新概念頻道為大家整理的新概念課程講解第四冊(cè)Lesson3 ，供大家參考。更多閱讀請(qǐng)查看本站 新概念英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)頻道
Lesson 3 Matterhorn man馬特霍恩山區(qū)人 First listen and then answer the following question. 聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。 What was the main objective of early mountain climbers? Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal -- the top! It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed.【參考譯文】 現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員總想找一條能夠給他們帶來(lái)運(yùn)動(dòng)樂(lè)趣的路線來(lái)攀登山峰。他們認(rèn)為， 道路愈艱險(xiǎn)愈帶勁兒。然而，在登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的初期，全然不是這種情況。早期登山者所尋找的是通往山頂?shù)姆奖愕耐緩?，因?yàn)轫敺逄貏e是前人未曾到過(guò)的頂峰 -- 才是他們尋求的目標(biāo)。確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)，而他們裝備之簡(jiǎn)陋足以使現(xiàn)代登山者一想起來(lái)就膽戰(zhàn)心驚。但是，他們并非故意尋求這種刺激，他們只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，的目標(biāo) -- 頂峰！ 我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個(gè)很快出了名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。那里的小客棧一般都很骯臟，而且跳蚤猖獗。 食物是當(dāng)?shù)氐母衫液屯ǔ４娣帕艘荒曛玫拿姘?，人們就著劣酒吞下這種食物。山谷里常常沒(méi)有小客棧，登山者只好隨遇而安。有時(shí)同當(dāng)?shù)啬翈?（他通常和他的教民一樣窮）住在一起，有時(shí)同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。無(wú)論住在哪兒，情況都一樣：骯臟、貧窮，極其不舒適。對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。1.Matterhorn n.馬特霍恩峰（阿爾卑斯山之一，在意大利和瑞士邊境）
2.alpinist n. 登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員
3.pioneer v. 開(kāi)辟，倡導(dǎo)； n. 先鋒，開(kāi)辟者
4.summit n.頂峰
5.attain v.到達(dá) 例句：He attained the summit of his ambition. 他達(dá)到了追求的高目標(biāo)。 Mr Jones attained the position of minister. 瓊斯先生登上了部長(zhǎng)的寶座。
6.perilous adj. 危險(xiǎn)的 例句：The journey through the jungle was perilous. 穿過(guò)叢林的旅行充滿了危險(xiǎn)。
7.shudder v.不寒而栗 例句：The old engine ground and shuddered. 那臺(tái)陳舊的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)抖動(dòng)著發(fā)出摩擦的聲音。 The old engine ground and shuddered. 那臺(tái)陳舊的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)抖動(dòng)著發(fā)出摩擦的聲音。
8.court v.追求
9.solitary adj. 的 例句：I am rather fond of a solitary stroll in the country. 我很喜歡在鄉(xiāng)間獨(dú)自徜徉。
10.impoverish v.使貧困 例句：Many gamblers impoverish themselves here, and it is no coincidence that numerous pawn brokers have set up shop in the streets around the Hotel Lisboa. 很多賭徒在這里變得一文不名，而眾多的典當(dāng)經(jīng)紀(jì)人在里斯本旅館附近的大街上建立起自己的商店。 11.Alpine adj. 阿爾卑斯山的
12.flea-ridden adj.布滿跳蚤的
13.coarse adj.粗劣的 例句：Homespun is a cloth of coarse weave. 土布是一種織得粗糙的布。 14.boast v.自恃有 例句：She likes to boast about the cleverness of her child. 她喜歡夸耀她的孩子聰明。
15.parishioner n.教區(qū)居民
16.shepherd n.牧羊人
17.linen n.亞麻布床單
18.the Alps n.阿爾卑斯山脈1.Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. 參考翻譯：現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員總想找一條能夠給他們帶來(lái)運(yùn)動(dòng)樂(lè)趣的路線來(lái)攀登山峰。他們認(rèn)為， 道路愈艱險(xiǎn)愈帶勁兒。 講解：the more the more The more people you know, the less time you have to see them. 你認(rèn)識(shí)的人越多，見(jiàn)他們是時(shí)間就越少。 The more he earn, the more he want. 他賺錢越多越要錢。 the 比較級(jí)，the 比較級(jí)的情況經(jīng)常使用，表示越……越…… 2.In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. 參考翻譯：然而，在登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的初期，全然不是這種情況。 講解：this was not the case完全不是這么回事 not at all一點(diǎn)也不,絲毫不 I am not at all satisfied with the surrounding here . 我點(diǎn)也不滿意這兒的環(huán)境。 I was not at all pleased with the results. 我對(duì)結(jié)果覺(jué)得一點(diǎn)也不滿意。 3.It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. 參考翻譯：確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)，而他們裝備之簡(jiǎn)陋足以使現(xiàn)代登山者一想起來(lái)就膽戰(zhàn)心驚。 講解：it形式主語(yǔ) 作為形式主語(yǔ)的it并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)義，只是為滿足語(yǔ)法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替 的是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)，概括起來(lái)會(huì)有如下情況： 1. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為不定式 如：It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time. It is my pleasure to address the meeting. It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own. 2. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為從句 如：It so happened that the tickets were sold out. It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity. It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden between the layers of the briefcase. 3. