課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．What's the matter？怎么啦？
相當(dāng)于 What's wrong？或 Tell me what's wrong。這個(gè)句型通常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)發(fā)生了什么事。假如要特別提及某人，可以在后面加上介詞with，如：
What's the matter with you?
你怎么啦？
What's the matter with Claire?
克萊爾怎么啦？
2．Mum，兒語(yǔ)中小孩子對(duì)母親的稱呼。
與此相似，dad是對(duì)父親的兒語(yǔ)稱呼。
3．There's = There is。
它表示“有”、“存在”，為 there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)縮略形式。
4．Two ice creams please．請(qǐng)拿兩份冰淇淋。
相當(dāng)于 Give us two ice creams，please。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn) Lessons 3～4課文注釋。ice cream是物質(zhì)名詞。物質(zhì)名詞前加不定冠詞 a或基數(shù)詞表示一種、一份、一客、一類、一陣等。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
1．there be結(jié)構(gòu)（1）
在說(shuō)明或詢問(wèn)人、物等的存在時(shí)即可使用there be結(jié)構(gòu)。說(shuō)There's an ice cream man比說(shuō)An ice cream man is there更合乎習(xí)慣，也更為自然。there be結(jié)構(gòu)可將重要的新信息置于句末，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的實(shí)際主語(yǔ)是be后面的名詞。因此，假如該名詞是單數(shù)就用is，如是復(fù)數(shù)則為are。
2．人稱代詞與be
英文中系動(dòng)詞be（是）必須根據(jù)不同的人稱代詞作相應(yīng)的變化。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)Lessons15～16語(yǔ)法部分中有關(guān)be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式的內(nèi)容，包括某些縮略形式，如：they are not =they aren't =they're not，we are not = we aren't =we're not。詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．thirsty adj.
（1）渴的，口干的：
We're tired and thirsty.
我們又累又渴。
（2）（土地等）干旱的：
a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地
（3）渴望的，渴求的（for，after）：
The students there are thirsty for knowledge.
那里的學(xué)生有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。
2．matter n.
（1）事情，事件：
It's a private matter.
這是件私事。
He's not very interested in financial matters.
他對(duì)財(cái)政方面的事情并不太感興趣。
（2）麻煩事，困難：
What's the matter, Anna?
怎么了，安娜？
What's the matter with Steven?
史蒂文是怎么回事？
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired, too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1 Are the children tired or thirsty?
They're not tired. They're thirsty.
2 Are the postmen cold or hot?
They're not cold. They're hot.
3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat?
They're not thin. They're fat.
4 Are the shoes small or big?
They're not small. They're big.
5 Are the shops shut or open?
They're not shut. They're open.
6 Are his cases heavy or light?
They're not heavy. They're light.
7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old?
They're not young. They're old.
8 Are their hats old or new?
They're not old. They're new.
9 Are the policemen short or tall?
They're not short. They're tall.
10 Are his trousers short or long?
They're not short. They're long.
1．What's the matter？怎么啦？
相當(dāng)于 What's wrong？或 Tell me what's wrong。這個(gè)句型通常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)發(fā)生了什么事。假如要特別提及某人，可以在后面加上介詞with，如：
What's the matter with you?
你怎么啦？
What's the matter with Claire?
克萊爾怎么啦？
2．Mum，兒語(yǔ)中小孩子對(duì)母親的稱呼。
與此相似，dad是對(duì)父親的兒語(yǔ)稱呼。
3．There's = There is。
它表示“有”、“存在”，為 there be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)縮略形式。
4．Two ice creams please．請(qǐng)拿兩份冰淇淋。
相當(dāng)于 Give us two ice creams，please。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn) Lessons 3～4課文注釋。ice cream是物質(zhì)名詞。物質(zhì)名詞前加不定冠詞 a或基數(shù)詞表示一種、一份、一客、一類、一陣等。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
1．there be結(jié)構(gòu)（1）
在說(shuō)明或詢問(wèn)人、物等的存在時(shí)即可使用there be結(jié)構(gòu)。說(shuō)There's an ice cream man比說(shuō)An ice cream man is there更合乎習(xí)慣，也更為自然。there be結(jié)構(gòu)可將重要的新信息置于句末，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的實(shí)際主語(yǔ)是be后面的名詞。因此，假如該名詞是單數(shù)就用is，如是復(fù)數(shù)則為are。
2．人稱代詞與be
英文中系動(dòng)詞be（是）必須根據(jù)不同的人稱代詞作相應(yīng)的變化。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)Lessons15～16語(yǔ)法部分中有關(guān)be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式的內(nèi)容，包括某些縮略形式，如：they are not =they aren't =they're not，we are not = we aren't =we're not。詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．thirsty adj.
（1）渴的，口干的：
We're tired and thirsty.
我們又累又渴。
（2）（土地等）干旱的：
a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地
（3）渴望的，渴求的（for，after）：
The students there are thirsty for knowledge.
那里的學(xué)生有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。
2．matter n.
（1）事情，事件：
It's a private matter.
這是件私事。
He's not very interested in financial matters.
他對(duì)財(cái)政方面的事情并不太感興趣。
（2）麻煩事，困難：
What's the matter, Anna?
怎么了，安娜？
What's the matter with Steven?
史蒂文是怎么回事？
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 20
A
1 Those children are tired.
2 Their mother is tired, too.
3 That ice cream man is very busy.
4 His ice creams are very nice.
5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.
6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.
B
1 Are the children tired or thirsty?
They're not tired. They're thirsty.
2 Are the postmen cold or hot?
They're not cold. They're hot.
3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat?
They're not thin. They're fat.
4 Are the shoes small or big?
They're not small. They're big.
5 Are the shops shut or open?
They're not shut. They're open.
6 Are his cases heavy or light?
They're not heavy. They're light.
7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old?
They're not young. They're old.
8 Are their hats old or new?
They're not old. They're new.
9 Are the policemen short or tall?
They're not short. They're tall.
10 Are his trousers short or long?
They're not short. They're long.