初二上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)6單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

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    過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
    1. 基本概念
    表示在過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間內(nèi)的某一持續(xù)性行為,即過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
    常和表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的詞組或從句連用。
    2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu):be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞
    即:was/were+doing
    was用于第一人稱及第三人稱單數(shù),were用于第二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)。
    3. 基本句型
    肯定式:was/were + doing
    I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
    2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)我/她/他一直都在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。
    否定式:was/were + not+ doing
    I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.
    2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)我/她/他并不在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。
    疑問(wèn)式:把was/were放于句首。
    —Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?
    2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)你/你們/他們一直都在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活嗎?
    —Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.
    是的,我/我們/他們?cè)诟苫睢?BR>    —No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t.
    不是,我/我們/他們并沒(méi)有在干活。
    時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。
    4. 基本用法
    (1)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的行為,常和表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
    I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
    昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。
    (2)可用來(lái)為另一個(gè)動(dòng)作的發(fā)生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),而另一個(gè)句子則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
    He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.
    他在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。
    5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
    表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
    I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing)
    Look! They are waiting for you.
    We are working ( work ) on a farm now.
    Listen! Someone is knocking (knock) at the door.
    Lucy isn’t reading ( not read) at the moment.
    Where are they? They are running (run) outside.
    表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
    My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.
    I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me.
    6. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
    相同點(diǎn):兩者都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
    不同點(diǎn):
    過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作。
    過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,可能沒(méi)有完成。
    e.g. He read a book last night.
    昨天晚上他讀了一本書(shū)。(讀完了)
    He was reading a story book last night.
    昨天晚上他正在讀故事書(shū)。(還沒(méi)有讀完)