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) 這類句子遠(yuǎn)不如前面兩種出現(xiàn)率高，主要在（no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous）等詞語(yǔ)的后面用 如：It is no use reasoning with him. It is no good reading in dim light. 4.It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. 參考翻譯：我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。 講解：it is adj. for sb to do sth 能用于it’s adj. for sb to do sth的形容詞不多，主要的有bad, bold, clever, common, honest, necessary, nice, normal, pointless, rare, (all) right, rude, sensible, stupid, tactful, thoughtful, typical, unimportant, unusual, vital, wise, wrong等。但是請(qǐng)注意：likely和probable不這樣用。如：她可能今晚到。正：She’s likely to arrive this evening. 誤：It’s likely for her to arrive this evening. 她很可能會(huì)發(fā)脾氣。正：It’s probable that she’ll be in a bad temper. 正：She’ll probably be in a bad temper. 誤：It’s probable for her to be in a bad temper. 5.Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. 參考翻譯：阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。 講解：cut off切下,割下;切斷,截?cái)?隔離,使中斷聯(lián)系,中斷,剝奪財(cái)產(chǎn)繼承權(quán) 例句：The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world. 山崩切斷了這個(gè)山谷與外界的聯(lián)系。 tend to注意,趨向 例句：We generally tend to overvalue money and undervalue art. 我們一般傾向于把金錢看得過(guò)重而低估藝術(shù)的價(jià)值。 6.For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed. 參考翻譯：對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。 講解：accustome to適應(yīng),習(xí)慣于 例句：You will soon get accustomed to the climate here. 你會(huì)很快習(xí)慣這里的氣候的。1.It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature. 確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)， 2.It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. 我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。 3.Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular,Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. 除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個(gè)很快出了名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。 4.Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could 山谷里常常沒(méi)有小客棧，登山者只好隨遇而安。 5.Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. 無(wú)論住在哪兒，情況都一樣：骯臟、貧窮，極其不舒適。 6.For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed. 對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。
Lesson 3 Matterhorn man馬特霍恩山區(qū)人 First listen and then answer the following question. 聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。 What was the main objective of early mountain climbers? Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal -- the top! It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could -- sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed.【參考譯文】 現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員總想找一條能夠給他們帶來(lái)運(yùn)動(dòng)樂(lè)趣的路線來(lái)攀登山峰。他們認(rèn)為， 道路愈艱險(xiǎn)愈帶勁兒。然而，在登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的初期，全然不是這種情況。早期登山者所尋找的是通往山頂?shù)姆奖愕耐緩?，因?yàn)轫敺逄貏e是前人未曾到過(guò)的頂峰 -- 才是他們尋求的目標(biāo)。確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)，而他們裝備之簡(jiǎn)陋足以使現(xiàn)代登山者一想起來(lái)就膽戰(zhàn)心驚。但是，他們并非故意尋求這種刺激，他們只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)，的目標(biāo) -- 頂峰！ 我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個(gè)很快出了名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。那里的小客棧一般都很骯臟，而且跳蚤猖獗。 食物是當(dāng)?shù)氐母衫液屯ǔ４娣帕艘荒曛玫拿姘?，人們就著劣酒吞下這種食物。山谷里常常沒(méi)有小客棧，登山者只好隨遇而安。有時(shí)同當(dāng)?shù)啬翈?（他通常和他的教民一樣窮）住在一起，有時(shí)同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。無(wú)論住在哪兒，情況都一樣：骯臟、貧窮，極其不舒適。對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。1.Matterhorn n.馬特霍恩峰（阿爾卑斯山之一，在意大利和瑞士邊境）
2.alpinist n. 登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員
3.pioneer v. 開(kāi)辟，倡導(dǎo)； n. 先鋒，開(kāi)辟者
4.summit n.頂峰
5.attain v.到達(dá) 例句：He attained the summit of his ambition. 他達(dá)到了追求的高目標(biāo)。 Mr Jones attained the position of minister. 瓊斯先生登上了部長(zhǎng)的寶座。
6.perilous adj. 危險(xiǎn)的 例句：The journey through the jungle was perilous. 穿過(guò)叢林的旅行充滿了危險(xiǎn)。
7.shudder v.不寒而栗 例句：The old engine ground and shuddered. 那臺(tái)陳舊的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)抖動(dòng)著發(fā)出摩擦的聲音。 The old engine ground and shuddered. 那臺(tái)陳舊的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)抖動(dòng)著發(fā)出摩擦的聲音。
8.court v.追求
9.solitary adj. 的 例句：I am rather fond of a solitary stroll in the country. 我很喜歡在鄉(xiāng)間獨(dú)自徜徉。
10.impoverish v.使貧困 例句：Many gamblers impoverish themselves here, and it is no coincidence that numerous pawn brokers have set up shop in the streets around the Hotel Lisboa. 很多賭徒在這里變得一文不名，而眾多的典當(dāng)經(jīng)紀(jì)人在里斯本旅館附近的大街上建立起自己的商店。 11.Alpine adj. 阿爾卑斯山的
