Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
What are the St. Bernard dogs used for?
The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2, 473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to-30°and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.
New words and expressions生詞和短語
monastery（title）/'m&n stri/n．寺院，修道院
enclosure（1. 12）/in'kl ({ /n．圍場，圈地
St．Bernard（1. 1）/?seint-b 'na:d/圣伯納德
monk（1. 14）/m)Rk/n．和尚，僧侶
pass（1. 2）/pa:s/n．關(guān)隘
privacy（1. 14）/'priv si/n．清靜，隱居
watchdog（1. 7）/'w&tMd&g/n．看門狗
skier（1. 16）/'ski: /n．滑雪者
rashly（1. 9）/'r$Mli/adj．莽撞地，冒失地
Easter（1. 16）/'i:st /n．復(fù)活節(jié)
Notes on the text課文注釋
1 Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains，由于一條穿山隧道已經(jīng)開通。now that是連詞，當(dāng)“既然”，“由于”講，引導(dǎo)一個原因狀語從句，說明一種新情況。
2 As there are so many people about, …about為副詞，作“在附近”，“到處”講。也可用around表示。
3 The monks prefer winter to summer，修道士們喜歡冬天而不喜歡夏天。 prefer…to…有“喜歡……而不喜歡……”的意思，to的前后要用名詞或動名詞來表示所對比的事物或活動。
參考譯文
圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利，海拔2，473米，是歐洲高的山口。11世紀(jì)建造的的圣伯納德修道院位于離山口1英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。幾百年來，圣伯納德修道院馴養(yǎng)的狗拯救了許多翻越這道山口的旅游者的生命。這些先從亞洲引進(jìn)的狗，待人友好，早在羅馬時代就給人當(dāng)看門狗了。如今由于在山里開挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危險了。但每年還要派狗到雪地里去幫助那些遇到困難的旅游者。盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。
夏天的幾個月里，修道院十分忙碌，因?yàn)橛谐汕先f的人駕車通過山口，順道來修道院參觀。由于來人太多，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。氣溫下降到零下30度，試圖跨越山口的人寥寥無幾。修道士們喜歡冬天，而不太喜歡夏天。因?yàn)樵诙?，他們可以更多地過上無人打擾的生活。狗也比較自由，被放出圍欄，四處遛達(dá)。冬天常來修道院參觀的只有一批批滑雪者。他們在圣誕節(jié)或復(fù)活節(jié)到那兒去。這些熱愛高山清靜環(huán)境的年輕人每年都受到圣伯納德修道院的熱烈歡迎。
Summary writing摘要寫作
In not more than 80 words give an account of life at St. Bernard's Monastery in summer and in winter. Do not include anything that is not in the last paragraph.
Answer these questions in note form to get your points:
1 When is St. Bernard's monastery visited by thousands of people?
2 How do these people cross the Pass?
3 Why are the dogs kept in a special enclosure?
4 How low does the temperature drop in winter?
5 Are there few visitors then, or are there a great many?
6 Do the monks prefer the winter season or not?
7 What are the dogs free to do in winter?
8 What sort of people regularly visit the monastery in winter?
9 Do they stay there the whole winter, or do they stay only at certain times?
10 Are they warmly welcomed or not?
Vocabulary詞匯
Give another word or phrase to replace the following words as they are used in the passage: famous (1. 2); founded (1. 3); lies (1. 4); now that (1. 7); rashly attempt (11. 9-10); quite (1. 13); drops (1. 13).
Composition作文
In not more than 200 words, write an imaginary account of the way a traveller was rescued on St. Bernard's Pass in winter. Use the ideas given below. Do not write more than three paragraphs. Title: Rescue.
Introduction: A monk took two dogs out for exercise ---- the dogs were restless ---- a search party was organized. Development: The dogs led the monks through the snow ---- high winds the previous night ---- now heavy fog ---- temperature 20°below ---- they got near ---- heard cries ---- a man was trapped under the snow ---- the dogs dragged him out ---- he was taken to the monastery on a sledge.
Conclusion: The man was unconscious ---- recovered later ---- told them what had happened the previous night.
Letter writing書信寫作
Write a letter of about 80 words to a friend recommending a hotel in the Alps to him. Supply a suitable Introduction and Conclusion. Use the following ideas to write the Purpose: why you recommend it----you stayed there last year ---- fine views ----healthy mountain air ---- comfortable ---- moderate prices ----you intend to go this year as well.
Key structures關(guān)鍵句型
Verb forms: review. 動詞時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)（IKS 83）（參見第2冊第83課關(guān)鍵句型）
Exercise練習(xí)
A Underline the verbs in the passage which tell us what always happens, what happened and what has happened. Note how they have been used.
B Write sentences using the following words and phrases: ago; for six months; when; since 1988.
Special difficulties難點(diǎn)
The dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. （11. 8-9）請記住，ever有時可同who，what，when，where等一起構(gòu)成代詞或連詞，用來加強(qiáng)句子（特別是疑問句）的語氣。
Compare these pairs of sentences:
He did what I asked him to do.
He did whatever I asked him to do.
Who told you that?
Whoever told you that?
I'll tell you when you make a mistake.
I'll tell you whenever you make a mistake.
Where has he gone?
Wherever has he gone?Exercise練習(xí)
Supply the missing words in the following sentences:
1 Now that he's grown up, he does ______ ever he pleases.
2 ______ ever I telephone, the line's engaged.
3 ______ ever told you that, didn't know what he was talking about.
Multiple choice questions多項(xiàng)選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions. Comprehension
1 St. Bernard dogs are best known for ______ .
a．being a great summer tourist attraction
b．having saved people's lives before the new tunnel was built
c．being able to search people out who have been trapped in the snow
d．the freedom they have to wander about in the winter
2 What is the main advantage of the new tunnel?
a．It prevents people from endangering their lives by climbing the Pass.
b．It brings thousands of tourists to the monastery each summer.
c．It provides a fast and safe communication across the Swiss-Italian border.
d．It brings the St. Bernard monks into greater contact with the world.
3 In what way does life at the St. Bernard monastery differ in winter?
a．The great number of visitors must come to the monastery on skis.
b．The dogs are free to save the lives of people lost in the snow.
c．The monks are more welcoming to their visitors.
d．The monks can pursue their occupation relatively undisturbed.
Structure結(jié)構(gòu)
4 The highest mountain pass in Europe is ______ . . . (11. 1-2)
a．of 2, 473 metres
b．a(chǎn)t 2, 473 metres high
c．high 2, 473 metres
d．2, 473 metres high
5 ---- a few people who are ______ to cross the Pass on foot. (11. 9-10)
a．rash enough
b．so rash
c．too rash (d)very rash
6 ______ so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in an enclosure. (1. 12)
a．With
b．Being
c．Because
d．Having
7 The monks let ______ outside their enclosure. (1. 15)
a．them to wander
b．to them wandering.
c．them wander
d．them wandering
8 Parties of skiers ______ the monastery in winter. (11. 15-16)
a．visit to
b．a(chǎn)re visiting at
c．visit
d．a(chǎn)re visitingVocabulary詞匯
9 The great St. Bernard Pass lies ______ Switzerland and Italy. (1. 1)
a．within
b．between
c．a(chǎn)bout
d．a(chǎn)long
10 The dogs are sent out into the snow a traveller is in difficulty. (11. 8-9)
a．if ever
b．in case
c．a(chǎn)ll the time
d．while
11 Thousands of people ______ over the Pass. (11. 11-12)
a．trip
b．voyage
c．conduct
d．drive
12 They are allowed to ______ outside their enclosure. (1. 15)
a．graze
b．drift
c．roam
d．wonder