初中英語(yǔ)第語(yǔ)法七章總復(fù)習(xí)

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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)
    第七章、動(dòng)詞的種類
    第一節(jié):及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞
    1、 及物動(dòng)詞
    后面必須要加賓語(yǔ),句子的意義才完整,這樣的動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)。如:
    The workers are repairing the road in front of our school gate.
    We all love our school.
    2、 不及物動(dòng)詞
    后面無(wú)須加賓語(yǔ),本身意義就完整的動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞(vi)。如:
    The baby can walk properly now.
    Our first lesson begins at eight o’clock in the morning.
    3、 兼做及物和不及物動(dòng)詞。
    英語(yǔ)中有不少動(dòng)詞可兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。有的動(dòng)詞兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞意義不變。如:
    We should study hard.(不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“學(xué)習(xí)”
    He studies English hard.(及物動(dòng)詞,也表示“學(xué)習(xí)”
    但有的動(dòng)詞兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞,意義變了。如:
    The big van stopped in the middle of the road..(不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“停下”)
    And it stopped all the traffic.(及物動(dòng)詞,表示“阻礙”)
    4、 后接雙賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞。
    有的及物動(dòng)詞后面需要跟兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ):一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ),一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)。如:
    She sent me a birthday present.
    間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ)
    Show us your new dress.
    間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ)
    5、 后接賓語(yǔ)加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
    有的及物動(dòng)詞后面不僅跟賓語(yǔ),還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如:
    We are working hard to mar country beautiful.
    賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
    They named the girl Jane.
    賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
    說(shuō)說(shuō)句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞哪些是及物動(dòng)詞,哪些是不及物動(dòng)詞
    1、 how many books can you borrow from the school library?
    2、 They arrived here late last night.
    3、 Our maths teacher teaches well.
    4、 I have taught myself English for many years.
    5、 The Children’s Restaurant is run by children.
    第二節(jié)、聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞
    聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞自身有一定的意義,但它必須和表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)可以有名詞、形容詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。常用的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有:be ,get, become, go ,grow , turn, seem, loond, smell, look, taste, feel等。如:
    Miss li is a good class teacher. We are happy to be her pupils.
    It is getting darker and darker.