12.flea-ridden adj.布滿跳蚤的
13.coarse adj.粗劣的 例句：Homespun is a cloth of coarse weave. 土布是一種織得粗糙的布。 14.boast v.自恃有 例句：She likes to boast about the cleverness of her child. 她喜歡夸耀她的孩子聰明。
15.parishioner n.教區(qū)居民
16.shepherd n.牧羊人
17.linen n.亞麻布床單
18.the Alps n.阿爾卑斯山脈1.Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. 參考翻譯：現(xiàn)代登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員總想找一條能夠給他們帶來(lái)運(yùn)動(dòng)樂(lè)趣的路線來(lái)攀登山峰。他們認(rèn)為， 道路愈艱險(xiǎn)愈帶勁兒。 講解：the more the more The more people you know, the less time you have to see them. 你認(rèn)識(shí)的人越多，見(jiàn)他們是時(shí)間就越少。 The more he earn, the more he want. 他賺錢越多越要錢。 the 比較級(jí)，the 比較級(jí)的情況經(jīng)常使用，表示越……越…… 2.In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. 參考翻譯：然而，在登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的初期，全然不是這種情況。 講解：this was not the case完全不是這么回事 not at all一點(diǎn)也不,絲毫不 I am not at all satisfied with the surrounding here . 我點(diǎn)也不滿意這兒的環(huán)境。 I was not at all pleased with the results. 我對(duì)結(jié)果覺(jué)得一點(diǎn)也不滿意。 3.It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. 參考翻譯：確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)，而他們裝備之簡(jiǎn)陋足以使現(xiàn)代登山者一想起來(lái)就膽戰(zhàn)心驚。 講解：it形式主語(yǔ) 作為形式主語(yǔ)的it并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)義，只是為滿足語(yǔ)法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替 的是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)，概括起來(lái)會(huì)有如下情況： 1. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為不定式 如：It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time. It is my pleasure to address the meeting. It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own. 2. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為從句 如：It so happened that the tickets were sold out. It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity. It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden between the layers of the briefcase. 3. 句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) 這類句子遠(yuǎn)不如前面兩種出現(xiàn)率高，主要在（no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous）等詞語(yǔ)的后面用 如：It is no use reasoning with him. It is no good reading in dim light. 4.It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. 參考翻譯：我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。 講解：it is adj. for sb to do sth 能用于it’s adj. for sb to do sth的形容詞不多，主要的有bad, bold, clever, common, honest, necessary, nice, normal, pointless, rare, (all) right, rude, sensible, stupid, tactful, thoughtful, typical, unimportant, unusual, vital, wise, wrong等。但是請(qǐng)注意：likely和probable不這樣用。如：她可能今晚到。正：She’s likely to arrive this evening. 誤：It’s likely for her to arrive this evening. 她很可能會(huì)發(fā)脾氣。正：It’s probable that she’ll be in a bad temper. 正：She’ll probably be in a bad temper. 誤：It’s probable for her to be in a bad temper. 5.Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. 參考翻譯：阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。 講解：cut off切下,割下;切斷,截?cái)?隔離,使中斷聯(lián)系,中斷,剝奪財(cái)產(chǎn)繼承權(quán) 例句：The slide cut off the valley from the rest of the world. 山崩切斷了這個(gè)山谷與外界的聯(lián)系。 tend to注意,趨向 例句：We generally tend to overvalue money and undervalue art. 我們一般傾向于把金錢看得過(guò)重而低估藝術(shù)的價(jià)值。 6.For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed. 參考翻譯：對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。 講解：accustome to適應(yīng),習(xí)慣于 例句：You will soon get accustomed to the climate here. 你會(huì)很快習(xí)慣這里的氣候的。1.It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature. 確實(shí)，在探險(xiǎn)中他們經(jīng)常遇到驚心動(dòng)魄的困難和危險(xiǎn)， 2.It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. 我們今天很難想像昔日的登山先驅(qū)們是多么艱苦。 3.Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular,Alpine village tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. 除了澤曼特和夏蒙尼等一兩個(gè)很快出了名的地方外，阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)的小村幾乎全是高山環(huán)抱、與世隔絕的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤。 4.Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could 山谷里常常沒(méi)有小客棧，登山者只好隨遇而安。 5.Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. 無(wú)論住在哪兒，情況都一樣：骯臟、貧窮，極其不舒適。 6.For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed. 對(duì)于過(guò)慣了一頓飯吃7道菜、睡亞麻細(xì)布床單的人來(lái)說(shuō)，變換一下生活環(huán)境來(lái)到阿爾卑斯山山區(qū)，那一定是很艱難的。