人意志而改變。 128 "It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free." 128. 人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)教育的目的是釋放人們的心靈。但實(shí)際上，正規(guī)的教育卻傾向于束縛而非釋放了人們的心靈。 129 "Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life." 129. 科技對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活是必須的，但并非任何時(shí)候都能起到積極的作用。 130 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society." 130. 孩子融入社會(huì)的能力決定了社會(huì)的命運(yùn)。遺憾的是，我們還不知道怎樣培養(yǎng)孩子使他們對(duì)社會(huì)有益。 131 "The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society." 131.藝術(shù)(繪畫、音樂、文學(xué)等)展現(xiàn)了那些隱藏的觀點(diǎn)和社會(huì)的脈動(dòng)。 132 "The university community consists of three different worlds -- the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Because each world operateson its own assumptions and has its own special habits of thinking, rarely is there meaningful interaction among the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences." 132. 大學(xué)包含三種不同的領(lǐng)域：科學(xué)、人文和社會(huì)科學(xué)。因?yàn)槊糠N領(lǐng)域都有自己的設(shè)定和特殊的思維習(xí)慣，所以三者之間很少存在有意義的互動(dòng)?！?BR> 133 "The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: We live in terrible times. Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time." 133. 現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的問題使很多人抱怨：“我們生活在一個(gè)糟糕的年代。”但如果讓他們來(lái)選擇，沒有人會(huì)愿意過以往的生活。 134 "Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rheto rical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs." 134. 必須鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們意識(shí)到：機(jī)智和修辭技巧必須以真誠(chéng)和真正的信仰為基礎(chǔ)。 135 "While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems." 135. 雖然我們面臨的大多數(shù)環(huán)境問題都來(lái)源于科技的應(yīng)用，我們應(yīng)該依靠科技本身來(lái)尋找這些問題的解決方案。 136 "The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare." 136. 沒有選擇的情形非常少見。 137 "What we call progress is a matter of exchanging one problem for another." 137. 我們所謂的進(jìn)步只不過是把一個(gè)問題轉(zhuǎn)化成了另一個(gè)問題。 138 "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress." 138. 不犯錯(cuò)誤就不會(huì)有發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)步。 139 "Every new generation needs to redefine right and wrong in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time." 139. 每一代人都需要根據(jù)自己所處的時(shí)代情形重新定義“對(duì)”與“錯(cuò)”的概念。 140 "What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent." 140. 社會(huì)認(rèn)為大的社會(huì)成就、政治成就和個(gè)人成就往往招致極大的不滿。 141 "Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity." 141. 大多數(shù)人只意識(shí)到個(gè)性化的益處，但實(shí)際上個(gè)人的經(jīng)濟(jì)成功需要一致性。 142 "The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority." 142. 當(dāng)許多公民質(zhì)疑權(quán)威的時(shí)候，社會(huì)才能更富強(qiáng)。 143 "Artists should pay little attention to their critics. *Criticism tendsto undermine and constrain the artist s creativity." *those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 143. 藝術(shù)家應(yīng)該對(duì)給予他們的批評(píng)毫不理會(huì)。批評(píng)家總是削弱和限制藝術(shù)家的創(chuàng)造力 。 *評(píng)價(jià)藝術(shù)作品，例如小說(shuō)、電影、音樂、繪畫等的人。 144 "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. 144. 是藝術(shù)家而不是批評(píng)家，帶給社會(huì)一些具有持久價(jià)值的東西。 *批評(píng)家指經(jīng)常評(píng)價(jià)藝術(shù)作品 ，例如小說(shuō)、電影、音樂、繪畫等的人。 145 "A crucial test of character is whether one is able to adapt to changing social conventions without sacrificing one s principles." 145. 性格測(cè)試關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)就是看一個(gè)人能否在不犧牲個(gè)人原則的基礎(chǔ)上適應(yīng)變化的社會(huì)習(xí)俗。 146 "People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it." 146. 對(duì)某思想或策略執(zhí)著的人往往對(duì)其挑剔。 147 "Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them." 147. 傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代不相容。人們必須在二者之間做出選擇。 148 "Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble." 148. 許多人崇尚理想主義，但它往往帶來(lái)失望或煩惱。 149 "The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects." 149. 保護(hù)野生環(huán)境實(shí)際有效的方法就是通過環(huán)保項(xiàng)目吸引更多的觀光客到那些地方去。 150 "Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete." 150. 通過電視和世界聯(lián)網(wǎng)的計(jì)算機(jī)，人們得以了解很多他們沒有去過的地方。所以，旅游業(yè)會(huì)越來(lái)越不景氣。 151 "High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail an d television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication."
151. 高速的電子通訊媒介，如電子郵件和電視，阻止了人們有思想、有意義的交流。 152 "The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies." 152. 對(duì)于公司的執(zhí)行官，他們的任務(wù)就是在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)，為公司賺取盡可能多的金錢。 153. 學(xué)生們應(yīng)該帶著一定的懷疑態(tài)度對(duì)待所學(xué)的任何東西。他們應(yīng)該質(zhì)疑老師教給他們的東西，而不是被動(dòng)地接受。 154 "Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators." 154. 家長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)都應(yīng)該參與到當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校中來(lái)。教育太重要了，不能只靠專業(yè)教育者。 155 "Contemporary society offers so many waysof learning that reading books is no longer very important." 155. 當(dāng)代社會(huì)提供了很多學(xué)習(xí)的途徑，讀書這種學(xué)習(xí)方式已經(jīng)不是很重要了。 156 "Choice is an illusion. In reality, our lives are controlled by the society in which we live." 156. 選擇只是幻想。實(shí)際上，每個(gè)人的生活都是由所在的社會(huì)決定的。 157 "There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer s expectations or desires." 157. 沒有哪件事情是完全客觀觀察的結(jié)果。所有的觀察都是主觀的，通常由觀察者的期望和意愿所導(dǎo)引。 158 The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects." 158. 藝術(shù)(音樂、舞蹈、視覺藝術(shù)等)對(duì)學(xué)生的教育非常重要的，因此它們應(yīng)該得到和數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)、閱讀以及其他主流課程一樣的重視。 159 "The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds." 159. 人類思維總是勝過機(jī)器，因?yàn)闄C(jī)器只不過是人類思維的工具而已。 160 "The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little." 160. 有效力的本質(zhì)的品質(zhì)就是對(duì)特定原則和目標(biāo)的堅(jiān)持。任何，如果他很容易受到流行觀點(diǎn)的影響，那他就一事無(wú)成。 161 "In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished." 161. 在媒體鋪天蓋地的年代，不可能樹立英雄。任何人在媒體的“審視”下都會(huì)名聲掃地。 162 "One often hears about the need for individuals to take responsibility for their own lives. However, the conditions in which people find themselves have been largely established long before people become aware of them. Thus, the concept of personal responsibility is much more complicated and unrealistic than is often assumed." 162. 我們經(jīng)常聽到個(gè)人需要為自己的生活負(fù)責(zé)任。但是在人們認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所處的情形之前，這些情形很大程度上已確定。所以個(gè)人責(zé)任要比通常認(rèn)為的要復(fù)雜和不切實(shí)際的得多。 163 "Most people live, whether physically or morally, in a very restricted circle. They make use of a verylimited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis." 163. 大多數(shù)人，不管是肉體上還是精神上，都局限于有限的范圍內(nèi)。直到他們遇到重大問題或危機(jī)的時(shí)候，才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己只不過利用了可用資源很有限的一部分而已。 164 "Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can appro ach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes." 164. 想象力有時(shí)比經(jīng)驗(yàn)更有價(jià)值。缺乏實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人對(duì)可能性有更自由的想象空間，所以能夠不受固有的習(xí)慣和思維的限制來(lái)完成任務(wù)。 165 "In any given field, the leading voices come from people who are motiva ted not by conviction but by the desire to present opinions and ideas that differ from those held by the majority." 165. 在任何領(lǐng)域，主要的聲音來(lái)自于這些人，他們并不是由信念驅(qū)動(dòng)，而是由希望表達(dá)和大多數(shù)人相異的觀點(diǎn)和想法的意愿所驅(qū)動(dòng)。
166 "Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people s lives more comfortable." 166. 上個(gè)世紀(jì)，科技的大貢獻(xiàn)在于使人們的生活更舒適。 167 "It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth a ll the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician." 167. 有效力的政治在任何時(shí)候都告訴真相是不可能的。對(duì)于政治家來(lái)說(shuō)，太坦白不是美德。 168 "Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field." 168. 在任何領(lǐng)域，只有該領(lǐng)域?qū)＜易龀龅脑u(píng)判才是有價(jià)值的。 169 "Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other." 169. 認(rèn)為政治和道德是兩碼事的人既不懂政治又不懂道德。 170 "The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people." 170. 偉大國(guó)家可靠的標(biāo)志不是其統(tǒng)治者、藝術(shù)家或者科學(xué)家的成就，而是全體人民的福利。 171 "People who pursue their own intellectual interests for purely personal reasons are more likely to benefit the rest of the world than are people who try to act for the public good." 171. 那些純粹出于個(gè)人原因追求自己學(xué)術(shù)興趣的人，相比出于公眾利益努力的人，更有可能造福他人。 172 "Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the timelimited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis." 172. 真正的真理開始都是可憎的，或至少是令人不舒服的，和那個(gè)時(shí)代業(yè)已形成的至理名言相抵觸。